Global Donor Platformfor Rural Development

Like minds, diverse strengths// Annual Report 2009

Global Donor Platform forRural Development

• Three-quarters of the world’s 1.4 billion ex-tremely poor people live in rural areas inAfrica, Asia and Latin America. Worldwideover 950 million men, women and childrenare undernourished. Food price peaks in2008 pushed an additional 100 million peo-ple into poverty.

• Rural development is an opportunity for gov-ernments and donors to leverage their ef-forts in the fight against poverty.

• Created in 2003, the Global Donor Platformfor Rural Development is a network of bilat-eral and multilateral donors, international fi-nancing institutions, intergovernmentalorganisations and development agencies thatshare a common vision of the role agricultureand rural development plays in reducingpoverty. They are committed to strentheningthe impact of aid in agriculture and rural de-velopment.

Vision

• To be a collective, recognised and influentialvoice, adding value to and reinforcing thegoals of aid effectiveness in the agriculturaland rural development strategies and actionsof member agencies in support of partnercountries.

Mission

• To achieve increased development assistanceimpact and more effective investment inrural development and agriculture.

Goal

• To contribute to reducing poverty in develop-ing countries and enhance sustainable eco-nomic growth in rural areas through im-proved cooperation and collaboration be-tween international development partnersand coordinated dialogue with partner coun-tries.

Objectives

• A bigger share of members’ official develop-ment assistance for agriculture and rural de-velopment.

• Tangible progress in the implementation ofthe Paris Declaration and Accra Agenda forAction commitments at country level.

• Greater use of programme-based and sec-tor-wide approaches in agriculture and ruraldevelopment programmes.

• A rationalisation of support to agricultureand rural development by Platform memberagencies.

Strategy

• The result of wide consultation, the Plat-form’s strategic plan 2009–11 sets out thePlatform’s direction and defines its two keyroles – advocating and knowledge brokering.

Global Donor Platform forRural Development // Annual Report 2009

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The Strategic Plan2009–11

– endorsed by theBoard in 2009 guidesoperational business

plans, work plans andbudget.

PDF

lAbout the Platform 02• Like minds – diverse strengths 03

• Platform members and partners 04

• From the Chair and Vice Chair 05

lTackling rural poverty together 07• Agriculture

and Rural Development in 2009 08

• Milestones 2009 08

lLike minds 12• Advancing global governance and aid effectiveness in

agriculture and rural development 13

• Strengthening donor coordinationin support of CAADP 17

• Linking rural developmentand climate change 20

• Progress at COP15’ 21

• Budget and expenditure 26

lDiverse strengths 30• African Development Bank Group (AfDB) 32

• Asian Development Bank (ADB) 34

• Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) 36

• Austrian Development Cooperation (ADC)via Federal Ministry for European and InternationalAffairs of Austria/ Austrian Development Agency (ADA) 38

• Belgian Directorate-Generalfor Development Cooperation (DGDC) 40

• Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) 42

• Department for International Development (DFID) – UK 44

• European Commission – Directorate-Generalfor Development (EC DG DEV) 46

• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 48

• German Federal Ministry for EconomicCooperation and Development (BMZ) 50

• German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) 52

• Global Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM) 54

• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 56

• Irish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairs 58

• KfW Entwicklungsbank (German Development Bank) 60

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Denmark 62

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Finland 64

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs –France/French Development Agency (AFD) 66

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Italy 68

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation – Spain 70

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands 72

• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop-ment (OECD) Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit 74

• Organisation for Economic Cooperationand Development (OECD) – Sahel and West Africa Club 76

• Swedish International DevelopmentCooperation Agency (Sida) 78

• Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) 80

• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) 82

• United States Agency forInternational Development (USAID) 84

• The World Bank 86

• World Food Programme (WFP) 88

In this report Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 01

In this reportl

Ending poverty and hunger is a United Nations Millennium Development Goal. To con-tribute the Platform fosters mutual trust and respect between donor agencies and de-veloping countries.

Photo by Pierre St-Jacques. © ACDI-CIDA.

About thePlatform

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The Global Donor Platform for Rural Developmentis a network of organisations committed to im-proving the impact of aid in agriculture and ruraldevelopment. As of December 2009 the 33 mem-bers included bilateral and multilateral donors, in-ternational financing institutions, intergovern-mental organisations and development agencies.

// Likeminds – diverse strengths

Operating at global, regional and national levels,Platform members’ priorities differ widely – fromfighting hunger worldwide and improving landand water management, to promoting economicgrowth through trade and investment strategiesand phasing out the cultivation of illicit drugs.

What brings members together is their commonbelief that tackling rural poverty requires a coor-dinated approach. They are convinced that wheninternational development efforts effectivelyreach the rural poor, the result is sustainable de-velopment. Through the Platform, membersshare learning and consolidate better practices inorder to raise the impact of their efforts at na-tional, regional and global levels. Drawing ontheir individual strengths, they combine their dif-ferent interests in pursuit of the common aim oflessening poverty among rural people.

The Platform today increasingly influences theinternational agriculture and rural developmentlandscape. It has demonstrated agility in buildingconsensus around key debates, competency incontributing to global processes, and an aptitudefor facilitating the uptake of emerging issues indonors’ everyday work. Backed by shared know-ledge, the Platform’s work has proved effective inraising the profile of agricultural and rural devel-opment among donors, development agencies,governments and other parties. What the Plat-form achieves – the collective achievement –stems from like minds sharing common con-cerns, pooling information and experience, draw-

ing on diverse strengths, promoting ‘division oflabour’ amongst donors and enhancing pro-gramme alignment at country level – all towardsa common goal.

Speaking with one voice and individually, Plat-form members influence global developmentagendas on such issues as food security, climatechange and aid effectiveness. Platform messagestargeting global leaders and policy makers havesupported the rising prominence of the agricul-ture-for-development agenda. Meanwhile, Plat-form facilitated knowledge sharing betweenpolicy makers and practitioners have helpedagencies develop and adopt common principlesand best practices to guide their assistance torural development. Developing countries and re-gional development entities are following suit. In-ternational support for agriculture and ruraldevelopment is indeed becoming more efficientand effective.

// Platformmembers and partners

In 2009 Platform membership grew to 33. TheAustralian Agency for International Develop-ment, the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, theAfrican Development Bank and the World FoodProgramme joined as associate members, andthe Swedish International Development Coopera-tion Agency became a full member. The Alliancefor a Green Revolution in Africa became a partner. k

About the Platform Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 03

About the Platforml

What the Platform achieves – the col-lective achievement – stems from likeminds sharing common concerns, poolinginformation and experience, drawing ondiverse strengths, promoting a ‘divi-sion of labour’ amongst donors and en-hancing programme alignment at countrylevel – all towards a common goal.

Improving rural growthis critical for equitabledevelopment across In-donesia. The AustraliaIndonesia Partnershipcontributes to ruralgrowth and improvedhousehold incomes byincreasing farmer pro-ductivity and support-ing better and moreequitable access tomarkets. Good prac-tices strengthen theimpact of rural devel-opment investment.

Photo by Josh Estey.AusAID photo library

// Partners

Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa(AGRA)

World Vegetable Center (AVRDC)

Technical Centre for Agriculturaland Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA)

International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI)

Livelihoods Connect/Institute of Develop-ment Studies (IDS)

Natural Resources Institute (NRI)

Overseas Development Institute (ODI)

Regional Unit for Technical Assistancein Agriculture (RUTA)

As of 31 December 2009

// Platform secretariatThe secretariat transformed substantially in 2009: CAADP task leader Yihenew Zewdie relocatedto Addis Ababa, Christoph Langenkamp succeeded Sonja Palm as secretariat coordinator andwas succeeded by Rasit Pertev as ARD policy expert, Marion Thompson succeeded Mark Witzelin finance and administration, Shaughn McArthur succeeded Ada Hakobyan as junior profes-sional officer and Pascal Corbé succeeded Daniel Gerecke as communications officer.

// Members

African Development Bank Group (AfDB)

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Australian Agency forInternational Development (AusAID)

Austrian Development Agency (ADA)

Belgian Directorate-General for Develop-ment Cooperation (DGDC)

Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA)*

Department for International DevelopmentUK (DFID)*

European Commission – Directorate-Generalfor Development (EC DG DEV)*

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

French Development Agency (AFD)

German Federal Ministry for EconomicCooperation and Development (BMZ)*

German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)

Global Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM)*

International Fund for AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD)*

Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)

Irish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairs

KfW Entwicklungsbank

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Austria

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Denmark

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Finland

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – France*

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Italy*

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Luxembourg

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Norway

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation –Spain*

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands

Organisation for Economic Cooperationand Development (OECD)

Swedish International DevelopmentCooperation Agency (Sida)*

Swiss Agency for Development and Coopera-tion (SDC)*

The World Bank*

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC)

United States Agency for InternationalDevelopment (USAID)*

World Food Programme (WFP)

As of 31 December 2009

04 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 About the Platform

Platform members joinforces to influencerural development

agendas and lessenpoverty.

Photos byPlatform Secretariat.

*B

oard

mem

bers

// From the Chair and Vice Chair

The 2009 Platform annual report draws a de-tailed picture of the actions members took inrelation to agriculture and rural development. Itillustrates how the collective efforts of Platformmembers still underpin the increased efficiencyand effectiveness needed to avoid future foodcrises and ensure vulnerable people – espe-cially women – have access to sufficient, afford-able and safe food. The food crisis has refocusedattention on rural development and agricultureas the basis for food security.

The halfway point towards the 2015 target datefor achieving the Millennium DevelopmentGoals has long passed. Despite progress, sub-stantial challenges remain. From today’s stand-point, it is uncertain that MDG 1, the eradicationof extreme poverty and hunger, will be reached.This adds urgency to our call for an effectiveand sustainable approach to agriculture andrural development.

Food security is a cross-cutting issue that de-mands a coordinated approach. Our success inavoiding recurrent global food crises is directlylinked to our ability to address other globalchallenges: from poverty eradication and envi-ronmental sustainability to climate change im-pact, fluctuating food and energy costs, andfinancial turmoil in world economies. It istherefore imperative that global risks be dealtwith through an integrated approach, listeningto all actors involved and giving voice to themost vulnerable, especially women farmers.

The past year has been a period of unprece-dented activity for the Global Donor Platformfor Rural Development. Let us recall some of itsmost important engagements:

– The Madrid High Level Meeting on Food Se-curity for All, where the Platform co-chairedthe discussion on intensifying and coordinat-ing country level action on reducing hungerthrough food and nutrition assistance, andpolicies for food security and agriculture

– The L’ Aquila Food Security Initiative (AFSI),launched at the G8 Summit through a jointstatement signed by the Platform togetherwith 27 heads of state and government and 15international and regional organisations. ThePlatform provided critical input toward the fi-nalisation of the statement

– The coordination and publication of the JointDonor Principles for Agriculture and RuralDevelopment Programmes and the Guide-lines for Support to CAADP Process at aCountry-Level demonstrated the Platform’sability to support the coordination and align-ment efforts of its members and to promotefocused dialogue on the way donors act atcountry and at headquarter levels

– Preparations for the Land, Investment andDevelopment event, hosted by FAO/IFAD andSDC in January 2010, which brought mem-bers together with civil society and the privatesector to share knowledge on the diversity ofongoing initiatives related to land policies andland tenure

– Agriculture and Rural Development Day andthe COP15 side event provided opportunitiesfor agriculture and rural development as wellas forestry stakeholders to come togetherand advance key issues for the evolving inter-national climate regime

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About the Platform Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 05

Maria Pia Rizzo, Chair,and Brian Baldwin, Vice Chair.

Photos by Platform Secretariat.

Platform achievements can be summarised ashaving contributed to international debateswhile advocating for sustainable agriculture,rural development and nutrition at two differentlevels: internally – working among Platformmembers to harmonise donor approaches inagriculture and rural development. And globally– reaching out through members to stakehold-ers of other key disciplines and thereby advanc-ing debates on the inter-linkages betweenagriculture, nutrition, poverty reduction and cli-mate change.

In 2009 the Platform proved that it is deliveringon its promises: through information sharingand knowledge management, it supported itsmembers and the entire agriculture and ruraldevelopment community to better respond tothe steadily rising demand of growing popula-tions for agricultural products, including food,fibre and fuel. In doing so, we increasinglyrecognise that the Platform has set out a newway of doing business. The Platform and itsmembers stand ready to support this.

In 2010 the Platform will build on its achieve-ments to facilitate and advocate for a new gov-ernance of global food security and nutrition atglobal, regional and local levels, and to ensurethat AFSI is put into action. In this context,building on the comparative advantage of theRome-based agencies and international organi-sations, supporting dialogue with the UNHLTFwhile engaging with the private sector, the Plat-form will continue to support initiatives to scaleup efforts to address the multifaceted aspectsof agriculture and rural development.

The Platform furthermore will, in 2010, focuson the themes of climate change adaptationand mitigation and how agriculture will con-tribute; the ongoing dialogue on promoting re-sponsibility in investing in land and ensuring allstakeholders are involved; delivering CAADPcompacts by members at country level; andstrengthening food security and advancing theMillennium Development Goals in the poorestparts of the world through continued involve-ment in the aid effectiveness debate.

We reaffirm our mission – to achieve an in-creased development assistance impact andmore effective investment in agriculture andrural development – as well as our commit-ment to improve coordination and harmonisa-tion of our policies at international and head-quarter level and through members’ interven-tions at field level.

As for our vision, we can surely state that thePlatform has emerged as a collective, recog-nised and influential voice, adding value to andreinforcing the goals of aid effectiveness in theagriculture and rural development strategiesand actions of member agencies in support ofpartner countries.

Thanks to all members whose contributionshave enabled us to produce this report

Maria Pia Rizzo, Brian Baldwin,Chair Vice Chair

06 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 From the Chair and Vice Chair

Tackling ruralpoverty together

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//Agriculture and RuralDevelopment in 2009

// Weathering the crises

For donors in agriculture and rural develop-ment, 2009 should have been a time to regroup,collect lessons learned and consolidate politicalprogress. Following the food and fuel priceshocks of 2007/8, declines in commodity pricesseemed set to continue easing pressures on thelivelihoods of the world’s poor. Determined toavoid a repeat, governments around the worldstarted paying more attention to the rural poorand food security.

No sooner had this assessment emerged thanthe severity of the financial crisis became clear.As talk of a “triple F” – food, fuel and finance –crisis began to amplify, so did fears that devel-oping countries would soon face a worldwidereduction in public expenditure on poverty alle-viation. Calling the financial crisis a “develop-ment emergency”, the World Bank’s GlobalMonitoring Report 2009 estimated the crisiswould push an additional 50 million people intoextreme poverty by the end of the year. DFID es-timated that figure could rise to 90 million bythe end of 2010.

With a view to curtailing some of the worst im-pacts, several processes were launched to keepthe international community on track towardsthe Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).From the G8 Summit in L’Aquila to the WorldSummit on Food Security, governments and in-tergovernmental organisations encouraged oneanother not to waver on poverty reduction.Working together and within their organisa-tions, Platform members responded by redou-bling their efforts to ensure tightening aidbudgets were used more effectively. One resultwas the donors’ unprecedented recognition ofCAADP (the Comprehensive Africa AgricultureDevelopment Programme). Acknowledging

CAADP as an African initiative and framework foroperationalising the Paris Declaration on Aid Ef-fectiveness and the Accra Agenda for Action inthe African rural development context, the Plat-form facilitated donor support and alignmentwith its principles.

Climate change also came to the fore as an issueposing additional challenges and requiring a de-cisive response from the agriculture and ruraldevelopment community in 2009. As the depen-dants and stewards of vast terrestrial ecosys-tems likely to be worst hit by changing weatherand atmospheric temperatures, smallscalefarmers in the global south carry immense po-tential to mitigate carbon emissions, and to helpthe growing populations of the world adapt to itsthreats. With COP15 offering the prospect of aninternational climate change deal at the end ofthe year, the Platform helped forge a broad coali-tion to support the message that a deal withoutagriculture is no deal.

This annual report revisits the challenges thatconfronted the agriculture and rural develop-ment community in 2009 from the Platform’sparticular perspective as a convener, advocateand knowledge broker. It looks at what Platformmembers did and achieved together, and indi-vidually. It distills their diverse priorities andapproaches, and forebodes the processes andinterventions to be carried by the Platformthrough 2010.

//Milestones 2009

In 2009 the Platform drew on collective and in-dividual strengths and interests to influence keyprocesses in rural development. Platformmembers were active at events in partnercountries, regionally and globally. Constantcommunication – working group meetings, up-dates, teleconferences, videoconferences andemails – fuelled the momentum.

Tackling rural poverty togetherl

08 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Tackling rural poverty together

A farmer group workson a sisal pilot plan-tation in Nyandugavillage, Tanzania.Members aerate theland and prepare it forintercropping withsorghum, maize,beans, potatoes andsunflowers.

Photo byRobert Grossman.IFAD photo library.

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Tackling rural poverty together Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 09

Stressing the role of rural development in food security

High Level Meeting on Food Security for AllPlatform co-chaired roundtable on intensifying and coordinatingcountry-level action

Policy Dialogue on High Food Prices: Outlookand Mid-term Donor ResponseCo-organised by Platform, Organisation for Economic Cooperationand Development (OECD)

UK Parliamentary Inquiry into the Global Food CrisisVice-Chair represented Platform as panellist

International Food and Agricultural Trade Policy Council EventPlatform Chair presented and was a panellist

World Summit on Food Security

January, Madrid

February, Paris

April, London

October, Washington

November, Rome

Making aid for rural development more effective

General Assembly of Sector Network Rural Development-Africa

World Bank Rural Week 2009 - Agriculture in a changing world

G8 Summit

Road from L’Aquila

Neuchâtel Initiative Annual Consultation Meeting

Roundtable on Promoting Responsible International Investment inAgriculture

European Development Days

Enhancing Dialogue, Coordinating Agendas - Platform/EIARD jointworkshop

February, Nairobi

March, Washington DC

July, L’Aquila

September, Washington DC

September, Assisi

September, New York

October, Stockholm

November, Eschborn

10 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Tackling rural poverty together

Linking rural development and climate change

Advancing Agriculture in a Copenhagen Agreed Outcome and BeyondCo-organised by Platform, European Commission

9th Session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitmentsfor Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP) and 7th Ses-sion of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action(AWG-LCA)

Agriculture and Rural Development DayCo-organised by Platform, Consultative Group on International Agri-cultural Research (CGIAR), University of Copenhagen, InternationalFederation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO) of the United Nations, Global Forum on Agricultu-ral Research (GFAR), Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP)

Forest Day 3

COP-15 side event Beyond Copenhagen: Agriculture and Forestryare Part of the SolutionCo-organised by Platform, International Federation of AgriculturalProducers (IFAP), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

June, Brussels

October, Bangkok

December, Copenhagen

December, Copenhagen

December, Copenhagen

Involving civil society organisations and the private sector in rural development

Effectiveness In Aid To Agriculture – Czech Action To Strengthen FoodSecurityFrench Development Agency (AFD), Department of InternationalCooperation UK (DFID), European Commission (EC) and secretariatpresented

FoRS (Czech NGO platform) Conference on Civil Society Organisati-ons Aid EffectivenessCanadian International Development Agency (CIDA) Focal Point presen-ted on CSOs and aid effectiveness in agriculture and rural development

AgriBusiness Forum 2009: Boosting Agricultural Productivity forEconomic Growth in AfricaVice-Chair presented on the role of donors and international financeinstitutions in meeting rural investment needs

February, Prague

June, Prague

June, Cape Town

Coffee farmer MarwaJames and his wife Bhoke

James harvesting coffeebeans from their one

hectare plantation.An IFAD project provided

them with coffee seed-lings and training.

Photo byRobert Grossman.IFAD photo library.

Tackling rural poverty together Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 11

Supporting rural development in Africa through the Comprehensive AfricaAgriculture Development Programme (CAADP)

4th CAADP Partnership Platform meetingCo-organised by Platform, African Union Commission (AUC),New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)

CAADP DayCo-organised by Platform, AUC, NEPAD

CAADP Donors and Partners MeetingCo-organised by Platform, AUC, NEPAD

5th CAADP Partnership Platform MeetingOrganisational support by Platform Secretariat

CAADP Africa Forum 2009

March, Pretoria

July, Tripoli

September, Addis Ababa

November, Abuja

December, Nairobi

Platform publications2009

• Harmonisation and alignment //Platform Joint Approaches

– Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture andRural Development Programmes:Incentives for Change

– Guidelines for Donor Support to CAADPProcess at a Country-Level

• Aid modalities // Platform Study– Sharpening the Rural Focus of Poverty

Reduction Strategies: Context, Lessonsand Way Forward

• Agriculture and climate change //Platform Issue Papers

– No. 1: Taking Stock after the BonnClimate Change Talks

– No. 2: Addressing the Technicalities– No. 3: An ARD Roadmap to Copenhagen– No. 4: Why and How to Include Agriculture

in a Post-2012 Agreement– No. 5: Agriculture in the LCA– No. 6: Agriculture in the Climate Change

Negotiations– No. 7: Issues for Barcelona– No. 8: Agriculture and Copenhagen

• Research linkages //Platform DiscussionPapers

– Co-published with European Initia-tive for Agricultural Researchfor Development (EIARD)

– No. 1: Maximising the Contribution ofAgricultural Research

– No. 2: Strengthening the Demand Side ofAgricultural Research

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Information products

In 2009 the Platform consolidated lessons lear-ned and research findings into numerous infor-mation products. These were distributed widelyamong both Platform members and stakehol-

ders with the intention of helping them raisethe quality and impact of aid to rural develop-ment.

Like mindsl

Agricultural Nonagricultural

Expenditure deciles

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 13

Like minds

“Amid timidity in the financial mar-kets, the Platform contributed to theunderstanding that growth originatingin agriculture is two to four timesmore effective in reducing poverty

than growth in other sectors.”

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Tackling rural povertytogether in 2009 – priorities

• Contributing to processes to improve globalgovernance and promote donor harmonisa-tion and alignment in agriculture and ruraldevelopment

• Facilitating the coordination of donor sup-port to CAADP at country, regional and con-tinental levels

• Linking agriculture and rural developmentto climate change

Advances in rural develop-ment in 2009 – highlights

• Increasing recognition of the role of agricul-ture, food security and development in theclimate change debate

• Smallholder agriculture stressed as a key tofood security in the G8 L’Aquila Statement,under which donors committed over US$20billion in new aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

• Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture andRural Development Programmes endorsed

• Progress with the CAADP process, sup-ported by increasing donor coordination atheadquarter and field levels

// Advancing global governanceand aid effectiveness in agricul-ture and rural development

Better global governance and aid effectivenessin agriculture and rural development is centralto achieving the MDGs. In 2009 the Platform in-tensified efforts to coordinate discussions

among members and build understanding ofrural development as the foundation of sustain-able international development. Amid timidity inthe financial markets, the Platform contributedto the understanding that growth originatingin agriculture is two to four times more effec-tive in reducing poverty than growth in othersectors.

Toward this end, the Platform supported mem-ber coordination around initiatives such as theCommon Framework for Action (CFA) and theGlobal Partnership for Agriculture and Food Se-curity (GPAFS), and in response to the growingland acquisition debate. The Platform also con-tributed to and signed the G8 L’Aquila JointStatement on Global Food Security – a land-mark international agreement that recognisesthe need for international investment in agri-cultural development as a safeguard against fu-ture food crises.

// Expenditure gains influencedby 1% GDP Growth

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8

6

4

2

0

-2

Lowest 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Highest

GDP growth originatingin agriculture benefitsthe poor people more

Source: World Bank,World DevelopmentReport 2008, p.6

Perc

ent

14 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

// Encouraging broad-based and inclusivepartnerships to promote food security

Decision makers increasingly acknowledge theneed to work together to address challenges re-lated to international food security. At the HighLevel Meeting on Food Security for All in Madridin January, key decision makers considered howto move forward on the Comprehensive Frame-work for Action (CFA). The Platform coordinatedmember input to the event and co-chaired around table on the need to harmonise and alignefforts.

The outcome of the meeting was a statementstressing the need to mobilise additional re-sources for food security in poor countries and tocoordinate the use of these resources in a betterway through the High Level Task Force (HLTF).Consensus on the need for broad-based, inclu-sive partnerships to promote food security – in-volving civil society and the private sector at

national, regional and global levels – led to theestablishment of a Global Partnership for Agri-culture and Food Security (GPAFS). The Platformis now working with the HLTF and GPAFS pro-cesses to move these agendas forward.

Contributing to coherent policieson agriculture and food security

The global debate on food security that followedthe food price crisis of 2007/08 led to a broaderawareness in the public and willingness of politi-cal circles to address the need for more coherentrural development policies in line with the ParisDeclaration and Accra Agenda for Action. Seizingthe opportunity of these developments at thetime, the OECD Development Cooperation Direc-torate and the Platform organised the Policy Dia-logue on High Food Prices: Outlook and DonorMid-term Response in Paris in February. The dia-logue helped shape the OECD policy advice forenhancing food security in a coordinated manner.

• Major agricultural investment – and acqui-sition of rights to land and related re-sources in the developing world – is anemerging issue. In 2009, various stakehold-ers including G8 leaders called for agree-ment on principles for responsible invest-ment. Appropriate land governance is criti-cal to food security and development out-comes.

• The Platform seeks to harmonise the ef-forts of member organisations working onland issues. Launching this process, Plat-form members – the World Bank, Food andAgriculture Organization (FAO), SwissAgency for Development and Cooperation

(SDC), and the International Fund for Agri-cultural Development (IFAD) – togetherwith representatives of the United NationsConference on Trade and Development(UNCTAD), took part in discussions on waysto coordinate responses at a round tableheld in New York in September concur-rently with the 64th United Nations GeneralAssembly. The round table was organisedby the Government of Japan.

• Addressing appropriate land governance –by keeping members informed and sharinginformation – will be a key thrust for thePlatform in 2010.

l Answering the call for a coordinated global response tomajoragricultural investment and acquisition of rights to land

Uganda – HoimaKibaale Districts Inte-

grated Community De-velopment Project.

A potential credit ap-plicant and member of

the Busiisi SIDAwomen’s group works

on her food crop.Achieving the MDGs

requires strong part-nerships between

countries and develop-ment agencies.

Photo byRadhika Chalasani.IFAD photo library.

Improving incomes andaccess to markets inIndonesia. MuhamidSiudi and his wife NurHalima with one oftheir calves at their Po-syandu Sapi, or BabyCow Clinic. Australia’ssupport for ruralgrowth aims to helpgrow the economy,create employment andalleviate poverty formen and women.

Photo by Josh Estey.AusAID photo library.

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 15

Enhancing support to smallholderagriculture as a key to food security

Any initiatives to avert future food securitycrises must include long-term support tosmallholder agriculture. Again seeking to en-hance understanding and gain support at thehighest levels, Platform members at the G8Summit called for donor coordination and sup-port for small farmers in agricultural and ruraldevelopment programmes – the L’Aquila State-ment issued at the close of the summit en-dorsed both principles. Donors at the summitcommitted to mobilise US$20 billion over threeyears to agricultural and rural development.

As a signatory to the L’Aquila Statement,the Platform subsequently took part in theRoad from L’ Aquila meeting in Washington inSeptember, and the World Summit on FoodSecurity in Rome in November. Here, a startwas made on tracking commitments made atL’Aquila and translating them into action.

Donors commit US$20 billionfor agricultural and ruraldevelopment

Citing the Accra Agenda for Action, the G8Summit called for investments to be lever-aged according to the principles of develop-ment effectiveness – donor coordination,adherence to government developmentstrategies, partnerships with the private sec-tor and civil society, country ownership,knowledge-based policy and capacity devel-opment. Responding to this call, donorscommitted to mobilising over US$20 billionover three years to agricultural and rural de-velopment.

// Strengthening intersectoral linkages

Research agencies, civil society organisations,networks and private sector actors each occupyan important and integral part of internationaldevelopment processes. As such, those organi-sations sharing the Platform’s interests need tobe brought into discussions on rural develop-ment, the effectiveness of aid and their role in

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“We are determined to improvecoordination of financing mecha-nisms and stand ready to ensurethat new resources complement

existing facilities and programmesand catalyse additional funds

around country-owned strategies,in particular to increase food

production, improve access to foodand empower smallholder farmers togain access to enhanced inputs,

technologies, credit and markets.”L’Aquila Joint Statement on Global

Food Security, L’AquilaFood Security

Initiative (AFSI), G8 July 2009

Working to improve rurallivelihoods and food

security through the Seedsof Life programme, with

support from theAustralian Centre for Inter-

national AgriculturalResearch.

Photo by Philippa Vennin.AusAID photo library.

moving development forward. Their involvementwill nurture more inclusive development pro-cesses and ownership of outcomes.

The research community and ruraladvisory services

The 15th Annual Consultation Meeting of theNeuchâtel Initiative hosted by the Food and Agri-culture Organization (FAO) in Assisi in Septembertook bold steps to reinvigorate support for ruraladvisory services. The outcome of this meetingwas an agreement to initiate a Global Forum forRural Advisory Services (GPRAS). The initiative, tobe launched at the Global Conference on Agricul-tural Research for Development (GCARD) 2010 inMontpellier, envisions a role for the Platform asthe link between GPRAS and the donor community.

The Platform continued to strengthen its linkswith the research community through a jointworkshop with the European Initiative for Agricul-tural Research for Development (EIARD) inEschborn in November. Workshop participantsunderscored the importance of:

• Greater investment in agricultural educationand extension

• Strengthening demand-driven research toserve the needs of smallholders and repre-sentative farmers’ organisations

The private sector

The Platform took advantage of opportunities toconnect with the private sector, for example atAgriBusiness Forum 2009: Boosting AgriculturalProductivity for Economic Growth in Africa inCape Town in June. In his presentation, PlatformVice-Chair Brian Baldwin highlighted the role ofinternational financial institutions and donor or-ganisations in creating conditions for increasedinvestment in agricultural development.

Civil society

Two events hosted by the Czech Presidency of theEuropean Union in 2009 provided openings for thePlatform to engage with and strengthen linkswith civil society.

At a meeting on Effectiveness in Aid To Agricul-ture hosted by Czech Action to Strengthen FoodSecurity in February, the French DevelopmentAgency (AFD), European Commission (EC), UKDepartment for International Development (DFID)and the Platform secretariat highlighted the im-portance of donor coordination, and outlined beststrategies and approaches for development effec-tiveness on behalf of the Platform.

Representing the Platform at the Conference onCivil Society Organisations Aid Effectiveness inJune, the Canadian International DevelopmentAgency (CIDA) advocated for improved donor-civilsociety coordination in line with the Accra Agendafor Action.

// Promoting harmonisation and alignmentfor more effective aid

The Paris Declaration and the Accra Agenda forAction have strengthened the resolve of donors toalign their efforts and provide more joined-up as-sistance to partner governments. The Platform, asa neutral convenor, builds consensus and sharesbest practice in the donor community to adapt theprinciples of aid effectiveness to the realities ofrural development. In 2009 the Platform passed amilestone towards this goal when it adapted theprinciples of aid effectiveness to the sector-spe-cific realities in agriculture and rural development.

Platform endorses Joint Donor Principles forAgriculture and Rural Development Programmes

The Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture andRural Development Programmes are a prime ex-

16 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

ample of the value added by Platform processesto individual efforts. Extensive consultations al-lowed successive drafts of the principles to inte-grate the considerable feedback gathered atmeetings and in partner countries, culminating intheir endorsement in 2009. Based on the princi-ples, the Platform has developed guidelines forharmonising support for country-led agricultureand rural development in Africa that are alreadybeing followed by donors and governments.

Work on aid effectiveness to pickup pace in 2010

The Platform’s aid effectiveness work is ex-pected to pick up pace in 2010 as Platform mem-bers prepare for the 4th High Level Forum inSeoul in 2011. Just as it did in Accra, the Plat-form will contribute its donor coordination andrural development expertise throughout theSeoul process. Through the kindling Seoul pro-cess and in all its work, the Platform will con-tinue to advance understanding of assistance toagriculture and rural development as inherentlymore effective in reducing poverty than aid to othersectors, and vital to the world’s food security.

// Strengthening donor coordina-tion in support of CAADP

The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Develop-ment Programme (CAADP) is an African led andowned framework for agricultural development,set up under the New Partnership for Africa’sDevelopment (NEPAD) – an initiative imple-mented by the African Union (AU) and the NEPADPlanning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA). A ve-hicle for aligning diverse stakeholders toward aset of commonly agreed objectives, CAADP em-bodies the principles of the Paris Declaration onAid Effectiveness and Accra Agenda for Action.Founded on similar values and committed toCAADP’s success, the Platform facilitates donorcoordination in support of its implementation.

Principles – a milestone inaid coordination

• The Joint Donor Principles for Agricultureand Rural Development Programmes: In-centives for Change – the Paris Decla-ration and Accra Agenda for Actionprinciples tailored to rural development.

Putting principles into practice

During the year, the Platform also distributedtwo new publications setting out best prac-tices

• Tracking Results in Agriculture and RuralDevelopment in Less-Than-Ideal Condi-tions was in high demand in 2009 bymembers and by agriculture and rural de-velopment practitioners in developingcountries. It is a sourcebook on results-based indicators and workable approachesfor monitoring and evaluating agricultureand rural development programmes.

• Sharpening the Rural Focus of Poverty Re-duction Strategies promotes goodpractices in poverty reduction strategies,national development strategies, relatedexpenditure frameworks and sector budgetprocesses.

// Consolidating support

Through the CAADP Development Partners’Task Team, Platform members work in tandemto coordinate their support for CAADP.

In 2009 these efforts attained new ground.

The Donors and Partners Meeting, coorganisedby the African Union Commission and the Plat-

k

A Ghanaian womanworks in a rice proces-sing centre. In Ghana,45 per cent of the popu-lation lives on less thanone US$ a day. Agricul-ture is helping to reducepoverty and stimulatethe country’s economy.The Platform seeks toincrease the overalleffectiveness of aid inrural development.

Photo byRoger LeMoyne.© ACDI-CIDA.

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 17

PDF

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form in Addis Ababa in September, provided aunique opportunity for representatives of deve-lopment partners from both headquarter andfield offices, African governments and regionalinstitutions to build concensus, strategies andprocesses for supporting CAADP as the African-led initiative to boost agricultural productivity.Within this context, much thought was given tothe best modalities and principles for stream-lining donor support to the CAADP process. Itled to the endorsement of the Guidelines forDonor Support to CAADP Process at a CountryLevel. The guidelines are already leading tomore effective donor engagement amid quick-ening CAADP implementation.

Guide to harmonisingsupport for ruraldevelopment in Africa

• The Guidelines for Donor Support toCAADP Process at a Country Level, jointlypublished by the African Union Commis-sion (AUC) and the Platform, and endorsedby the AUC and 13 development partners,will have far-reaching positive impacts onthe way donors respond to the imperativesof agriculture in Africa. The guidelines areavailable in English and French onthe Platform website.

Comprising representatives from about half ofthe Platform member organisations, the CAADPDevelopment Partners’ Task Team works infor-mally, agreeing on action by consensus. As wellas encouraging ongoing communication onCAADP, members of the task team arrangeside meetings at major agricultural confer-ences and workshops to consolidate support.

Engaging effectively withCAADP

Platform activities bring about greater trustand understanding between the donor com-munity and key continental, regional and na-tional agencies in Africa. In 2009 the CAADPDevelopment Partners Task Team

• Advocated for political buy-in to CAADP atthe global level

• Strengthened the drive for Platform mem-bers to increase support to key CAADP ac-tors such as farmers’ organisations

• Established communication betweenCAADP and global initiatives and networkson African agriculture

• Provided planning and organisational sup-port to CAADP Partnership Platform meet-ings

• Supported conceptualisation and develop-ment of regional CAADP compacts

• Directly engaged with country-level donorgroups concerned with agriculture on therole of development partners in the CAADPprocess

• Provided political, organisational and tech-nical support to CAADP-generated pro-cesses of investment appraisal at countrylevel

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18 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

A greenhouseprospers in the moun-

tains of Peru, thanks tocooperation

between local andCanadian organisations.

Half of Peru’s 27million people are

poor, with five millionliving in extreme

poverty on less than adollar a day.

Photo byJoshua Kraemer.

© ACDI-CIDA

PDF PDF

// CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund

The Platform strongly supports the establish-ment of the CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund(MDTF). A joint financing facility set up at andmanaged by the World Bank, the MDTF is amechanism for channelling financial supportfor CAADP processes to get agriculture inAfrica moving in the right direction.

// Key stakeholders reaffirm commitment

Key CAADP stakeholders took a further stepforward in consolidating their support for theprogramme at CAADP Day, held on the eve ofthe 13th African Union Summit, in Tripoli inJune. Important players in Africa and the inter-national development community used the op-portunity to reaffirm their commitment toCAADP. The development partners who tookpart further underscored the importance ofcountry ownership and coalition building inagriculture.

// Ongoing engagement

Two Partnership Platform meetings held in2009 gave development partners the opportu-nity to hold comprehensive discussions withAfrican Union institutions entrusted withCAADP oversight.

The 4th Partnership Platform in Pretoria inMarch laid the foundations for robust and coor-dinated engagement of in-country developmentpartners with the CAADP agenda. At the 5thPartnership Platform, development partnersofficially committed to the Guidelines for DonorSupport to the CAADP Process at a CountryLevel, and to a CAADP Mutual AccountabilityFramework.

Contributing to the momentum, the CAADPDonors and Partners meeting in Addis Ababa inSeptember set a new precedent by gatheringdonors and CAADP institutions under a singleroof.

// Keeping the momentum

The Platform will seek to maximise the ex-change of CAADP experiences to ensure Plat-form members’ support to agriculture in Africabenefits from engagement with the CAADPagenda. In 2010 this will involve donor coordi-nation around CAADP through three main activ-ities:

• Supporting the implementation of Guide-lines for Donor Support to CAADP Processat a Country-Level

• Developing and implementing a CAADP Mu-tual Accountability Framework

• Providing planning and organisational assis-tance to the convening of CAADP Partner-ship Platform meetings

Participants of CAADPDay in Tripoli in June.

Jeff Hill (USAID) andSalifou Ousseini (ECO-WAS) at the 5th CAADPPartnership Platformmeeting in Abuja inNovember.

Photos by PlatformandNEPAD Secretariats.

The CAADP Multi-Donor TrustFund is a means to build

African capacity to effectivelylead, implement, monitor andevaluate CAADP processes andsupport the formulation of

investment programmes of CAADPthrough harnessing Africa’s own

capacities and globalbest practices.

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 19

// Linking rural developmentand climate change

Agriculture and forestry account for over a thirdof greenhouse gas emissions. Farmers in de-veloping countries are likely to be amongstthose most affected by climate change. With theworld’s population set to grow to over nine bil-lion people in 2050 and increasing demand foragricultural outputs, climate change threatensto reduce agricultural productivity and furtherimperil global food security.

Any measures to address climate changeshould embrace farmers’ potential to mitigateemissions and sequester carbon, while helpingto build their resilience and adapt to climatechange. For example, carbon trading schemescould include payments to the rural poor formanaging landscapes and governments couldprovide incentives for rural communities to se-quester carbon. Such international mecha-nisms must in turn be mainstreamed in deve-lopment partners’ support for rural develop-ment.

// Positioning agriculture on the climatechange agenda

In 2009 the Platform drew together membersand partners to focus minds on this key mes-sage. Its aim was to get agriculture and ruraldevelopment written into the agreement at the15th Conference of Parties (COP15) of theUnited Nations Framework Convention on Cli-mate Change (UNFCCC) in Copenhagen in De-cember.

Rural development, climatechange and poverty

Agriculture plays an important role in devel-opment:

• The world will need to feed 9.1 billion peo-ple by 2050 and at the same time reducepoverty through agricultural growth

• Agriculture is the mainstay of 75 per centof the developing world’s poor and anymeasures to build resilience to climatechange must involve agriculture

• Agriculture, as a major emitter of green-house gases, is both part of the challengeand – with its potential to mitigate emis-sions and sequester carbon – part of thesolution

• Agriculture is important for safeguardingthe environment

COP15 fell short of expectations. But for theagriculture and rural development communityCopenhagen brought about important progress,including a broad shift towards greater recogni-tion of the roles of agriculture, food securityand development in the climate change debate.It also instigated the fomentation of a broadcoalition of agriculture, development andforestry stakeholders, working in tandem to ad-vance dialogue and understanding on the waystheir constituents affect and interact with theglobal climate architecture.

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A seedling farm thatgenerates income for

women in southernSomalia. The seedlings

are planted wheretrees were cut down

for wood. These com-munities could benefit

from payments forsequestering carbon to

mitigate climatechange.

Photo byPeter Smerdon.

WFP photo library.

20 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

// Progress at COP15

Progress in agriculture,forestry and food security

Despite the shortcomings of the 15th Confer-ence of the Parties (COP15) in Copenhagen,progress was made both inside and outsidethe negotiations in relation to agriculture,forestry and food security:

• Recognition that agriculture needs to bepart of an eventual climate change agree-ment

• Calls for the establishment of a mecha-nism, including Reducing Emissions fromDeforestation and Forest DegradationCountries (REDD plus) for mobilisingfinancial resources

• Pledges of US$150 billion to a Global Re-search Alliance on Agricultural Green-house Gases by 21 countries

• Establishment of a Copenhagen Green Cli-mate Fund of US$30 billion in the period2010–12, increasing to US$100 billion by2020

// Advancing agriculture at Copenhagenand beyond

• Tracking the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)negotiating texts – the Platform supportedagriculture and rural development stake-holders’ efforts to lobby the case of agricul-ture and rural development throughout thenegotiation process

• Convening key stakeholders – the Platformfacilitated the development of a set of mes-sages, shared by the agriculture andforestry communities, to be fed into the UN-FCCC negotiations

COP15 left observersdisappointed – for ARDstakeholders it markeda shift towards greaterrecognition of agricul-ture in the climatechange debate.

Photo:Platform secretariat

Advancing Agriculture ina Copenhagen AgreedOutcome and Beyond,coorganised by the Plat-form and the EuropeanCommission in Brusselsin June, enabled keystakeholders to agree aroad map for engage-ment at COP15

Photos:Platform secretariat.

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 21

// Updating stakeholders

The UNFCCC negotiating texts representing thetwo tracks of negotiations – the Ad Hoc WorkingGroup on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) and Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Com-mitments for Annex I Parties under the KyotoProtocol (AWG-KP) – were long and complex.

Cutting through the clutter, a series of eight Plat-form Issue Papers tracked key passages relating toagriculture as they evolved over the course of the

year. The papers also stressed the multiple divi-dends to be gained by channelling climate changefinances into agriculture and rural development,including supporting populations in poor countriesto adapt to climate change and mitigate carbonemissions while contributing to world food security.

The papers helped stakeholders synthesise theirpositions on agriculture and climate change, and toalert their governments and negotiators to keyrisks and opportunities as the negotiations pro-gressed.

Issue Paper No. 1: Taking Stock after theBonn Climate Change Talks• Analyses the achievements for agriculture

and rural development

Issue Paper No. 2: Addressing theTechnicalities• Identifies the challenges for effectively

mitigating emissions from agriculture andhelping farmers adapt to climate change

Issue Paper No. 3: An ARD Roadmap toCopenhagen• Lists the events leading up to UNFCCC

COP15

Issue Paper No. 4:Why and How to IncludeAgriculture in a Post-2012 Agreement• Sets out issues to be addressed for agri-

culture by a post-2012 agreements

Issue Paper No. 5: Agriculture in the Long-term Cooperative Action• Analyses the latest negotiating text for the

Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-termCooperative Action (AWG-LCA)

• Identifies agriculture issues to beaddressed by negotiators

• Highlights references to agriculture in theLong-term Cooperative Action (LCA) nego-tiating text for climate change talks inBonn, 10–14 August

Issue Paper No. 6: Agriculture in the ClimateChange Negotiations• Analyses the latest negotiating text for the

Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-termCooperative Action (AWG-LCA)

• Identifies agriculture issues to be ad-dressed by negotiators

• Gives reasons for including agriculture inpost-2012 agreements

• Highlights recent research and researchgaps

Issue Paper No. 7: Issues for Barcelona• Gives reasons for including agriculture in

post-2012 agreements• Highlights recent research and research

gaps

Issue Paper No. 8: Agriculture and Copen-hagen

• Elaborates how agriculture features in thenegotiation texts

• Sets out the arguments for includingagriculture in a COP15 agreement

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22 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Niger has been sever-ely affected by a foodcrisis aggravated by

drought and locust in-vasions. The Platformworks to link agricul-

ture, food security andclimate change on

global agendas.

Photo byBenedicte Pansier.WFP photo library.

PDF

On the eve of COP15,Issue Paper No. 8:

Agriculture and Copen-hagen high-

lighted negotiating textpassages relating to

agriculture.

Keeping stakeholders up-to-date on the UNFCCC negotiating text

Agriculture andforestry constituenciesjoined forces at an offi-cial COP15 side-event,where they stressedthat any climatechange deal needs torecognise the potentialcontribution of forestryand agriculture to cli-mate change adapta-tion and mitigation.

Photo:Platform secretariat.

Forestry and agriculture arewhere poverty reduction, food

security and climate change cometogether and must be addressed in

an integrated fashion.

Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 23

US Secretary of Agri-culture Tom Vilsack athis key note addressat Agriculture andRural DevelopmentDay 2009 expressinghis vision that climatechange would be a de-fining issue for thecommunity in the co-ming decades. He alsomade time to partici-pate in a number ofbreak-out sessions atthe event.

Photo:Platform secretariat.

// Influencing Copenhagen

The Platform’s main objective at COP15 was tostress the links between agriculture and cli-mate change. To ensure negotiators heard themessages, members worked in a consortium oflike-minded partners to agree on common po-sitions.

Agriculture and Rural Development Day, amajor event coorganised by the Platform, theConsultative Group on International Agricul-tural Research (CGIAR), the International Fed-eration of Agricultural Producers (IFAP) and theUniversity of Copenhagen, clearly set out howsmall farmers in developing countries canmake a difference to climate change. A jointstatement produced at the event was later fedinto the negotiations via an official COP15 sideevent titled Beyond Copenhagen: Agricultureand Forestry are Part of the Solution. Hosted byagriculture and forestry stakeholders, the eventspelled out the key messages on agriculture,development and forestry to be addressed onthe negotiating floor.

Why agriculture is part ofthe solution to climate change

Participants at Agriculture and Rural Devel-opment Day argued that UNFCCC negotia-tions should recognise that agriculture ispart of the solution to climate change.

Endorsing the proposed target of cuttinggreenhouse gas emissions to avoid a tem-perature increase of more than 2° Celsiusthey stressed that:

• Reducing greenhouse gas emissions fromagriculture is essential for achieving thetarget

• Farmers and researchers are already findingclimate change solutions that reduce emis-sions while increasing agricultural produc-tion sustainably and will continue to do so

• While adapting to unpredictable conditions,agriculture must double food production tomeet the food needs of nine billion by 2050without increasing emissions

• Substantially more financing and invest-ment will be needed across the entire ruralvalue chain. New investments must ensurethat adaptation and mitigation are not un-dermined by reducing support for globalfood security and rural development

• New investment must be accessible to allstakeholders, including researchers andcivil society, and especially farmers andtheir associations

• Climate negotiators must agree to set up awork programme for agriculture under theSubsidiary Body for Scientific and Techno-logical Advice (SBSTA) immediately

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New skills andtraining in areas of

northern Ghanawhere jobs are few

will help familiessurvive, adapt to

changes in climateand boost the local

economy.

Photo byRoger LeMoyne.

© ACDI-CIDA.

Key messages on agricultureand forestry for negotiators

Beyond Copenhagen: Agriculture andForestry are Part of the Solution spelled outa set of messages for the COP15 negotiators

• Food security must be integrated into theLong-term Cooperative Action text in orderto open the door for support for adaptationand mitigation measures in agriculture

• A work programme on agriculture shouldbe launched immediately under the Sub-sidiary Body for Scientific and Technologi-cal Advice (SBSTA)

• Reducing Emissions from Deforestationand Forest Degradation (REDD) schemesshould include agriculture, forestry andother land uses

• The Land Use, Land Use Change andForestry (LULUCF) accounting systemneeds to be favourable to agriculture

• Strengthen cross-sector cooperation to ad-dress the drivers of deforestation, enhancesustainable agricultural growth and fosterrural development

// Moving agriculture forward from theCopenhagen Accord

The Copenhagen Accord provides four main av-enues for the Platform to move forward on link-ing agriculture and rural development toclimate change:

1. Donors and developing countries can allo-cate some of the US$30 billion fast trackfunding to programmes for adapting agricul-ture to climate change and mitigating its ef-fects.

2. Donors and developing countries can supportthe development of REDD++ and address theissue of agriculture as one of the maindrivers of deforestation.

3. Donors can support developing countriesthat indicate that their agricultural sectorcould play a role in mitigating climatechange.

4. Systems for monitoring, reporting and verifi-cation should be developed so as to embraceagriculture.

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24 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

// Building on success

Encouraged by the success in bringing togethera high-calibre consortium of actors on agricul-ture and rural development in Copenhagen, thePlatform Agriculture and Climate ChangeWorking Group is determined to redouble itsefforts in 2010. Alliances with civil society andfarmer organisations will strengthen theseefforts.

The Working Group plans to continue to supportdiscussion within and outside UNFCCC pro-cesses. Work in support of agriculture and cli-mate change linkages will be guided by twomain goals:

• To mainstream agriculture, rural develop-ment and food security in the internationalclimate change debate.

• To mainstream climate change in develop-ment partners’ agriculture and rural devel-opment programming.

To do this the Working Group will seek tostrengthen the alliances and consensus builtamong agriculture and forestry stakeholders in2009. Not least, the Platform will step up workto engage developing countries in discussionson the climate change and agriculture agenda.

• It will encourage decision on a Work Pro-gramme on Agriculture by the SubsidiaryBody for Scientific and Technical Advice of theUNFCCC, which will meet in Bonn in June.

• Through Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentDay 2010, it will seek to influence negotia-tions at COP16 in Cancun.

• Several publications, infomails and constantcommunication between Platform membersand partners will help fuel the momentum.

Agronomists inspect afield of sorghum inMali. Sorghum ranksfifth worldwide amongcereals after maize,rice, wheat and barley.CIDA supports projectsthat help farmers inMali to improve theirharvests and thus eatbetter.

Photo byPierre St-Jacques.© ACDI-CIDA

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Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 25

// Budget and expenditure

Platform activities are funded by annual mem-bership contributions towards the Platformtrust fund managed by GTZ. Members contri-buting €50,000 annually or more qualify for fullmembership and a seat on the board. Followinga network evaluation in 2008, the Platform em-barked on a process to improve its focus andstrategic direction. The process led to the for-mulation of the strategic plan 2009–2011, onwhich the work programme 2009 and the bud-get 2009 were built.

// Contributions 2009

In 2009 the number of full members increasedfrom nine to 13. The introduction of a strategicplan allowed members to make longer termcommitments for the first time. Three mem-bers signed three-year contribution agree-ments by the end of 2009.

Overall, member contributions into the trust fundto implement the work programme rose by 85%from €856,154 in 2008 to €1,587,537 in 2009.These contributions included an amount of€110,783 earmarked for the CAADP donor–part-ner meeting as well as co-organising AgricultureDay at the COP15 in Copenhagen. The balance of€1,476,754 were untied contributions.

// Budget and Expenditure 2009

Actual expenditure in 2009 reached €1,050,372- which was not only less than the approvedbudget of €1,465,045 but also less than whathad been received in terms of contributions.Most contributions were made for implementa-tion periods other than the calendar year 2009and allow for implementation well into 2010. Inaddition, some activities planned for 2009 wereshifted into 2010 such as the Platform AnnualGeneral Assembly and Land Day. Besides, someactivities carried out in 2009 will only incur ex-penses in 2010 at the time when invoices arepaid. Substantial cases are the expenses re-lated to Agriculture Day and COP15.

26 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Contributions 2009 Expenditure Balance(in €) (in €) (in €)

Platform Trust Fund 1,587,537 1,050,372 537,165

k

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

OUTPUT 1: Advocacy Euro

Support implementation of CFA and GPAFS 0

Strengthen outreach to CSOs 0

Develop and strengthen membership 0

Strengthen links with agriculture research (joint workshop) 126

Identify themes for targeted messages, disseminated and advanced Themes 0

Finalise JPs, disseminate and refine as needed 0

Adapt lessons learned from JPs and KM for advocacy use 0

Support HLF Food Prices Madrid, January 0

Support AU Summit on Agriculture 0

Support members towards COP 15 0

Co-organize international conference with member agency 0

OECD Policy Dialougue on Food Prices, February 9,267

Knowledge event Rural Week 0

CAADP PPs and advocacy in HQs 0

Agriculture day COP 15 14,668

Land Day 0

Co-organize international conference with member agency 0

Facilitate participation of and participate at identified HLFs and other events 5,714

Layout & Print Jobs 41,310

Proportionate staff cost Advocacy (%) 172,618

Proportionate travels 42,224

Sub total 1: OUTPUT 1 285,927

// Expenditures and financial contributions for the activitiesof the Global Donor Platform for Rural Development in 2009

// Financial Overview

Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 27

28 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

OUTPUT 2: Fostering Knowledge Euro

Implement a scoping KM exercise 0

Develop and implement a realistic KM system 0

Further develop webpage as Web 2.0 instrument, provide informationvia e-mail and webcalendar 35,645

Organize regular telephone and videoconferences 7,875

Organise and implement the Annual General Assembly 2,404

Organise and implement bi-annual Board 767

Host knowledge event on climate change and ARD 27,266

Prepare and disseminate regular newsletter 0

Identify contentious/emerging issues and facilitate discussion 5,696

Develop and provide ARD/AE training for: policy practicioners 532

- In Country, Africa and Asia 19,338

Joint Knowledge piece 0

Prepare Platform policy briefs and discussion papers 36,126

Review seminal major publication 0

Implement scoping exercise and design monitoring system 0

Assessment of national, regional and sub-regional level ARD donor coordination in Africa 668

Oversee study on post-compact funding, policy reorientation CAADP 0

Planning and organisational assistance for members and African partners for CAADP 0

Support implementation of PP deliberations 0

CAADP day 0

CAADP donor partner meeting 48,154

proportionate staff cost Knowledge (%) 224,403

proportionate travels 42,685

Sub-total 2: OUTPUT 2 451,559

The World FoodProgramme in

Ethiopia, Managing En-vironmental Resources

to Enable Transition(MERET), supports

sustainable land andwater management

and increasedproductivity in food-

insecure communities.MERET was recognized

at the CopenhagenClimate Conference atthe end of 2009 as oneof the ways forward tocombat climat change.

It has great potentialfor countries that are

unable to withstandclimate shocks and

proves how communitybased land and watermanagement can haltserious deterioration

of the environment.

Photo Mario Di Bari.WFP photo library.

Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 29

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

Platform Management and Governance Euro

Secretariat Coordinator

Task Leader ARD policy

Communications officer

CAADP Task Leader

Junior Professional Officer

Office assistant

Finance Administrator (50%)

Platform Interns

sub total personell (not put forward) 466,068

Proportionate Staff cost Management % 69,047

Office rent, communication 69,396

Office equipment 6,646

Independent ext. Evaluation 38,198

Financial and contract management 8,760

Office Assistance/Management 0

Sub-total 3: Management and Governance 192,047

Total OUTPUT 929,533

GTZ Indirect Support Costs (ISC) 120,839

Total expenditures in 2009 1,050,372

Table 2. Financial Contributions to the Platform 2009 Euro

CIDA 92,838

SDC 50,000

DFID 162,502

EC 500,000

Global Mechanism of UNCCD 45,755

IFAD 50,000

Irish Aid 25,000

Ministry od Foreign Affairs – France 50,000

Ministry od Foreign Affairs – Netherlands 25,000

SIDA 80,753

The World Bank 60,783

BMZ 444,906

Total financial contributions to the Platform received in 2009 1,587,537

Difference to expenditures 2009 537,165

Diversestrengths

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ODA commitments toagriculture, forestryand fisheries fellfrom 12.9% in 1985to 3.8% in 2006.While rising in ab-solute terms, as aproportion of officialdevelopment assis-tance investments inrural developmentcontinue to fall short.The Platform isworking to raise theprofile and priority ofARD

Diverse strengths

Members constitute the buildingblocks of the Platform. Through the

Platform they align their approaches.Their diverse perspectives andstrengths broaden the Platform,

enhancing its capacity to influenceagriculture and rural development

policy landscapes.

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The year 2009 saw the global financial crisisreach its climax. Governments took bold stepsto avert turmoil in world markets, and to secureadequate food supplies for their populations inthe future. In this atmosphere of reflection andreform, the Platform encouraged donors to en-sure that recent increases in aid to agricultureand rural development were not lost, but ratheraccelerated to prepare for future challenges in-cluding climate change, population growth andland use.

Today, the L’Aquila Food Security Initiative andthe Global Partnership for Agriculture and FoodSecurity (GPAFS) provide frameworks that helpgovernments keep their commitments and co-ordinate their responses to the needs of therural poor. Progress with CAADP implementa-tion shows that the principles of aid effective-ness can indeed be transformed into tangibleoutcomes at regional and national levels.

The first part of this annual report revisited thechallenges that confronted the agriculture andrural development community in 2009 from thePlatform’s particular perspective as a convener,advocate and knowledge broker. This secondpart narrows in on what Platform members didindividually. It distils their diverse priorities andapproaches, and forebodes the processes andinterventions to be carried by the Platformthrough 2010.

// Improving trends in developmentaid to agriculture

Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 31

14 %

12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0

mill

iuon

US$

International ODA to agriculture, forestry and fishingat constant prices 2008

1983

1084

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Agriculture, Forestry, FishingPercent of total ODA

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

FONDS AFRICAIN DE DEVELOPPEMEN

T

AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND

BANQ

UEAFR

ICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT

African Development Bank Group (AfDB)l

AfDB aims to assist African countries – individuallyand collectively – in their efforts to achieve sustain-able economic development and social progress.

AfDB also finalised the strategy, planning and pro-cedures for three pilot projects for the Africa Fertil-izer Financing Mechanism and launched afive-year plan to improve agricultural water man-agement.

// AfDB investment portfolio inagriculture, forestry, fisheries

// AfDB and the Platform

The bank has used Platform reports to in-form its work in areas such as agriculturalinfrastructure development, natural re-sources management, and environment andclimate change

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Evaluation of AfDB and IFAD work in AfricaDuring 2009, AfDB and the International Fund forAgricultural Development completed a joint evalu-ation of their agriculture and rural developmentpolicies and operations in Africa. The findings willguide the two organisations’ future work. Both areimportant actors in agriculture and rural develop-ment, until recently contributing around half themultilateral official development assistance toagriculture and rural development.

// Africa Fertilizer Financing MechanismIn 2009, AfDB prepared and finalised the strategy,operational plan for 2009-2011, the proceduresmanual and three pilot projects for the AfricaFertilizer Financing Mechanism. As US$10 mil-lion is still needed to start the fund, the Govern-ing Council set up two high-level committees tomobilise financing.

// Congo Basin Forest FundAfDB is responsible for the general operation ofthe CBFF, which helps people and institutions inthe Congo Basin better manage forests, in a waythat enables them to make a living by conservingthe forests and reducing the rate of deforestation.In 2009, CBFF recruited staff and a fund manage-ment agent, approved the operational proceduresmanual and organised an event at the Copen-hagen climate change summit in December.

// Climate for Development in Africa ProgrammeClimDev-Africa is a strategic framework foradapting to climate variability and change led bythe African Union Commission, the United Na-tions Economic Commission for Africa and AfDB.

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

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50

02005 2006 2007 2008 2009

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US$

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curr

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s

AfDB investment portfolio inagriculture, forestry, fisheries

32 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths AfDB l

The African Development Bank supports ClimDev-Africa through two related initiatives. The first isa US$30 million institutional support project. Thiswill strengthen the capacities of four African re-gional climate centres to generate relevant cli-matic information and make it widely available tosupport development planning. In the second ini-tiative, the bank has endorsed the creation of theClimDev-Africa Special Fund, a multi-donor facil-ity to finance the framework’s activities.

// Agricultural water and water storageIn 2009, AfDB launched a five-year plan to im-prove agricultural water management on 500,000hectares and boost water storage capacity by atleast one per cent, or 8.5 billion cubic metres. To-gether with partners, AfDB will mobilise invest-ments to achieve these targets.

// AfDB lessons learnedTo improve project effectiveness, projects shouldbe designed with fewer and easily implementedcomponents. Projects are more effective wheneffort is divided among development partnersaccording to their comparative strengths.

// Priorities

Agriculture infrastructure development:US$318.74 million

Natural resources management, environmentand climate change: US$127.62 million

(The sums given here are disbursed over theproject life, on average five years.)

afdb.org/en/

afdb.org/en/topics-sectors/initiatives-partner-ships/congo-basin-forest-fund/

Building today, a betterAfrica tomorrow

WWW

WWW

AfDB Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 33l

Asian Development Bank (ADB)l

The Operational Plan for Sustainable Food Se-curity defines ADB’s approach, which is pro-grammatic, multi-sectoral and complementsthe work of development partners and spe-cialised agencies. The bank’s approach alsoemphasises long-term support for agriculturaland natural resources research.

During 2009, ADB collaborated with partners toidentify key research needs and priorities forsustainable food security in Asia and the Pa-cific. ADB also works with the Association ofSoutheast Asian Nations Plus Three (APT) todevelop its integrated food security frameworkand strategic plan of action.

// ADB aid to agriculture andrural development

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

In 2009 ADB collaborated with the Asia PacificAssociation of Agricultural Research Institu-tions and the Global Forum on Agricultural Re-search to identify key agricultural and naturalresources research needs. The results wereused to recommend research priorities and im-plementation mechanisms for sustainable foodsecurity in Asia and the Pacific.

ADB also assists APT with its integrated foodsecurity framework and strategic plan of action.Specifically, the project will help authorities de-velop a business model for a regional rice re-serve, expanding rice trade in the region andbroadening the outreach of the food security in-formation system.

// Showcase

// PublicationsADB published three major reports on agricul-ture in the Asia–Pacific region in 2009.

• Singh, R.B. Regional Report on Agricultural Re-search for Development in the Asia-Pacific Re-gion. This report identifies researchpriorities for ADB long-term programming.

• IFPRI-ADB. Building Climate Resilience in theAgriculture Sector in Asia and the Pacific.This report evaluates the impact of climatechange on agriculture in order to inform adap-tation and mitigation policies and practices.

• ADB. Policy Implementation and Impact of Agri-culture and Natural Resources Research.This report evaluates policy implementationand the impacts of agricultural research. Itsfindings were used to develop a new operationalplan for ADB’s engagement with regard to foodsecurity.

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25

20

15

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ADB aid to agriculture and rural development

ADB aid to agriculture and rural developmentas a proportion of total ODA

34 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths ADB l

PDF

PDF

PDF

// EventsEvents during the year included a technicalmeeting on cross-border agriculture that gen-erated inputs for the Greater Mekong subregionagriculture trade facilitation strategy. ADB alsoheld a workshop to develop guidelines for waterand climate change adaptation strategies thatwill be used by ADB and the Network of AsianRiver Basin Organizations.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

// Websites

adb.org

adb.org/Documents/Books/Building-Climate-Resilience-Agriculture-Sector/default.asp

Area Programmes Amount dis- Anticipatedbursed/approved outcomes

Capacity de-velopment

Inclusivesocialdevelopment

Environmen-tal sustaina-bility

US$1.037billion

US$462million

US$1.6 mil-lion

Improved capa-city of countriesto manage watersupply and sani-tation services

Rural productivityraised throughrehabilitatedinfrastructure

Agriculturalproductivityenhanced

Water resources and natural resourcesmanagement, water supply and sanita-tion improvement

Flood damage rehabilitation

Integrated agricultural development,rural infrastructure

// Priorities

ADB Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 35l

WWW

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Fighting Poverty in Asiaand the Pacific

WWW WWW

Australian Agencyfor International Development (AusAID)

l

In the financial year 2009–2010, Australia’s Gov-ernment announced a new Food Securitythrough Rural Development budget of AU$464million over four years. This will be used toboost agricultural productivity, improve rurallivelihoods and build community resilience.Most of the budget will be spent in 2011–2012and 2012–2013.

// AusAID aid for agriculture

// AusAID aid to agriculture as aproportion of total ODA

// AusAID and the Platform

The Platform has added value by helping toguide and inform Australia’s engagement onfood security, broadly in Africa, and by devel-oping and sharing ideas on agriculture andclimate change in the build-up to the Copen-hagen summit in December 2009.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

An internal evaluation of AusAID-funded ruraldevelopment began in 2009 and is due to becompleted in mid-2010.

Other highlights include a series of initiatives,such as a new financial services strategy, beingconceptualised, designed or expanded underthe Food Security through Rural Developmentbudget measure.

Australia also launched two pilot projects in In-donesia as part of Reducing Emissions from De-forestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). Theprojects are Forest Carbon Partnerships in Kali-mantan and Sumatra.

// Priorities

Australia’s priorities are lifting agricultural pro-ductivity, improving rural livelihoods, buildingcommunity resilience and expanding financialservices for the poor. Australia is consolidatingits efforts in these priority areas rather than con-tinuing to cover agriculture and rural develop-ment more broadly.

// Showcase

The majority of poor people remain excludedfrom financial services. In 2009, therefore,AusAID began developing Financial Servicesfor the Poor: A strategy for the Australian aidprogram 2010–15. This sets out how Aus-tralia will broaden its focus on expanding ac-cess to financial services to help poor peopleimprove their standard of living. AusAID willdouble its spending in this area over the nextfew years.

100

80

60

40

20

02005 2006 2007 2008

Year

US$

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6

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02005 2006 2007 2008

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36 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths AusAID l

PDF

AusAID’s work concentrates on in its own Asia-Pacific neighbourhood, but extends to South andEast Asia, Africa and the Middle East

ausaid.gov.au/about/ausaidmap.cfm

ausaid.gov.au/publications/pubout.cfm?ID=3645_1909_4834_7583_9490&Type=PubPolicyDocu-ments&FromSection=Publications

Improving rural growthis critical for equitabledevelopment across In-donesia. The AustraliaIndonesia Partnershipaims to increase far-mers’ productivity andsupport better andmore equitable accessto markets.

Photo byJohn Gyovai© Istock

AusAID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 37l

WWW

PDF

Austrian Development Cooperation (ADC)via Federal Ministry for European andInternational Affairs of Austria/AustrianDevelopment Agency (ADA)

l

// ADC aid to agriculture, forestry,fisheries and rural development

// ADA and the Platform

In 2009 the Austrian Development Agencyand other Platform members discussed or-ganic agriculture in the context of climatechange. The Platform also added value to thework of ADA through its study on SWAps, anddiscussion papers and briefs on topics suchas bio-fuels and rural–urban linkages. ThePlatform publication Tracking Results inAgriculture and Rural Development in Less-Than-Ideal Conditions: A Sourcebook of Indi-cators for Monitoring and Evaluation alsoproved extremely helpful to Austria’s work.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

ADA focused on improving its impact on reduc-ing poverty in 2009. It did this by concentratingon results and results-based management andthe development of the sustainable capacity – inthe sense of change management – of partnersand other stakeholders. With respect to the lat-ter, some lessons learned are:

• Until recently, capacity development activitiesand benefits had been biased towards the toplevel. Austria therefore now focuses onstrengthening capacities at local levels.

• ‘Capacity traps’ are often related to power rela-tions, vested interests, access and attitudes.A detailed analysis of capacity traps is needed,but this should not be done by donors, but bythe people concerned and by local and nationalexperts and institutions.

15

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02005 2006 2007 2008

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ADC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheriesand rural development

Agriculture Fisheries ForestryRural Development

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6

4

2

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Year

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ADC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheriesas a proportion of ODA

38 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths ADC / ADA l

• The tendency is to focus on organisations andto neglect framework conditions and relation-ships. Austria therefore now considers societyas a whole – individuals, organisations and theenabling environment – and does not restrictits endeavours to agriculture and rural devel-opment.

// Showcase

// PublicationsIn 2009 ADA published a focus paper, Food se-curity – international goal and human right(in German), which outlined Austria’s responseto the food crisis. It also followed up on its 2007draft strategy paper on organic agriculture andreflected on the status of organic agriculture indevelopment cooperation.

// EventsInternal workshop and discussion on results-orientation and results-based management inrural and local development programmes in theAmhara and Somali regions of Ethiopia.

// InitiativesADA, with the participation of the concernedministries, research institutions and NGOs, setup an informal task force on the Right to Food.This has resulted in discussion papers on topicssuch as bio-fuels.

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Organicagriculture

Local econo-mic develop-ment, with afocus onagriculture

AgriculturalSWAps

Decentralisedlocal develop-ment, with afocus onagriculture,sound naturalresource ma-nagementand landissues

Support for farmers, especi-ally smallholders, in sustaina-ble production to improvetheir livelihoods

Enhanced local value chainswith a focus on smallholderfarmers, empowerment andinclusive participation amongothers

Successful implementation ofnational policy and improvedcapacities at local levels

Very much the same as localeconomic development, butwith a stronger focus on natu-ral resource management

Interventions in ADC partner countries:• Support for production and marketing of

organic products (Nicaragua)• New and continuing research and NGO

cooperation projects in organic agriculture

Interventions in ADC partner countries:• Programme supporting the local economy

and enhancement of citizens’ participation(Guatemala)

• Support for integrated forest and livestocksystems and production of cacao (Nicaragua)

ProAgri II in Mozambique (Austrian contribu-tion committed for Sofala Province)

Interventions in ADC partner countries:• Programme for rural development: local

development funds in provinces of Bale andHouet, Burkina Faso

• Regional programme in Boucle deMouhoun (Burkina Faso)

• Sustainable resource management inNorth Gondar, Ethiopia

// Priorities

ADC / ADA Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 39l

PDF

WWW WWW

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

Belgian Directorate-General forDevelopment Cooperation (DGDC)

l

DGDC does not have specific programmes in agri-cultural development. However, 11 out of 18 part-ner countries now cooperate with DGDC on agri-culture and rural development. What is more,DGDC has raised its contributions to the Interna-tional Fund for Agricultural Development and theConsultative Group on International AgriculturalResearch.

Activities in 2009 included a new type of interven-tion linking policy and regulation with operations inthe field in Burundi, Benin and Niger, and taking avalue-chain approach to local economic develop-ment in Peru.

// DGDC aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

// DGDC and the Platform

The Platform has helped Belgium improvethe effectiveness of its aid -- with papers onthe Platform website being particularly use-ful in drafting the new Belgian agricultureand food security strategy. Discussions withthe Platform about the Copenhagen summiton climate change and issue papers on thesubject helped DGDC better orientate its po-sition, especially on integrating agricultureinto discussions on climate change.

Coordination and engagement with the Euro-pean Initiative on Agricultural Research forDevelopment (EIARD) have been very informa-tive and further cooperation will certainly addvalue. The Platform provided networking op-portunities and helped the Belgian Develop-ment Agency (BTC) identify speakers for itsinternational seminar on agriculture and pro-poor growth in Brussels in December 2009.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Agriculture is back in the pictureEleven of DGDC’s 18 bilateral developmentpartners now have agriculture and rural devel-opment as a sector for cooperation. In 2009,DGDC doubled its contribution to the Interna-tional Fund for Agricultural Development to€6.54 million and allocated additional fundingof €3 million to the Consultative Group on Inter-national Agricultural Research (CGIAR) for2009–2011.

// Aid effectivenessDGDC is reflecting on different scenarios foranchoring bilateral governmental cooperationin institutions in the agricultural sector.

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50

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Year (estimated)

DGDC aid to agriculture

Through multilaterals

DGDC disbursements with purpose codes 311xx, 312xxor 313xx as primary, secondary or third sector

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4

2

0

Perc

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Year

DGDC aid to agriculture as a proportion of total ODA

40 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths DGDC l

// Sector programmesDGDC is evolving towards sector-programme ap-proaches in a number of countries, moving awayfrom separate project interventions.

// Policy and regulationDGDC has introduced a new type of interventionthat links the policy-making and regulatingfunctions of the agriculture and livestock min-istries of Burundi, Benin and Niger with opera-tions in the field. Known as ‘double anchorage’,the approach establishes clear feedback mech-anisms between the two levels.

// Value-chain approachDGDC is taking a value-chain approach to localeconomic development in Peru.

// PrioritiesThe DGDC budget is not thematic, but is basedon partner country envelopes. DGDC does nothave specific programmes in agriculture andrural development, but in countries where agri-culture is a priority sector it responds to re-quests from partners.

Following a commitment in 2008 to increase theshare of official development assistance foragriculture to 10 per cent by 2010 and 15 percent by 2015, DGDC is drafting a new nationalpolicy on agriculture and food security.

// Showcase

// PublicationsDGDC produced several agriculture-relatedpublications, most notably the brochure Foodaid–Food security , and articles in the DGDCpublication Dimension 3. All these publica-tions have helped raise public awareness.

// EventsDGDC has participated in several events relat-ing to agriculture, including the InternationalFair for Agriculture, Stockbreeding, Garden,Parks and Green Spaces (AGRIBEX).

// InitiativesDGDC has provided input to the new nationalagriculture and food security strategy. In addi-tion, it has set up New Indicative CooperationProgrammes with partner countries whereagriculture has been selected as a priority sector.

DGDC has also established a new Belgian Fundfor Food Security, replacing the Belgian SurvivalFund that ended in 2009. The new fund has abudget of €287 million for structural interven-tions in food security in sub-Saharan Africaover the next 10 years.

diplomatie.belgium.be/en/binaries/jaarver-slag2008_en_tcm312-65475.pdf

DGDC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 41l

PDF

WWW WWW

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

PDF

WWW

Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA)

l

At the 2009 G8 Summit, Canada committedCDN$600 million in new and additional funds forsustainable agricultural development over threeyears. As a result, CIDA is providing renewedsupport for national and regional programmes toincrease agricultural production and smallholderproductivity. CIDA has also increased its supportfor key multilateral organisations and for re-search on locally adapted technologies, more nu-tritional crops and production systems that aresustainable and resistant to climate change.

// CIDA aid to agriculture,forestry and fisheries

// CIDA and the Platform

CIDA considers the Platform’s DevelopmentPartners Task Team for CAADP to be a very use-ful mechanism for improving coordination andcommunication with other development part-ners. It is an important model for improving do-nor harmonisation and coordination of activities

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

CIDA’s Food Security Strategy builds on Canada’sPrime Minister’s 2009 announcement of anextra CDN$600 million for sustainable agricul-tural development.

This investment will allow Canada to broadenand deepen its bilateral commitments with keycountries. It will also increase the financialsupport given to critical multilateral organisa-tions, such as the International Fund for Agri-cultural Development, the Consultative Groupon International Agricultural Research and theWorld Food Programme.

// Showcase

// PublicationsCIDA produced Canada’s Food Security Strategy– the objective of which is to respond to imme-diate food needs while increasing access toquality, nutritious food over the longer term.The strategy also seeks to improve governanceof the global food system.

// EventsCIDA held consultations with civil society, theprivate sector and development partners on thedevelopment of the Food Security Strategy. Itrepresented the Platform at the internationalCivil Society Organizations Development Effec-tiveness conference, where it delivered a pre-sentation advocating improved donor–CSOcoordination, in line with the Accra Agenda forAction.

Data includes agriculture, forestry and fisheries. CIDA does not considerforestry and fisheries to be part of its food security commitments.

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Multilateral Bilateral

CIDA aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

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42 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths CIDA l

WWW WWW

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

// InitiativesCIDA has provided co-leadership in the L’AquilaFood Security Initiative (AFSI). It has helped de-

velop stronger accountability and tracking ofcommitments made at L’Aquila through theAFSI group.

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Agriculture

Agriculturalresearch

More sustainable agriculturalproduction and higher pro-ductivity of rural smallholderfarmers, especially women

Stronger policies, more ac-countable institutions and bet-ter management processeswithin partner organisations

Better access to new and lo-cally adapted technologiesand specialised expertise forfarmers in developing coun-tries

More environmentally sustai-nable agricultural productionand higher productivity

More nutritional crops andfarming systems that are resi-lient to climate change

Support for national and regional agriculturalstrategies and their implementation at all lev-els, in particular support for CAADP

Support for key multilateral organisationsworking to address the food security of vulner-able populations and support smallholderfarmers

Support for research organisations: Consulta-tive Group on International Agricultural Re-search, Forum for Agricultural Research inAfrica

Budget support for agriculture ministries thatsupport national agricultural research sys-tems (NARS)

Research projects of civil society partners

// Priorities

Photo by SirNamePhotocase

CIDA Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 43l

Department for International Development(DFID) – UK

l

DFID recently increased its annual spending onagriculture, forestry and fisheries to £411 million.During 2009, it funded agricultural research,shaped a strong, coordinated international re-sponse to the global food crisis and continued tospearhead the Food Retail Industry ChallengeFund. DFID also invested in African fisheries andgave substantial country-level support to countriesincluding Rwanda, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Bangla-desh and India.

// DFID aid to agriculture, forestryand fisheries

// DFID and the Platform

Platform support for the CAADP PartnershipPlatform has been highly valuable. The de-velopment of the Platform website to supportthe CAADP Development Partners’ TaskTeam has been useful and DFID is keen tosee further development.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// ResearchIn 2009, DFID spent £67 million on four pro-gramme pillars: agriculture research, regionalagriculture research in Africa linked to CAADP,advanced research, and getting research intouse through public–private partnerships. DFIDprovides eight per cent of the CGIAR’s totalfunding.

// Influencing the international response to thefood crisis

DFID has shaped a strong, coordinated, inter-national response to addressing the causes ofhunger, and has focused on supporting country-led processes. This is now being taken forwardthrough the L’Aquila Food Security Initiative,which includes an international commitment toUS$22 billion for agriculture and food security.

// Food Retail Industry Challenge FundThe Food Retail Industry Challenge Fund, whichaims to get more African products onto UK super-market shelves, was launched in 2008 with £1.9million from DFID. With matching funds from im-plementing companies, the total commitment tothe eight projects set up so far is now £3.87 million.

// Linking growth to social protectionDFID engaged the Overseas Development Insti-tute to build the evidence base for growth-pro-moting social protection mechanisms insmall-scale agriculture.

// FisheriesInvestment in fisheries has enabled new and exist-ing knowledge to be used to tackle internationalpolicy issues. The Partnership for African Fisheriesemerged from the detailed scoping led by DFID.

// Sub-Saharan AfricaIn Rwanda, DFID contributed £20 million to theagricultural sector through support for Land

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DFID aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

DFID aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheriesas a proportion of total ODA

44 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths DFID l

Tenure Regularisation, and in Zimbabwe providedagricultural inputs that enabled two million peopleto grow more food. In Ethiopia, DFID’s productivesafety nets programme helped 7.8 million peopleconsume more and better quality food.

// BangladeshBoth the Challenging the Frontiers of PovertyReduction and the Chars Livelihoods pro-grammes demonstrated the strength of theasset-transfer model as a means of lifting peo-ple out of extreme poverty.

// IndiaIn the Madhya Pradesh Rural Livelihoods Pro-gramme successful bottom-up micro-planninghas put in place sustainable and climate-re-silient livelihood options. In addition, in theWestern Orissa Rural Livelihoods Programme,the livelihoods-based participatory watersheddevelopment approach is seen as best practiceand is being replicated by the state government.

The Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Liveli-hoods Programme is a good example of donorharmonisation (IFAD, DFID, WFP) in a pro-gramme supporting state governments.

// CAADPA lesson learned is that lack of clarity from thePlatform steering committee about the extent

of support the Platform should provide toCAADP at country level caused some confusionamong development partners during 2009.

// Showcase

// PublicationsIn 2009, DFID released its nutrition strategy, Theneglected crisis of undernutrition. It also pub-lished research papers on world and African foodprices and on markets and food security inBangladesh. It produced various publications onrural development in India, and made substantialinputs into the Platform’s Guidelines for DonorSupport to CAADP Process at a Country-Level.Other research publications are available throughthe websites of DFID, ODI and other partners.

// EventsDFID held CAADP donor working group meet-ings, an Extreme Poverty Day in Bangladesh,and a Workshop on Social Inclusion in RuralDevelopment in India.

Area Programmes Expenditure Anticipated2004/5–2008/9 outcomes

Agriculture

Ruraldevelopment

Agriculturalresearch

Food aid andfood security

£297 million

£165 million

£152 million

£141 million

Improved agri-cultural sectorand yields

Less ruralpoverty, contribut-ing to the achieve-ment of MDG1

Improved policyand agriculturalgrowth

Safety netsprovided for thepoorest

Agriculture policy and administrativemanagement, agricultural services, agri-cultural development, agricultural landresources, livestock

Integrated rural development projects

All forms of renewable naturalresources, agricultural and forestryresearch

Food supply under national or interna-tional programmes; cash payments forfood supplies; project food aid (excludesemergency food aid)

// Priorities

“Leading the UK government's fightagainst world poverty”

PDF

PDF

DFID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 45l

WWW WWW

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

European Commission – Directorate-Generalfor Development (EC DG DEV)

l

In 2009 the European Commission launchedthree packages of projects as part of its €1 bil-lion Food Facility, set up in response to the grow-ing food security problems faced by many deve-loping countries. The facility operates from2009-2011 and supports agricultural projects.The Commission also provided funds to CAADPand at the G8 L’Aquila meeting pledged €2.7 bil-lion for food security interventions in 2010-2012.

// European Commission develop-ment assistance to agriculture

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Launch of €1 billion Food FacilityIn March 2009, the European Commissionlaunched a €314 million package of projects tosupport agriculture and improve food securityin 23 developing countries. This is the firsttranche in the framework of the €1 billion FoodFacility set up at the end of 2008 in response tothe growing food security problems faced bymany developing countries. The Commissionalso agreed to an overall plan for the use of thefacility, targeting 50 developing countries

// Food Facility second trancheA second tranche of €394 million in the frame-work of the €1 billion Food Facility waslaunched in April 2009. The facility operates forthree years until 2011 and supports agriculturalprojects. Funding generated by the Food Facilityis channelled through international organisa-tions, NGOs and the private sector.

// Food Facility third trancheA third set of measures with a value of €122million was agreed in December 2009. A €7.75million support programme for Tajikistan wasdecided on separately.

// G8 L’Aquila pledgeAt the G8 meeting, the European Commissionstressed that priorities should harmonise withnational priorities and plans and focus onsmallholders in line with the Accra Agenda forAction. The EC signed the L'Aquila Declarationon agriculture and food security and pledgedUS$3.8 billion (€2.7 billion) for food security in-terventions from 2010 to 2012.

46 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths EC DG DEV l

Together for a betterworld

600

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Perc

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Source: OECD DAC official bilateral commitments by sector

// CAADP Multi-Donor Trust FundThe Commission pledged US$7.2 million to theCAADP MDTF, with half that sum granted so far.It is anticipated that contributions from otherdevelopment partners will boost the MDTF toabout US$60 million by 2012.

// European Initiative for AgriculturalResearch and Development

The Commission confirmed its interest instrengthening links with agricultural researchand specifically the European Initiative on Agri-cultural Research for Development (EIARD).The EC indicated that resources were availableto support this initiative through a project ad-ministered by German Technical Cooperation(GTZ).

// Advancing agriculture at Copenhagenand beyond

Jointly hosted by the Platform and EuropeanCommission, this meeting in Brussels in June2009 led to an agreement by participants to co-ordinate their approaches in the lead-up to theCopenhagen climate-change summit and be-yond.

// Agribusiness Forum 2009The Commission, together with the Food andAgriculture Organization and International Fundfor Agricultural Development, represented thePlatform at the agribusiness forum, Empower-ing the Private Sector to Boost Productivity andGrowth, in Cape Town, South Africa.

// Prioritiy

The European Commission’s priority is to im-prove food security by boosting agriculture andstrengthening safety nets through its €1 billionFood Facility. Around half of the facility has sofar been disbursed.

// Showcase

In 2009, the European Commission Directorate-General for Development held the EuropeanDevelopment Days in Stockholm and developeda new Food Security Policy.

EC DG DEV Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 47l

The EC Directorate-General for Develop-ment partnercountries

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)l

In November 2009, FAO hosted the World Summiton Food Security – a major event at which worldleaders unanimously adopted a declaration pledg-ing renewed commitment to eradicate hunger.

Also in 2009, FAO received historic donationsfrom China and the European Union, publishedits flagship reports on the state of five key sec-tors, and tackled issues ranging from climate-change mitigation by forests to livestockemergencies, seed supply and illegal fishing.

// FAO aid to agriculture andrural development

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

In March 2009, FAO received its first funds fromChina, which set up a US$30 million trust fund tohelp developing countries improve agriculturalproductivity, in order to reduce hunger and poverty.

In May 2009, FAO signed its largest ever agreementwith the European Union. The EU provided €106million for this assistance package to 10 countriesin Africa, Asia and the Caribbean who sufferedmost from the 2007-2008 food price crisis. Underthe EU-FAO partnership, over €200 million(US$285 million) is being channelled from the EUFood Facility through FAO for operations in 25countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

In October 2009, a fisheries commission forCentral Asia and the Caucasus was createdas a new regional fisheries management body.

A major new study by the FAO Forestry Depart-ment found that planted forests help combatthe effects of global warming by reducing theloss of forest area and absorbing up to 1.5 giga-tonnes of carbon each year.

// Priorities60

50

40

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FAO aid to agriculture,forestry and fisheries

FAO aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries as aproportion of total ODA

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

US$

mill

ion

Agriculture Forestry Fisheries Emergencies

FAO priorities 2009

48 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths FAO l

// Showcase

// Flagship publicationsThe FAO published surveys of the state of fivekey sectors:• The State of Food and Agriculture• The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture• The State of the World’s Forests• The State of Food Insecurity in the World• The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets

The fourth edition of the Codex Alimentarius:Food Hygiene (Basic Texts) was also publishedin 2009, as was the FAO Statistical Yearbook andthe OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2008-2017.

// EventsThe High-Level Expert Forum on How to Feedthe World in 2050 was organised by FAO in Oc-tober 2009 and contributed to the debate andoutcome of the November World Summit onFood Security. The Summit, also held at FAO,renewed the commitment to eradicating hungeras soon as possible, and produced the FiveRome Principles for Sustainable Global FoodSecurity, which prioritise the actions needed.

The International Year of Natural Fibres 2009 em-phasised the importance of natural fibres to theeconomies of developing countries and farmers.

// WebsitesThe Capacity Building portal strengthens knowl-edge sharing: fao.org/capacitybuilding.

The national basic food prices data and analysistool allows price comparisons and analyses ofdomestic and international markets to be made:

fao.org/giews/pricetool.

// InitiativesThe new guidelines for livestock emergencies(LEGs), which support emergency interventionswith local communities and service providers,were the result of just one of the many FAO initia-tives begun or underway in 2009.

Others include the Seed Alliance Without Bound-aries (SAWIB), which cuts across crop productionand food industry domains, and a US$60 millionFAO multi-donor, five-year programme to aid cli-mate change mitigation. This promotes sustain-able, low-emission agriculture in developingcountries.

In November 2009, the new FAO/IFAD/WFP jointfood security strategy was launched. This com-bines the expertise and comparative advantagesof the three food agencies. Also the Agreementon Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter andEliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated(IUU) Fishing was approved and deposited at FAO.This is the first global treaty addressing the prob-lem of IUU fishing.

FAO developed the EX-ACT carbon balanceappraisal tool during 2009. This can be used toevaluate the carbon impact of land-based agricul-tural development projects before they start.

fao.org/docrep/011/i0250e/i0250e00.htm

fao.org/publications/sofa/en/

“For a world without hunger”

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FAO Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 49l

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50 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths BMZ

German Federal Ministry for EconomicCooperation and Development (BMZ)

l

German development cooperation promotesself-reliance and improving livelihoods, holisticrural development, sustainable multi-sectorapproaches, coordinated action to improve liv-ing conditions in rural areas, and stronger ef-fectiveness through cooperation. Currentinitiatives include the promotion of sustainableirrigation in Mali, the support of rural develop-ment in Laos and Peru, and the support of re-form processes in Africa.

// BMZ aid to agricultureand rural development

BMZ commissions the German Technical Coop-eration (GTZ) to implement the majority of itstechnical cooperation programming, while theKfW Development Bank handles the mainstay ofits financial cooperation portfolio.

// Priorities

// Promoting self-reliance and improvinglivelihoods

The goal of cooperation in rural development isto support and empower people to advance thedevelopment of their region. People should beable to secure their own livelihood, improvetheir living conditions and contribute to socialand economic development. One thing is cer-tain: only rural development that targets thevaried causes of poverty and hunger will have alasting effect and achieve the MDGs.

// Holistic rural developmentGerman development cooperation relies on com-prehensive system and process-oriented ap-proaches to rural development. The differentaspects of rural development are made compati-ble and combined into an overall strategy withthe participation of public and private players.

// Sustainable multi-sector approachesSuccessful rural development requires a multi-sector master plan with rural people, their po-tential and their development goals at its core.This master plan encompasses economic, so-cial, ecological and institutional elements. Keyissues:• Secure access to land and water• Sustainable use of biomass and agricultural

production systems while safeguarding biodi-versity

• Responsible fisheries management• Impacts of agriculture on climate change• Strengthening agricultural research and rural

services• Strengthening agricultural commodity mar-

kets and trade• Reforming agriculture and rural development

policies• Establishing quality standards and norms for

sustainable economic activity• Expanding rural fallback systems and basic

social services• Improving rural infrastructure• Strengthening decentralisation and local de-

velopment• Strengthening economic cycles

// Coordinated action to improve livingconditions in rural areas

Guidance and capacity building in rural areascombined with goal-oriented financial investmentscreate a development impetus. Entrepreneurialcommitment is mobilised when private companiesare involved; innovative development partnershipswith business create momentum for the sustain-able improvement of rural living conditions.

// Stronger effectiveness through cooperationProgrammes promoting rural development andimproving food security only succeed when theyare embedded in a country’s national strategyand coordinated with other donors. Therefore,global partnerships are essential to coordinateglobal efforts for greater food security.

l

// BMZ and the Platform

The Platform contributes to the implementa-tion of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effective-ness. BMZ actively supported the establish-ment of the Platform in 2003.

// Showcase

// Initiatives

Promotion of agricultural economy and sus-tainable agricultural irrigation, MaliMali’s Ministry of Agriculture, with the supportof BMZ, is developing and implementing a na-tional programme for small-scale irrigation.GTZ, KfW Development Bank and the GermanDevelopment Service (DED) work closely to-gether on this programme. The approach inMali is programme-based – aid measures arecoordinated on-site with Canadian and Dutchpartners.

Sustainable rural development, PeruIn Peru, GTZ, KfW Entwicklungsbank, CIM, DED,and Capacity Building International (InWEnt)are coordinating their efforts to achieve sus-tainable rural development, including the pro-tection and sustainable management of naturalresources.

Integrated rural development of mountainregions, LaosThis programme supports Lao’s government inimplementing national growth and poverty re-duction strategies in three regions. The goal ofthe programme, conducted in cooperation withKfW Development Bank and DED, is to enhancethe economic and social living conditions inpoor and food insecure mountain regions. Theprogramme is coordinated with initiatives fromother donors, such as the University of Florida,the EU and the Swiss and French developmentaid agencies.

Pan-African reform processes to promote theagricultural economy in AfricaBMZ has been supporting the New Partnershipfor Africa’s Development (NEPAD) since 2002,and the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture De-velopment Programme (CAADP) since 2007. To-gether, InWEnt and GTZ support the NEPAD/CAADP office coordinating African reformprocesses in the agricultural sector.

BMZ Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 51l

The goal of cooperationin rural development isto support andempower people. Theyshould be able to se-cure their own liveli-hoods and improvetheir living conditions.

Photo byNick Westover.© ACDI-CIDA

German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)l

GTZ is a federal government organisation thatworks in the field of international cooperationfor sustainable development. Its core compe-tency is capacity development – building theability of people, organisations and societies toshape development on a sustainable basis. In2009, work continued on sustainable agricul-ture, fisheries and coastal zone management,as well as on agricultural research and cli-mate-change adaptation and mitigation. GTZalso released several important publications,for example on land tenure and land grabbing.

// GTZ implemented aid to agri-culture and rural development

// GTZ and the Platform

The Platform’s Agriculture and Rural Devel-opment Day at the Copenhagen climate-change summit in December 2009 addedvalue to GTZ’s climate initiatives.

// Priorities

52 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths GTZ l

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Area Programmes

Access toland

Sustainableuse of naturalresourcesand landmanagement

Sustainableuse of aquaticresources

Agricultureand climatechange

Agriculturalresearch

Forest certifi-cation

Foreign direct investment,land grabbing, governance

Multifunctional agriculture,conservation agriculture

Integrated coastal zonemanagement, support forcertification process

Development of adaptionstrategies, protection anduse of biodiversity

Advisory Services on Devel-opment Oriented Rural Agri-cultural Research (BEAF)

Reducing Emissions fromDeforestation and ForestDegradation (REDD) pro-gramme

// Showcase

// PublicationsGTZ was involved in the publication of manycontributions to international cooperation forsustainable development. Particularly notewor-thy were its Guidelines for tackling the food cri-sis and competition for land (in the journalRural 21) and a discussion paper, DevelopmentPolicy Stance on the Topic of Land Grabbing.

Thought-provoking papers were delivered at theannual Eschborn Dialogue titled Developing Se-curity – Securing Development. Two significantpapers covered sustainable local land-manage-ment strategies in Mozambique and Brazil, andland tenure, land conflicts and cocoa productionin Ghana.

// EventsIn 2009, GTZ organised or took part in morethan 30 events to raise awareness of the im-portance of rural development. Especially out-standing were a high-level conference on LandPolicy and Land Administration in Support ofthe MDGs in Washington, the AgriBusinessForum 2009 on Empowering the Private Sectorto Boost Productivity and Growth in Africa inCape Town, and Climate Change and Agricul-ture Trade: Risks and Responses in Washing-ton.

// WebsitesGTZ’s Rural Development Theme covers workranging from rural services and economic de-velopment to food security and fisheries

gtz.de/en/themen/863.htm

GTZ’s Programme on Social and EcologicalStandards includes results of initiatives on sus-tainable, responsible or certified production ofcoffee, cocoa, soy and timber

gtz.de/en/themen/uebergreifende-the-men/sozial-oekostandards/28456.htm

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Food security frombreeding seedlingsin Ethiopia.

Photo, left by:GTZ/Michael Tsegaye

A woman looks afterher own cows in India,thanks to micro-credit.

Photo,right by:GTZ/Martin Egbert

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Partner for the Future.Worldwide.

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Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

Global Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM)l

In 2009, 12 countries drew up their own Inte-grated Financing Strategy (IFS) – an approachto investing in sustainable land managementdeveloped by the Global Mechanism (GM) of theUnited Nations Convention to Combat Desertifi-cation (UNCCD). The GM also developed a newmethodology for accurately assessing the valueand impact of investments in sustainable landmanagement

// Global Mechanism funding:technical support

// GM and the Platform

The Platform has added value to three mainareas of GM’s work. First, it provided infor-mation and facilitated joint donor support forGM’s role in the process of CAADP. Second,the Platform helped sharpen GM’s focus onagriculture in the climate change debate.Third, it provided information and partner-ship-building to tackle food security.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Integrated Financing StrategyThe IFS is the GM’s primary instrument forhelping countries establish integrated invest-ment frameworks. In addition to domestic bud-gets and international funding, the strategyaims to mobilise a variety of resources, includ-ing water and climate-change financing mecha-nisms and innovative sources linked with land,such as market access and trade.

Twelve countries have now developed an IFS,with four already endorsed at the ministeriallevel.

Portfolio reviews - Measuring the returns oninvestmentThe GM, in collaboration with its partners, hasdeveloped a portfolio review methodology whichis casting new light on the value and impact ofinvestments in sustainable land management(SLM) and paves the way for a more systematicmonitoring and evaluation of them. The first re-view covered a portfolio of around 900 loans andgrants approved by the International Fund forAgricultural Development.

New partnershipsThe GM has formed a new partnership with theUN Development Programme (UNDP) and theUN Environment Programme (UNEP). Centredon the UNDP’s Least Developed Countries andSmall Island Developing States Targeted Port-folio Approach for Capacity Development andMainstreaming of Sustainable Land Manage-ment, the partnership has increased the overallfinancing available to the 47 countries underthis initiative to US$29.6 million, includingUS$5 million from the GM.

54 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths UNCCD GM l

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GM technical support annual turnover

Breakthrough on aid for trade and agricultureAt the Platform’s Annual General Assembly, theGM facilitated an Aid for Trade (AfT) sessionthat brought together the trade and agriculturesectors and produced a major breakthrough byinitiating a dialogue between Platform mem-bers and the AfT community. Already, Ugandahas developed an AfT agenda for agricultureand SLM that includes a framework for financ-ing and cross-sectoral projects.

Decentralised cooperationAs a result of the GM’s efforts, SLM issues arenow mainstreamed into France’s decentralisedcooperation scheme. The GM has also providedtechnical and financial support to African com-munities to enable them to apply to the Euro-pean Commission, and has helped develop aSouth–South partnership and financing plat-form of local communities in Africa(SolArid/FLEUVE).

Innovative methodologies for the valuation ofland, land degradation and SLMThe GM has carried out country-level studiesfor example, in Cambodia, Tanzania and Zambiato put a price tag on the real impacts of the useof natural resources in fragile ecosystems af-fected by land degradation.

// Showcase

// PublicationsIn 2009, the GM published Incentive and Mar-ket-based Mechanisms to Promote SustainableLand Management: Framework and Tool to As-sess Applicability. The report identifies the14 most promising mechanisms for sustainableland management and a methodology for ap-plicability that was piloted in Cameroon.

// EventsThe GM held 12 workshops on developing IFSsin 2009. These helped countries to better coor-dinate and align processes and mobilise finan-cial resources for sustainable land manage-ment in Asia Pacific, Latin America and Africa.

// WebsitesVisit the GM’s Financial Information Engine onLand Degradation (FIELD), a dynamic knowl-edge management system for searching, shar-ing and harnessing information related tosustainable land management financing.

gmfield.info/English/Field/main.htm

UNCCD GM Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 55l

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Promoting sustainabledevelopment through land

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rural development available at donorplatform.org.

International Fund for AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD)

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IFAD funds rural development projects specificallyaimed at assisting the poorest of the poor, includ-ing small farmers, artisanal fishers, rural poorwomen and landless workers. In 2009, its fundingfor these projects was 20 per cent higher than in2008. In addition, IFAD now has a new corporatestrategic framework, a strategy on climate change,and new policies on issues ranging from the envi-ronment and natural resource management togrants and indigenous peoples.

// IFAD aid to agriculture, forestryand fisheries and fisheries

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// New corporate strategic frameworkTo maintain its relevance and to provide more valu-able support for the global effort, IFAD has devel-oped a new corporate strategic framework to guideits operations. This is underpinned by a strategy onclimate change and by new policies on the environ-ment and natural resource management, on in-digenous peoples and on middle-income countries.A new policy on grants will permit IFAD to awardgrants to private-sector entities.

// More focus on government performanceGovernment performance is emerging as a keydeterminant in reducing rural poverty. It will war-rant deeper attention in the future, especially in

fragile states, the ‘bottom billion’ countries, andthe countries with low scores in the World Bank’scountry policy and institutional assessment.

// Systematic approach to market accessAccess to markets was one of IFAD’s learningthemes in 2009. Improving market access forthe rural poor is essential for long-term povertyreduction, and while IFAD’s past performancehas been mixed, it is now moving in the right di-rection. It now has a more systematic and fo-cused approach to market access and valuechain analysis, and there are more examples ofinnovative practice. However, the fact remainsthat constraints on improving market accessare enormous and there are no easy solutions.

Five priority areas have been identified for IFAD:understand value chains better, diversify ap-proaches to rural financial services, innovatemore widely, work on partnerships and policyand share knowledge.

// Priorities in 2009

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IFAD aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

Area Anticipated outcomes

Agriculturalproduction

Naturalresourcemanagement

Rural finan-cial services

Access tomarkets

Household food security

Mitigation of climate change

Employment generation,micro-enterprise supportand financial stability

Water management, com-munity development and vil-lage and land development

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56 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths IFAD l

// Showcase

// PublicationsThe IFAD adaptive approach to participatorymapping describes how mapping processescan be used to help secure access to land andnatural resources, to facilitate the managementof these resources and to support communityadvocacy on land-related issues. Mapping is in-creasingly playing a role in the empowermentof people and communities.

IFAD’s response to climate change throughsupport to adaptation and related actionssets out principles of engagement conducive toadaptation planning. It also examines activitiesthat address climate risks and variability, sup-port that can strengthen indigenous people’sadaptive capacity, and the potential of IFADgrants for scaling up climate-change adapta-tion.

The difference we make describes the col-lective work of IFAD management, staff andmembership in transforming the organisationinto an effective, efficient and modern develop-ment institution.

// EventsKnowledge ShareFair, Rome, January 2009IFAD, along with four other Rome-based agri-cultural bodies, organised the first KnowledgeShareFair to showcase, recreate and inventways to share knowledge and improve access toit. The FAO Atrium was transformed into acolourful market place with stalls, booths,workshops and short presentation sessions.

World Summit on Food Security, Rome,November 2009In his address to the summit, IFAD presidentKanayo F. Nwanze called on internationaldonors to ensure that the resources promisedat L’Aquila would be forthcoming and to enterinto a sustained and strong partnership with thedeveloping world.

Centre for Strategic and International Studies(CSIS): Policy address on smallholder farms asagribusinesses, April 2010The President of IFAD, Kanayo F. Nwanze, hasbeen calling for small farmers to be seen asentrepreneurs ever since he took up his role inApril 2009. Such a view would require a changeof thinking, he said in his CSIS address a year

on, but that change would be attainable with thecommitment of all stakeholders – govern-ments, private sector operators and the donorcommunity.

World Bank Annual Conference on Land Policyand Administration, April 2010As an official event partner, in 2009 IFAD helpedto set the agenda and prepare for this confer-ence, at which its President, Kanayo F. Nwanze,gave the opening address . He stressed that,with sustained investment and the right policyguidelines, much can be achieved to ensurepoor rural people have access to the land, andcan profit from it. Partnership between interna-tional organisations, governments, the privatesector, civil society and local organisations isthe key.

// WebsitesIFAD has a strong presence on the internet. Be-sides their own website, IFAD’s activities can befollowed on Facebook, Twitter, Blogspot,Blip.TV, YouTube, Picasa and SlideShare.

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Irish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairsl

For Irish Aid, 2009 was a year of progress inglobal governance on agriculture and food se-curity. The year also saw a consolidation of con-sensus over the approach required foragriculture, especially the need to developvalue chains, invest in infrastructure and sup-port the private sector.

During 2009, Irish Aid continued to support theCGIAR centres, CAADP and the Global Forumon Agricultural Research. Smallholder agricul-tural production, an Irish Aid priority, wasboosted by work in Mozambique and Tanzania.Improved household food security was pro-moted in Malawi.

// Irish Aid support for agricultureand rural development

// Irish Aid and the Platform

Irish Aid’s discussions with Platform mem-bers have provided information and momen-tum concerning cooperation with CAADP. Inaddition, discussions provided useful policyanalysis in the lead-up to the Copenhagensummit and beyond.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

The CGIAR adopted a new business model aftertwo years of consultations within and beyondthe partnership. Reforms have also taken placein CAADP, in the L’Aquila Initiative and in coop-eration between the Rome-based agencies andthe Committee on World Food Security.

The High Level Task Force has demonstrated itsongoing relevance in assessing the UN respon-se to the food crisis at country level and in en-gaging civil society in the ComprehensiveFramework for Action.

Consensus also developed on the approach re-quired for agriculture, with respect to workingon value chain development, infrastructure in-vestment and enabling the private sector. How-ever, one must not lose sight of the MDGs andthe role of agriculture in poverty and hunger al-leviation in the short-to-medium term. In thisregard, the evidence base for best practice inagricultural responses to under-nutritionshould be strengthened.

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Irish aid to agriculture and rural developmentas a proportion of total aid

58 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths Irish Aid l

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// Showcase

// EventsWorld Food Day in Dublin focused on pro-pooragricultural research in collaboration withCGIAR centres. It helped raise awareness of theCGIAR’s work nationally and forged closer tiesbetween the CGIAR and Ireland’s own researchcommunity.

Irish Aid co-funded the CAADP Donors’ andPartners’ Meeting in Addis Ababa in September.The meeting was able to reach consensus on anapproach to supporting country processes.

// InitiativesIn January, Ireland’s Minister of State for Over-seas Development launched Irish Aid’s re-sponse to Ireland’s Hunger Task Force Report.The report endorsed Irish Aid’s focus on small-holder productivity, together with maternal andinfant under-nutrition. Irish Aid committed it-self to targeting 20 per cent of development aidto hunger-related programmes by 2012.

Irish Aid’s new country strategy in Malawi wasfully aligned with the Hunger Task Force’s re-commendations and a Special Envoy for Hungerwas appointed. The envoy began a review ofIrish Aid’s programme and visited Ethiopia,Malawi and Lesotho.

Irish Aid Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 59l

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipateddisbursed outcomes

Smallholderagriculturalproduction

Pro-pooragriculturalresearch

Globalgovernance

€1.5 millionand €4 million

Approx. €5 million

€2 million

€5 million in corefunding€3 million in projects

€150,000

€1.5 million

Improved extension andresearch into use;improved production

Improved household foodsecurity

Ongoing reform of IFAD sup-ported; improved effective-ness of IFAD programmes

Continued reformmomentumPro-poor innovations madeavailable

A demand-driven GlobalConference on AgriculturalResearch for Development(GCARD) in 2010

Accelerated momentum ofnational-level Compactsand international support

SWAps in Mozambique andTanzania

Malawi programme (seedsector; CGIAR projects andconservation agriculturewith CSOs)

Support to IFAD, includingBoard membership

Support for eight CGIARcentres

Contribution to GFAR con-sultations

Support for CAADPprocesses (Multi-DonorTrust Fund)

// Priorities

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KfW Entwicklungsbank(German Development Bank)

l

KfW Entwicklungsbank mainly invests in agri-culture, forestry and fisheries on behalf of Ger-many’s Federal Ministry for EconomicCooperation and Development (BMZ).

Investment increased in 2009 compared with2008, a major beneficiary being sub-SaharanAfrica where the bank successfully negotiatedcontracts to support irrigation in Mali and tolink smallholder farmers to the private sectorin Kenya. Another highlight, this time fromLatin America, was the study that KfW con-ducted on the outcomes of 30 years of Germancooperation in irrigation in Bolivia.

// KfW Entwicklungsbank invest-ment in agriculture, forestryand fisheries

// KfW Entwicklungsbank and the Platform

In 2009, KfW Entwicklungsbank and otherPlatform members discussed food security,agriculture and climate change and the im-portance and possible impacts of bilateralcooperation with CAADP.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Sub-Saharan AfricaIn 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa, KfW Entwicklungs-bank successfully negotiated contracts to supportirrigation in Mali and to link smallholder farmersto the private sector in Kenya. The sub-SaharanAfrica department is especially interested in sup-porting rural development by investing in sustain-able production and market access. Irrigation andwater supply for agriculture, and ensuring theseare adapted to changing environmental condi-tions, also remain a focus.

// Latin AmericaIn Latin America in 2009, KfW Entwicklungs-bank focused on the link between agricultureand adaptation to climate change such as wa-tershed management, adaptation to changingrainfall patterns, and production security. Theregional focus is on South America withEcuador, Bolivia and Peru and Central Americawith Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. In2009 KfW, together with GTZ and the BerlinSeminar of Rural Development, conducted astudy of the outcomes of 30 years of Germancooperation in irrigation in Bolivia.

// Asia and Eastern EuropeIn Asia and in Eastern Europe KfW Entwick-lungsbank’s focus was on the link between en-vironmental protection and agriculture. TheAsia department has been successful in its co-operation, for example in China in the fightagainst desertification, wind strips.

60 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths KFW l

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// Priorities

// Showcase

// PublicationsIn 2009, KfW Entwicklungsbank publishedCommon Responsibility for Climate and Devel-opment , a position paper on food securityand adaptation to climate change. It also pub-lished More Water, Less Poverty , a study of30 years of German cooperation on irrigation inBolivia. In addition, the bank’s annual report2008, Water – fundamental for development ,raised partners’ awareness of the importanceof water in the context of food security.

// WebsitesKfW Entwicklungsbank Countries,

Programmes and Projects

KFW Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 61l

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Programmes Amount disbursed Anticipated outcomes

€55 million

€15 million

€7 million

Higher incomes for small-holder farmers, food secu-rity

Slowing of desertification,safeguarding of biodiversity,prevention of soil erosion,food security

Higher incomes for small-holder farmers, rural deve-lopment

Small scale irrigation, rehabilitation ofdams and irrigation systems, modernisa-tion of production systems, erosion con-trol

Reforestation and integrated forestmanagement, agroforestry

Support to small and medium enter-prises, contract farming

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KfW Entwicklungsbankpartner countries(shown in orange)

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Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Denmarkl

MFA Denmark’s priorities in 2009 were primarilyrelated to finalising the Danish Africa Commis-sion’s report Realising the Potential of Africa’sYouth , which emphasised private sector-ledgrowth and employment creation as a strategyfor economic development and poverty eradica-tion. Agriculture is seen in this context as part ofthe private sector. The report resulted in fiveconcrete international initiatives that are nowbeing established. In addition, a sector pro-gramme in Uganda for private-sector develop-ment in agriculture was approved in 2009.

// MFA Denmark aid to agriculture,forestry and fisheries

// Denmark and the Platform

The added value of the Platform cuts acrossDenmark’s work, especially in relation to im-plementing the aid effectiveness agenda inagriculture and promoting the link betweenclimate change and agriculture with theCopenhagen summit and the CAADPprocess.

// Showcase

// PublicationsRealising the Potential of Africa’s Youth waspublished by the Africa Commission in May2009. It has resulted in five international initia-tives, including support for the Forum for Agri-cultural Research in Africa (FARA) and theUniversities, Business and Research in Agricul-tural Innovation (UniBRAIN) project.

// EventsIn 2009, the Danida Development Days, whichtook place in Copenhagen in June, focused onthe initiatives and recommendations of theAfrica Commission.

// WebsitesAfrica CommissionDanida DevForumMinistry of Foreign AffairsDanida

62 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Denmark l

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MFA Denmark Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 63l

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomesdisbursed

Agribusinessand infra-structure

University,Research,Agro-Busi-ness initiative

US$80 million

US$5.5 million

The Agribusiness Initiative will directly im-pact over 100,000 farm families and 300firms or farmer organisations, support35,000 new loans provided by banks, andimprove the incomes of more than 2,000women farmers or entrepreneurs. The inter-vention will create over 475,000 new jobs andincrease the income of over 130,000 farmers.This does not include employment impactsfrom public sector interventions. A total of3,000 km of district roads, of which 500 kmcan be directly ascribed to Denmark’s contri-bution, will be rehabilitated. The Ministry ofAgriculture will be helped to implement itsreform plans and to obtain support for amajor joint programme.

The purpose of FARA’s Universities, Businessand Research in Agricultural Innovation(UniBRAIN) is to foster agricultural innova-tion that will create employment for youngpeople through private sector-led growth andimproved competitiveness of African eco-nomies. It will be achieved through three in-terrelated and interdependent activities,each corresponding to an objective of theinitiative:

• developing agricultural business innova-tions

• producing agribusiness entrepreneurs andinnovators

• up-scaling innovation capacity and practices.

Uganda Growth(2010–2013)

Africa Commis-sion; Forum forAgricultural Re-search in Africa(FARA) (2010–2011)

// Priorities

um.dk/NR/rdonlyres/3B1B9EC7-98C9-4EB1-84F0-1132B5DCFBBF/0/Reportofthe-AfricaCommission2ndedition.pdf

africacommission.um.dk/en

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Finlandl

Finland’s aid to agriculture and rural develop-ment is increasing. Two new bilateral projectsin the sector are planned and the secondphases of ongoing projects are being imple-mented. In addition, aid to multilateral organi-sations is increasing.

// MFA Finland aid to agricultureand rural development

// MFA Finland and the Platform

The Platform has provided useful publica-tions and guidelines in agricultural and ruraldevelopment and food security. Finland hadalso benefited from good, timely expert re-ports and analysis from international meet-ings on food security and climate change.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

The evaluation of agriculture sector cooperationand several mid-term reviews of bilateral projectsprovided valuable information for planning newinterventions in the sector.

// Showcase

// PublicationsDevelopment policy guidelines have been pub-lished for the forest sector , the water sec-tor and the environment. Also published in2009 was Sustainable Rural Development withEmphasis on Agriculture and Food Securitywithin the Climate Change Setting , whichreports the results of research funded by MFAFinland.

Policy guidelines for agriculture and food secu-rity are being revised.

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Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomesdisbursed

Agriculture andrural develop-ment

Food security

€4 million

€2.33 million

Total 2009:€9.35 million

Less poverty, more food security

More food security and better in-comes in the agriculture sector

PROAGRI inMozambique

PRORURAL Nicaragua

Bilateral programmesin Zambia, Mozam-bique and Nicaragua

// Priorities

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs –France/French Development Agency (AFD)

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AFD, along with several other donors, was amajor proponent of reform of the Committee onWorld Food Security (CFS) in 2009. The suc-cessful outcome of the reform process meansthat we are now ready to initiate the GlobalPartnership for Agriculture and Food Security(GPAFS) and new governance at the globallevel.

Another major development was the interna-tional conference for financing West Africanagricultural policy as part of the CAADP frame-work. The conference concluded a process ofpulling together regional investment plans andeconomic measures that France supportedfinancially.

// AFD aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

// AFD and the Platform

The Platform has helped spread the idea thatreinvestment in agriculture is essential inthe fight against rural poverty. After a periodwhen donors were reluctant to invest in pub-lic infrastructure in the water sector, theynow recognise that a mix of public invest-ment, private initiative and measures forcapital conservation is the key to sustainablegrowth in agriculture.

The Platform stimulated productive ex-changes among donors about their experi-ences in supporting national and regionalprocesses, such as CAADP. As France ismore involved in Economic Community ofWest African States (ECOWAS) and SouthernAfrican Development Community (SADC)countries, discussions about harmonisationand the advantages and disadvantages ofcomparative approaches were useful.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

AFD’s efforts to promote renewed support foragriculture and rural development at differentlevels have been rewarded by two major events:

• The reform of the Committee on World FoodSecurity is a result of efforts by severaldonors, including France as a major sup-porter of the process. It can be seen as thestarting point for the implementation of theGlobal Partnership for Agriculture and FoodSecurity and new governance at the globallevel.

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• The international conference on financingWest African agricultural policy as part of theCAADP framework concludes a process ofpulling together regional investment plansand economic measures that France sup-ported financially. ECOWAS is an example ofleadership in the CAADP process.

// Showcase

// PublicationsA report giving the official position of FrenchCooperation stakeholders on land issues in theSouth was published in June 2009.

// WebsitesWorking group on land issues:

foncier-developpement.orgNew pages from the Ministry of Foreign Affairsafter recent changes in global governance onfood security: diplomatie.gouv.fr

// InitiativesFrance and the African Development Banksigned an agreement in April 2009 to create anew investment fund for African agriculture.The fund targets private companies and coop-eratives that implement strategies to increaseand diversify agricultural production in Africa .The likely size of the fund is €500 million.

Following the reform of the Committee onWorld Food Security, a new high-level panel ofexperts has been formed to summarise scien-tific knowledge and assist political decision-makers. AFD has issued a policy brief onthe subject.

l

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomesdisbursed

Irrigation andwater manage-ment

Microfinance

Prevention andcontrol of ani-mal diseases

Agriculturalpolicy in Afri-can countries

€67 million

€8 million

€2.5 million

€1.5 million

Increased production of staplefoods

Better access for poor rural house-holds to microcredit

Increased social benefit of main-taining sanitary safety as a publicgood

Strengthened regional integrationand empowerment of Africancountries in implementing theirown agricultural policies

Irrigation schemes inMorocco and Vietnam,water supply for pas-toralists in Chad

Comoros, BurkinaFaso, Dominican Re-public

Support for veterinarylaboratories in Africancountries and for re-search (avian flu)

Contribution to CAADPMulti-Donor TrustFund and support forECOWAS agriculturalpolicy

// Priorities

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Italyl

A reaffirmed political commitment to globalfood security and nutrition kept agriculture andfood security as key priorities for Italy in 2009.Italy focuses on participatory approaches foridentifying and implementing integrated ruraldevelopment programmes, but it also supportsthe CAADP process and is fully committed to itsagenda. Italy has helped set up the Global Part-nership for Agriculture and Food Security(GPAFS) and promoted the revitalisation of theGlobal Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR).

// Italy’s aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

// MFA Italy and the Platform

The global food security challenge, as high-lighted by the Platform, has been stream-lined into Italian development policy andstrategy. Guidelines for cooperation in agri-culture and food security, currently being de-veloped, have benefited from Platformpublications.

The Platform’s work has enhanced collabo-ration between the Overseas Agronomic In-stitute, the scientific branch of MFA Italy, andother partners. A better understanding ofCAADP resulting from discussions with otherPlatform partners has prompted the revisionof Italian CAADP programmes. The ItalianAid Effectiveness Action Plan has also beeninspired by the Platform’s work.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Participation and harmonisationItaly’s endorsement of the Joint Statementthrough the L’Aquila Food Security Initiativereaffirmed its political commitment to globalfood security, agriculture and nutrition. Italyuses a participatory approach in its work on in-tegrated rural development, empoweringwomen in agriculture, environmental protectionand tackling water scarcity. It also supports theCAADP process in Africa financially, and is har-monising interventions in line with the CAADPframework.

// Agriculture and food securityItaly has helped set up the Global Partnershipfor Agriculture and Food Security to ensurecontinued high-level attention at the globallevel to food security policy. At the country level,Italy works to facilitate effective policies andplans for agricultural development, food secu-rity and nutrition. Italy has also supported the

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work of the High Level Task Force on the GlobalFood Security Crisis and considers FAO reformto be of utmost importance.

// Agricultural research reformThe reform of the CGIAR has been actively pur-sued by Italy because it believes it is vital thattheir projects increase productivity to achievesustainable food security and reduce poverty.Italy has also promoted the revitalisation of theGlobal Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR)to ensure effective stakeholder participationand strengthen ownership of national and re-gional research systems.

// Showcase

// PublicationsA response to the global food prices crisis waspublished in the Italian Cooperation Bulletin(DIPCO), while the 2009–2011 Programming

Guidelines and Directions place agricultureand food security at the top of the list of priori-ties for Italian cooperation.

// EventsMeetings of the G8 Experts Group on GlobalFood Security were arranged before and afterthe L’Aquila Summit. They aimed to develop acommon vision and roadmap for tackling foodsecurity and nutrition.

A Farmers’ Union meeting on the challenge ofthe food crisis and food security, in collabora-tion with the Ministry of Agriculture, ensurednational and international policy coherence.

// WebsitesItalian cooperation on development:

cooperazioneallosviluppo.esteri.it

MFA Italy Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 69l

Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomesdisbursed

Food security

Water and na-tural resourcesmanagement

Normativeactivities

Agriculturalresearch

€20 million

€6.5 million

€2 million

€5.3 million

Strengthened capacity offarmers to identify their needsfor investment in agriculture

Regional approaches facilitat-ing dialogue between coun-tries on cross-border issues

Enhanced results-based ap-proach to monitoring andevaluation

Better coordination of agricul-tural research

Commercialisation and in-come-generating activitiesthroughout the entire valuechain, transformation of agri-culture into a modern, diversi-fied and competitivecommercial sector, and controlof transboundary animal andplant diseases

Coping with water scarcity andimproving capacity of partners’ministries

Policy-support interventions atboth country and regional level

Support to the CGIAR, GFARand Forum for AgriculturalResearch in Africa (FARA)

// Priorities

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation –Spain

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The High Level Meeting on Food Security for Allwas held in Madrid in January 2009. Convenedby the Government of Spain and the United Na-tions, the meeting brought together a broadrange of stakeholders from more than 126countries, including representatives from Mem-ber States, civil society, trade unions, the pri-vate sector, academia, donor agencies andmultilateral organisations.

// IMFA&C Spain aid to agricultureand rural development

// MFA Italy and the PlatformMFA&C Spainand the Platform

Spain is committed to the Paris Declarationand the Accra Agenda for Action. The Plat-form provides a very useful forum for discus-sion, for sharing experiences and lessonslearned, and for aligning work, and thus con-tributes to increased aid effectiveness.

// Showcase

// InitiativesThe High Level Meeting on Food Security for Allwas convened by the Government of Spain andthe United Nations, 26-27 January 2009. At themeeting, the UN Secretary General made theRight to Food the third track for achieving foodsecurity.

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The 2009–2012 AfricaPlan, published bySpain’s Ministry ofForeign Affairs andCooperation, sets outthe efforts plannedfor Africa. This in-cludes work in therural developmentand combating hungersector of intervention,which aims “To helpto make effective thehuman right to foodand improve the livingconditions and foodsecurity of rural andurban populations”.

Spain’s Ministry ofForeign Affairs andCooperation featuredthe 2009 Madrid HighLevel Meeting on FoodSecurity for All in itsquarterly magazine.

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands

During 2009, The Netherlands Ministry of For-eign Affairs increased its aid to agriculture andrural development compared with 2008, one ofthe main aims being to build public–private part-nerships. The Netherlands is also investing €20million a year in productive safety nets to reducedependency on food aid, offer better protectionfor the productive assets of the chronically poorand improve rural infrastructure.

// Netherlands aid to agricultureand rural development

// MFA Netherlands and the Platform

Excellent work is being done with CAADP toharmonise donor support and understandingof its programme and to maintain close con-tact with NEPAD and the African Union Com-mission. Platform position papers are usefulin helping to determine The Netherlands’ po-sition, while events such as Land Day and thePlatform’s Annual General Assembly offeropportunities to discuss issues with a widerange of donors.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Public–private partnershipsOne of the main thrusts of The Netherlands’ de-velopment cooperation policy is building public–private partnerships. Some examples are theintroduction of innovative cassava processingtechnology in Nigeria and Ghana, switchingfrom coca and poppy production in Colombia tocoffee and bananas, and setting up small en-ergy companies in sub-Saharan Africa to pro-mote rural electrification.

// Initiative for Sustainable TradeThe Netherlands has extended the Initiative forSustainable Trade (IDH) from 2013 to 2015 andcommitted an extra €20 million for 2011. Theprogramme covers six sectors – cacao, tea, nat-ural stone, soy, tourism and tropical timber –and is actively exploring new sectors.

// Improving regional trade in agriculturalinputs (MIR+)

New laws and regulations have been adopted toregulate trade in seeds, fertiliser and pesticidesunder the International Center for Soil Fertilityand Agricultural Development-Marketing InputsRegionally (IFDC-MIR) Project in West Africa. Theproject helps to promote efficient, transparentand competitive markets.

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// Agricultural value-chain development(Strategic Alliance for AgriculturalDevelopment in Africa)

The incomes of small-scale farmers and entre-preneurs in West Africa have increased by 30%on average under this five-year programme tomake market chains work. The programme willend in 2010.

// Farmers Fighting PovertyA major lesson from the Farmers FightingPoverty programme is that it is crucial to equipfarmers’ organisations to debate policy on com-pacts and investment plans with their govern-ments. The approach involves eight agri-agencies, 145 farmers’ organisations,296 projects and 2.5 million farmers.

// Showcase

// PublicationsThe MFA published a policy memorandum onSocial Protection, Rural Economic Developmentand Food Security.

// EventsMFA Netherlands launched the AmsterdamInitiative against Malnutrition to improve thenutrition of 100 million poorer people by 2015.

The Netherlands partnership on land gover-nance was launched with a two-day interna-tional seminar on land grabbing, at which ajoint five-year action plan was approved.

MFA Netherlands Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 73l

Area Programmes* Amount Anticipated outcomesdisbursed

Research andinnovation

Public serviceprovision andinstitutions

Sustainablevalue-chaindevelopment

Improvingmarket access

Food securityand transfermechanisms

€6 million(2009–2011)

€18 million(2007–2010)

€5 million (2008–2012)through World BankMulti-Donor Trust Fund

€4.8 million in 2009(Total budget 2009–2013 of €33 million.Extra €20 millioncommitted for 2011)

€10 million(2009–2013)

€20 million (annually)

Poverty reduction and produc-tivity improvement in arid zones

Strengthened farmers’ organisa-tions and 2.5 million farmersreached

Capacity-building and institu-tional support to help Africanpartners increase agriculturalproductivity

Enhanced public–privatecooperation

Improved access to inputsthrough developing agri-inputmarkets in West Africa

Less food aid dependency,better protection of productiveassets of the chronically poor,better rural infrastructure

ICARDA (InternationalCenter for AgriculturalResearch inthe Dry Areas)

Farmers FightingPoverty

CAADP

Initiative for Sustain-able Trade

Second phase of MIR+(Marketing Inputs Re-gionally) programme

Productive safety nets(e.g. in Ethiopia andRwanda)

// Priorities

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OECD is not a donor organisation and does notfund development projects and programmes.However, the Africa Partnership Forum SupportUnit is one of several OECD units and direc-torates dedicated to agriculture and rural devel-opment.

The support unit prepares policy papers and ad-vice and arranges meetings for the Africa Part-nership Forum (APF) – a high-level forum fordialogue between Africa and development part-ner countries established following the G8 Sum-mit in Evian in 2003.

// Africa Partnership Forum Support Unitand the Platform

The Platform database and papers on cli-mate change, food security and agriculturaldevelopment in Africa have been useful whendrafting policy papers. The Platform providesa forum and informal network for exchangeof information among donor institutions andspecialists on topics of concern to Africandevelopment and, importantly, for enhancingpolicy coherence.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

In 2009, the Africa Partnership Forum contin-ued to be the voice of Africa in developmentpolicy forums and to promote more effectivepolicies and strategies for African developmentand poverty reduction. Highlights:

• The Climate Change Special Session of theAPF was held in Addis Ababa, September2009. Policy statements highlighted Africanconcerns and priorities and fed into theCopenhagen climate change summit in De-cember.

• Technical and policy papers were preparedfor the APF in June. Joint statements fromAfrican and development partner countrymembers of the APF, which highlightedAfrican development priorities and concerns,were sent to the G20 Summit Chairs in Lon-don and Pittsburgh.

• The publication A Mutual Review of Develop-ment Effectiveness was distributed widelyin Africa and among development partners.This report highlighted African and develop-ment partner commitments and performancein 15 areas and sectors, including agricultureunder sustainable economic growth. A similarreview for 2010 was requested by Africanstates and finance ministers.

To win development community recognition ofthe importance of agriculture and rural devel-opment, there is a need to demonstrate the rel-evance of agriculture to:• High and fluctuating food prices• The global financial and economic crisis• Climate change - especially with regard to

mitigation and adaptation• Promoting innovation• Fostering coherence of development policy.

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Priorities for agricultural development:• Higher levels of public investment, especially

in irrigation, fertiliser use, rural infrastruc-ture and services – all critical to tacklingsupply-side constraints

• Improved policy reform• More action to promote private sector involve-

ment and create incentives for agribusinessto undertake investment

• Increased investment in science and technol-ogy

• Continued efforts to promote the expansion ofintra-regional trade and market integration.

It is also necessary to demonstrate that Africanagriculture is the key to achieving food security,but that it can only do this through higher pro-ductivity and investment. Key emerging issuesinclude climate change, bio-energy and foodprices.

Priority actions for development partners are:• Intensified efforts on market access and re-

ducing subsidies• Urgent action on climate change and in-

creased support for adaptation• More support for research and development

in African agriculture• Enhanced food assistance to counter the im-

pact of higher global food prices• More attention and more funding to the agri-

cultural sector and related priorities, such asrural infrastructure.

// Showcase

// PublicationsThe Mutual Review of Development Effective-ness in Africa 2009 is intended to be ofpractical use to political leaders in dealing withthe key policy challenges ahead. It includes achapter on agriculture.

// EventsAt the APF’s forum in Rome in June 2009 and atits Climate Change Special Session in AddisAbaba in September 2009, reports were pre-sented on climate change, drug trafficking andpiracy and the impact of the financial and eco-nomic crisis on Africa.

// InitiativesThe APF Technical Advisor is a member of theScientific Committee for the International Sym-posium on Innovation and Sustainable Develop-ment in Agriculture and Food to be held inMontpellier, 28–30 June 2010 isda2010.net.African priorities, concerns and policy issueshave clearly emerged as topics for debate atthis conference.

oecd.org/dataoecd/62/43/42179846.pdf

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Organisation for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (OECD)Sahel and West Africa Club

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OECD is not a donor organisation and does notfund development projects and programmes, butthe Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC) is one ofseveral OECD units and directorates dedicated toagriculture and rural development.

The SWAC, together with governments, regionalinstitutions and civil society organisations, sup-ports the development and implementation ofregional strategies and policies.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

The experience of SWAC demonstrates the im-portance of building inclusive policy measuresand responses to maximise impact and effec-tiveness.

In 2009, the Guiding Principles for the Develop-ment of the Livestock Industry were ap-proved by ministers of the Economic Com-munity of West African States (ECOWAS) follow-ing a consultation involving local actors andlivestock professionals at all levels. This pro-cess laid the foundations for translating theguidelines into a regional action plan in 2010.

The negotiations leading to the Food Aid Char-ter built consensus among key stakeholders, inadvance of the final version that would be pro-duced in 2010.

// Showcase

// PublicationsLivestock and regional market in the Sahel andWest Africa: Potentials and challenges con-tains key messages and recommendations forthe development of the livestock industry inWest Africa.

Enhanced management of other shared naturalresources (French) is a contribution to theRegional Investment Programme for Agricul-ture (PRIA) and the Regional Partnership Com-pact for the Implementation ofECOWAP/CAADP.

Food security and nutrition in the Sahel andWest Africa (RPCA Policy Note) and themonthly Food Security Information Note(CILSS/SWAC) both monitor and analyse foodand nutrition in West Africa.

// EventsThe Regional Livestock Forum, Niamey, Niger,February 2009 led to the adoption of the GuidingPrinciples for the Development of the LivestockIndustry by ECOWAS Ministers.

The 25th annual meeting of the Food CrisisPrevention Network (RPCA) in Bamako, Mali inDecember 2009 focused on markets, local-prod-uct processing and food security. The final com-muniqué provides an assessment of the 2008/09season and information on future prospects.

The SWAC forum on Pressures on WestAfrican land: reconciling development and in-vestment policies, also held in Bamako, Mali inDecember 2009, brought together some 200participants with a wide diversity of views.

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// WebsitesCommit4Africa, part-sponsored by OECD, is

a compendium of development commitments inAfrica, searchable by theme, organisation andcountry. It includes all G8, NEPAD and AfricanUnion commitments to agricultural develop-ment in Africa. This site is a valuable resourcefor Platform members.

// InitiativesA joint initiative was undertaken bySWAC/OECD, CILSS (Permanent InterstateCommittee for Drought Control in the Sahel),ECOWAS and UEMOA (The West African Eco-nomic and Monetary Union) to revise the foodaid charter adopted in 1990. The initiative in-volved civil society and development partners. commit4africa.org

OECD Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 77l

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Agriculturalpolicy

Foodsecurity

Adoption of guiding principles for the deve-lopment of the livestock industry

Support for ECOWAS in setting priorities forthe implementation of its regional agricultu-ral policy (ECOWAP/CAADP)

Provision of consensual recommendationsto policymakers in order to manage the foodcrisis in the Sahel and West Africa

The Revised Charter goes beyond the origi-nal text, having evolved from coordinatedfood aid management to a food crisis pre-vention and management tool. It underlinesthe roles and responsibilities of regional or-ganisations and expands its geographic co-verage from the Sahel to all of West Africa

Development of the livestockindustry

Regional Investment Pro-gramme for Agriculture (PRIA)

Food Crisis Prevention Net-work (RPCA)

Revised Charter for Food CrisisPrevention and Management inWest Africa

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Sida’s spending on agriculture, forestry and fish-eries amounts to around half of Sweden’s total offi-cial development assistance. The country’s Ministryof Foreign Affairs funds the remainder, and a pro-portion is provided as core support to UN andWorld Bank bodies. Experience during 2009 showsthe need to be flexible about applying a sector-based approach in the agriculture sector.

// Sida aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

// Sida and the Platform

The Platform added value by facilitating donorcoordination and providing information onthe CAADP. The Platform also carried out ad-vocacy and synthesised knowledge on theimportance of agriculture for climate-changemitigation. In addition, it provided an overviewof and contact with the international pro-cesses concerned with land issues.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

An important lesson learned in 2009 is theneed to be more flexible when applying a sec-tor-based approach to development coopera-tion in the agriculture sector. An example isnot working solely with the public sector, butalso including the private sector.

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€m

illio

n

Through multilaterals Bilaterals

Sida aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

Sida aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheriesas a proportion of total ODA

78 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths Sida l

Area Programmes

Agriculturalproductionand market-ing

Sector bud-get support

Land tenure

Agriculturalextension

Fondeagro, NicaraguaEast Africa Grain Council(EAGC), Malonda,Niassa Province, Mozambique

ProAgri, MozambiquePRORURAL, Nicaragua

Sida-Amhara Rural Develop-ment Programme (SARDP),EthiopiaITC, Mozambique

National Agriculture andLivestock ExtensionProgramme (NALEP), Kenya

// Showcase

// PublicationsSida Studies no. 23 , Natural ResourceTenure – a critical aspect of poverty reductionand human rights, is a broad study coveringurban as well as agricultural land. It shows howstrongly development priorities, such as pro-poor growth and the fulfilment of human rights,apply to natural resource tenure.

Biofuels – Potentials and Challenges for Devel-oping Countries is a policy brief on bio-energy.

Sida Studies no. 14 , Wealth of the Poor:Eliminating Poverty through Market and PrivateSector Development is a Sida background docu-ment on pro-poor growth.

// EventsSida organised two seminars: one on natural re-source tenure and bioenergy and the other onmodalities for development cooperation supportfor agriculture. It also convened a conferencecalled One World, One Health.

// WebsitesSwedish International Agriculture Network

(SIANI ) is a platform guiding the Swedish or-ganisations that work in development coopera-tion related to sustainable agriculture andglobal food security.

// InitiativesEvaluation Study on Gender in Agriculture

PDF

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PDF

Sida Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 79l

WWW

siani.se/ sida.se/Global/Development%20and%20cooperation/Economic%20opportunities/SidaStudies23_SIDA51603en_web.pdf

swedbio.com/dokument/factsheet-biofuel-en.pdfsida.se/English/About-us/How-we-oper-

ate/Important-Areas-of-Development/Eco-nomic-Opportunities/natural-resources/

WWW

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Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

PDF

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Swiss Agency for Development andCooperation (SDC)

l

The SDC is Switzerland’s international coopera-tion agency within the Federal Department ofForeign Affairs (FDFA). It engages in direct op-erations, supports the programmes of multilateralorganisations and helps finance programmesrun by Swiss and international relief organisa-tions.

// SDC aid to agriculture and ruraldevelopment

// SDC and the Platform

In policy and agricultural research, the Plat-form provides a forum for the exchange ofideas and experiences, resulting in mutuallearning, better coordination and the devel-opment of common views, positions and pri-orities. This increased complementaritybetween donors helps them make better useof their resources.

// Showcase

// PublicationsAsia Briefs inform development practitioners andthe public about the impacts of Swiss developmentcooperation in Asia. Preserving the Green Gold ofMongolia summarises work on rehabilitatingMongolia’s pastures and empowering the herderswho depend on them. Under biological control –Enhancing maize production in DPR Koreasummarises integrated pest management and ca-pacity development of maize farmers.

SDC’s contribution towards biodiversity: Impact inthe Andean region is an external evaluation ofSDC’s work in this region.

Metal silos and food security gives an accountof lessons learned from a successful CentralAmerican post-harvest programme (in Spanishand English).

// EventsThe SDC Land Day, which included contribu-tions from the International Institute for Sus-tainable Development, the International LandCoalition and private sector representatives,aimed to share information and build aware-ness among the Swiss people.

80 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths SDC l

120

100

80

60

40

20

02008 2009

Year

SDC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries

€m

illio

ncu

rren

tpr

ices

20

15

10

5

02008 2009

Year

SDC aid to agriculture, and rural developmentas a proportion of SDC total budget

€m

illio

ncu

rren

tpr

ices

PDF

PDF

PDF

PDF

SDC also contributed to the Platform Land Dayto promote a common understanding of thetopic and develop ideas towards shared or com-plementary positions.

// WebsitesSDC Agriculture and Rural Development:

SDC’s network covering major ARD themes aswell as two in-depth themes: land governanceand rural advisory services.

Postcosecha: the post-harvest approachusing metal silos funded by SDC.

// InitiativesAn SDC-wide network on agriculture and rural de-velopment is being developed to reach partners,other institutions and centres of competence. Theaim is to increase institutional knowledge andcompetence in agriculture and rural development.This should result in more relevant and efficientprogrammes and more meaningful policy dialoguein the sector.

Together with other Platform members, SDC con-tributed to the launch of the Platform Land Work-ing Group. The group aims to share knowledge anddevelop common understanding, priorities and po-sitions.

Area Number of Amount Anticipatedprogrammes disbursed outcomes

Agriculturalresearch

Production

Market

Sustainablemanagementof naturalresources

Agriculturalpolicy

€26 million

€21 million

€21 million

€11 million

€11 million

Agricultural research better oriented towardsthe interests of smallholders

Enhanced production by smallholders

Better market access for smallholders and re-mote rural areas; higher incomes; enhancedfood security

Improved management of natural resources(soil, water, vegetation, biodiversity) in relationto agriculture and rural development

Coherent, poverty-relevant policies in agri-culture and rural development

29

32

22

16

14

// Priorities

SDC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 81l

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sdc-ruraldevelopment.ch/ postcosecha.net/WWW WWW

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Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

The World Bankl

The World Bank Group increased the Global FoodCrisis Response Program (GFRP) which pays forfood for the poor, provides nutritional supplementsto women and children and covers the cost of foodimports and seed.

// World Bank aid to agriculture andrural development

// World Bank and the Platform

The Platform provides exceptional addedvalue through engagement and knowledgeexchange with a broad group of actors inagriculture and climate change. The WorldBank benefited from engagement andknowledge exchanges about large-scale re-sponsible agricultural investments and frombroad interactions about the food and agri-culture agenda and aid architecture.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP)The World Bank Group increased the GlobalFood Crisis Response Program (GFRP) to US$2billion in April 2009 to provide immediate reliefto countries hard hit by high food prices. GFRPwas created in May 2008 to reduce the threatthat high food prices and rising agriculturalproduction and marketing costs pose to theworld’s poor.

10

8

6

4

2

0

Perc

ent

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

02005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Fiscal Year

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Fiscal Year

US$

mill

ion

curr

entp

rice

s

World Bank IBRD/IDASpecial Financing

to agriculture and rural development

World Bank IBRD/IDASpecial Financing to agriculture

and rural development as a proportion of total

Working for a world free of poverty

82 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths The World Bank l

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

02005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Fiscal Year

World Bank aid to IBRD/IDA

Agriculture Action PlanOther related sectors

Agriculture, fishing and forestry

Public administration-agriculture, agriculturalmarkets and trade, agro-industry

US$

mill

ion

The money is used to feed poor children andother vulnerable groups and to provide nutri-tional supplements to pregnant women, lactat-ing mothers, infants and small children. It alsomeets the additional expenses of food importsand the purchase of seeds for the new season.

The Bank’s response has been articulated incoordination with the United Nations’ High-Level Task Force on food security. Through itsresponse, the Bank is supporting the imple-mentation of the joint Comprehensive Frame-work for Action.

// Showcase

// PublicationsRethinking Forest Partnerships and Benefit Shar-ing provides insights on factors and contextsthat make collaborative arrangements work forcommunities and landowners.Roots for Good Forest Outcomes presents ananalytical framework for governance reforms .

// EventsAgriculture and Rural Development Day at

the Copenhagen summit was attended by 160Bank staff and 40 external development profes-sionals, including staff from many Platformmember organisations.

// WebsitesAgricultural Risk Management includes

frameworks and guidelines for assessing supply-chain risk and also covers weather and food-pricerisk management.

Rural Livelihoods presents the World Bank’sapproaches and projects in areas ranging fromcommunity mobilization and skills training to mar-ket access and financial services.

PDF

The World Bank Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 83l

Programme Amount committed

Agriculturalproductivity

Linking farmers tomarkets

Rural non-farm

Reducing risk andvulnerability

Environmentalservices andsustainability

US$2.23 billion

US$1.08 billion

US$1.96 billion

US$0.84 billion

US$1.36 billion

PDF

WWW

WWW

WWW

worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOP-ICS/EXTARD/EXTRURLIV/0,,menuPK:5097036~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5097010,00.html

WWW siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/Resources/Benefit_Sharing_WEB.pdfWWW

WWW WWW

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC)

l

UNODC increases food security and productivityby raising awareness among small farmersabout illegal activities and providing incentivesfor cultivating alternatives to illicit drugs.

Among the lessons learned are that govern-ment involvement is critical to success and thatthe involvement of grassroots beneficiaries pro-motes community participation. Alternative de-velopment strategies should be included innational plans and mainstreamed into thebroader development agenda.

// UNODC aid to agricultureand rural development

// UNODC and the Platform

UNODC benefits from presentations by Plat-form members and other stakeholders dur-ing annual meetings. The continuousexchange of information and experiences,and access to members’ information andtechnical reports is also very useful.

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

// Achievements• Facilitated South–South cooperation,

especially among Latin American and SouthEast Asian states

• Raised awareness of small farmers aboutthe impacts of illegal logging and poaching

• Provided legal incentives for income-generating opportunities for small farmersengaged in illicit drug cultivation

• Improved food security• Increased agricultural productivity and

market links.

// Successes• Decreased the number of households

dependent on illicit drug cultivation• Improved the socio-economic situation of

small farmers• Increased the involvement of women in most

aspects of rural development• Promoted access to a multinational super-

market chain (Carrefour) for agriculturalproducts.

// Lessons learned• Government involvement at all levels is

critical to success and sustainability• Involvement of grassroots beneficiaries

drives community participation and ownership• Proper sequencing between development

and law enforcement is necessary• Proposed agricultural substitutes must have

pre-identified, secured markets• Alternative development policies and

approaches should be incorporated intonational plans

• International financial institutions must beengaged to make a sustainable impact onfarmers’ livelihoods and to make progresson the MDGs

• Drug control and alternative developmentapproaches must be mainstreamed into thebroader development agenda

84 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths UNODC l

120

100

80

60

40

20

02008 2009

Year

UNODC aid to agriculturual and rural development

US$

mill

ion

curr

entp

rice

s

Area Programme Amount Anticipateddisbursed outcomes

Food securitythrough illicitcultivation

Sustainableincome gene-ration and po-vertyreduction

Environmen-tal protection

Environmentand sustaina-ble incomegeneration

US$136,000(project startedDecember 2009)

US$165,000US$831,000

US$270,000

US$339,000

US$547,000

US$1.2 million

US$985,000

US$131,000

US$1.2 million

US$56.4 million

Improved food security and capacitiesfor the creation of farmers’ organisa-tions, local entrepreneurship andsmall enterprises, to help small farm-ers reintegrate into the mainstream

Improved food security and decreasingpoverty and dependency on illicit culti-vation

Replacement of illicit coca productionand trafficking by licit economic alter-natives

Improved food security and assistancein reaching the MDGs

Reduction in poverty levels

Agricultural production and improvednatural resource management

Expansion and consolidation of licitfarming economy

Improved employment opportunitiesfor young people in the traditional cocaproduction zone

Increased specialty coffee and cacaoproduction

Increased agricultural production andverification of reforestation pro-gramme

Lao PDR and Myanmar:Increasing food securityand promoting licit cropproduction and smallfarmer development

Myanmar: Two food secu-rity programmes (delaysin implementation)

Bolivia: Vocational train-ing and promotion of mi-croenterprises

Lao PDR: Houaphan al-ternative development

Lao PDR: Rehabilitation offormer opium-growingcommunities

Peru: Alternative develop-ment with an environ-mental approach inPichis-Palcazu, Aguaytiaand Huallaga

Peru: Alternative develop-ment with an environ-mental approach inApurimac-Ene and south-eastern coca valleys

Bolivia: Sustainable andintegrated managementof natural resources

Colombia: Alternative de-velopment in AntioquiaDepartment

Colombia: Support for themonitoring and imple-mentation of illicit cropreduction and alternativedevelopment strategy

// Priorities

UNODC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 85l

United States Agency forInternational Development (USAID)

l

At the 2009 G8 Summit in L’Aquila, global leaderspledged to take decisive action to address thechallenge of global food insecurity. US PresidentObama committed at least US$3.5 billion overthree years to improve food security, triggeringan additional US$18.5 billion from other donors.With the renewed US commitment to halvepoverty and hunger by 2015, USAID will expandagricultural research and capacity-building pro-gramming over the next five years.

// Priorities

// Global Hunger and Food Security Initiative(GHFSI): Feed the FutureTo fulfil its commitment to achieving the firstMillennium Development Goal, the United Statesbegan the GHFSI and released a consultationdocument on this in September 2009. Under theinitiative, the US would work with host govern-ments, development partners and other stake-holders who are committed to tackling the rootcauses of global hunger. The work would be im-plemented through the Feed the Future initiative,due to be launched in 2010.

// Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Develop-ment Programme (CAADP)USAID is building the institutional capacity ofgovernment organisations, regional economiccommunities and civil society groups to lead andmanage CAADP. Through the CAADP Partner-ship Platform, USAID encourages a stronger rolefor partners by developing strategies to coordi-nate activities better to achieve CAADP objec-tives.

// Science and technologyIn the push to meet the MDGs, USAID has in-creased its focus on science and technology. In2009, the agency was one of the top five donors tothe CGIAR and was an active participant in the re-form process that has been ongoing for two years.

USAID also provides research support throughthe Collaborative Research Support Programs(CRSPs). These programmes are long-term,multidisciplinary research and training initiativesthat recognise that international agricultural re-search is most successful through collaboration.Researchers from US universities work with sci-entists from universities in developing countries,national agricultural research systems, theCGIAR, US agricultural companies and NGOs toidentify research needs, design projects, analyseresults and disseminate knowledge.

Other agriculture-related science and technol-ogy programmes supported by USAID includethe Agriculture Biotechnology Support ProgramII, the Farmer-to-Farmer Program, the Interna-tional Fertilizer Development Center, the MiddleEast Regional Cooperation (MERC) Program, andthe US Israel Cooperative Development Re-search (CDR) Program.

// Climate changeAddressing the causes and effects of climatechange has been a key focus of USAID’s develop-ment assistance for over a decade. USAID hasfunded environmental programmes that have re-duced growth in greenhouse-gas emissionswhile promoting energy efficiency, forest conser-vation, biodiversity and other development goals.

This multiple-benefits approach aids economicdevelopment without sacrificing environmentalprotection. Active in more than 40 countries, theprogramme integrates climate change into thebroad range of USAID’s development assistanceactivities.

86 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths USAID l

From the American people

// USAID Collaborative Research SupportPrograms promote food security andsustainable solutions

The CRSPs are an important part of the foodsecurity initiative and promote sustainablesolutions. For example, the Integrated PestManagement CRSP received the Asia-PacificForum for Environment and Development’sSilver Medal 2008 for improving rural liveli-hoods and promoting sustainable and safervegetable production in Bangladesh.

The programme taught cucumber and melongrowers how to use pheromone traps tomonitor and control fruit flies. It encourageda national policy change, as the Departmentof Agriculture in Bangladesh supported theimport of pheromones. The programme con-tinues to grow as non-government organisa-tions have adopted the techniques and aretraining more farmers.

nepad-caadp.net/

us usaid.gov/our_work/agriculture/food_security.htm

USAID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 87l

WWW

WWW

World Food Programme (WFP)l

In 2009, WFP helped 101.3 million hungry peo-ple – 10 per cent of the world’s undernourishedpeople. Over 80 per cent of those assisted werewomen and children. WFP’s total expenditure in2009 was US$7.69 billion, up 13% from 2008.

// WFP indicative expenditures

// Achievements, success stories,lessons learned

• Addressing food access facilitatesagricultural development

• Locally supplied food and nutrition safetynets support local agricultural production

• Productive and social safety nets are criticalto sustaining gains in food production

• Food-for-training programmes can focus onfood and agricultural skills and practices

• Short, medium and long-term interventionsprovide opportunities for partnerships

• Purchasing food locally stimulates agricul-ture and market development

• Innovative procurement practices developnew interventions to support smallholderfarmers

• School feeding helps break the cycle ofhunger and poverty

• Throughout 2009, WFP supported govern-ment and community capacities in respondingto climate change

• WFP has made disaster preparedness andmanagement a key objective of its strategicplan

• WFP and the International Fund for Agricul-tural Development jointly established amechanism to reduce smallholder farmers’vulnerability to extreme weather events

• In 2009, WFP committed to a comprehensiveeffort to address the environmental risksassociated with displacement.

// Showcase

// PublicationsThe World Hunger Series Hunger and Marketsbook (2009) analyses the workings of markets inorder to identify the sources of market failures inaddressing hunger and malnutrition, and to high-light the ways in which they can be improved.

The Comprehensive Food Security & VulnerabilityAnalysis Guidelines is a unique tool designedto describe the profiles of food insecurity, identifythe causes of hunger and analyse the risks amongpopulations in crisis-prone countries.

In addition to these, WFP produced over 20 publi-cations relevant to agriculture and rural develop-ment.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publicationsand events relevant to agriculture and

rural development available at donorplatform.org.

88 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths WFP l

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

02006 2007 2008 2009

Year

US$

mill

ion

WPF indicative expenditures by project category

Bilateral trust funds and others

Relief

Development

Special operations

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Area Programmes Estimated Anticipateddirect expenses outcomes

Save lives andprotect liveli-hoods inemergencies

Prevent acutehunger andinvest in dis-aster prepa-redness andmitigationmeasures

Restore andrebuild livesand liveli-hoods inpost-conflict,post-disasteror transitionsituations

Reduce chro-nic hungerand under-nutrition

Strengthenthe capacitiesof countriesto reducehunger, inclu-ding hand-overstrategiesand localpurchase

US$1.8 billion

US$280 million

US$110 million

US$630 million

US$130 million

• Save lives and reduce acutemalnutrition

• Protect livelihoods and enhanceself-reliance

• Reach refugees, internallydisplaced persons (IDPs) andother vulnerable groups

• Strengthen capacities of govern-ments to respond to acute hunger

• Strengthen resilience ofcommunities through safetynets or asset creation

• Support the return of refugeesand IDPsSupport the re-establishment oflivelihoods and food and nutritionsecurity

• Assist in rebuilding food supplyor delivery capacities of countriesand communities

• Help countries bring under-nutrition below critical levels

• Increase levels of education andbasic nutrition and health

• Meet the food and nutritionneeds of those affected byHIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and otherpandemics

• Support the sustainable develop-ment of food and nutritionsecurity systems

• Develop clear hand-overstrategies to enhance nationallyowned solutions

• Strengthen the capacities ofcountries to predict and reducehunger

• Cash transfers andvouchers

• Emergency school feeding• Global food distribution• Micronutrient

supplementation• Supplementary feeding• Special operations

• Food for aid/workFood for training

• Global food distribution• Capacity development

(disaster/emergencypreparedness)

• Cash transfers and/or vouchers

• Food for aid/workFood for training

• Global food distribution• School feeding• Special operations

• Care and treatment (TB,ART and PMTCT)

• Cash transfers and/or vouchers

• Food for aid/workFood for training

• Micronutrientsupplementation

• Mitigation/safety nets (AIDS-affected households and OVC)

• Mother-and-child healthand nutrition

• School feeding

• Capacity development (localprocurement/hand-over/advocacy)Special operations

// Priorities 2009

WFP Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 89l

Prepared byPlatform Secretariat

EditorsPascal Corbé, Shaughn McArthur

Published byGlobal Donor Platform for Rural Developmentc/o Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)Dahlmannstraße 4, 53113 Bonn, Germany

Photo creditsFrontcover: Alison Preston, AusAID //Joshua Krämer, ACDI-CIDA // Surrender, FotoliaPage 3: Cornelia Pretzch, Fotolia // Ronnie, Fotolia //Pierre St-Jacques, ACDI-CIDAPage 7: Robert Gross mann, IFAD // Roger Le Moyne, ACDI-CIDA //Jay Directo, AFP PhotoPage 13: Cameraw, Fotolia // Rainer Sturm, Pixelio // Günter Guni, IstockPage 30: Wededa, Pixelio // Margorita, Fotolia // Patrizia Tilly, FotoliaBackcover: Klausi, Pixelio // marbod, Fotolia // Martina Berg, Fotolia

June 2010

90 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009

Global Donor Platformfor Rural Development