Lighting

LightingLauren Benson

UNIT 65:TECHNICAL STAGE OPERATIONS

• Gel frame and gels

• Adjustable arm

• Light bulb encased

• 15 amp plug

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• A parcan is mainly used to add depth to general cover and for aesthetics. You can’t control it i.e, make the beam bigger/smaller.

PARCAN BEAM ANGLE: 50°

• If I wanted to create a chase effect in a music gig I would use a parcan. This is because a parcan is used for aesthetics, and to add depth to general cover. I would use it over a birdie, because birdies have halogen bulbs which are 100 watt, which is not as powerful as a 500 watt parcan. I would also use it over a minuette profile, because profiles are used for more important things often including gobos and iris’.

COMPARE & CONTRAST

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• Dip switches to change it’s colour

• 13 or 15 amp plugs

• Controlled by a DMX cable

• Doesn’t get hot

• An LED par is often used for general cover. You can change it’s colour from the lighting desk, and it doesn’t require gels.

LED PARBEAM ANGLE: 55°

• I would use an LED par if I wanted to provide multiple colour, enabling the scene mood to change. This is because an LED par is connected with a DMX cable, allowing the colour to be changed at the desk. It is also energy saving and can produce primary colours without gels. I would use an LED par over a parcan because in order to change a parcan’s colour, I would have to change it’s gels. I would also use an LED par over a flood light because I would also have to change a flood light’s gels.

COMPARE & CONTRAST

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• Barn doors


• Adjustable arm

• 15 amp plug

• Adjustable knob to adjust beam angle

• The PC is used for a more defined light. It gives general cover and could also be used in the space of a spotlight due to it’s convex lense which intensifies light. It has a pebble lense, whereas other fresnels have ridged lenses.

PC – PEBBLE CONVEX (FRESNEL)BEAM ANGLE: 8°-31°

• I would use a PC if I didn’t have access to profiles, or the profiles were broken, and I needed to isolate an actor on stage. This is because a PC has the same pebble convex lense as the profiles. I would use a PC over a selecon because the selecon has a diffused light due to it’s ridged lense, and it can’t be focused. I would also use a PC over a CCT because it has the same lense as the selecon resulting in a diffused light, which can’t be focussed. I would need a defined light.

COMPARE & CONTRAST

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• Smallest fresnel


• Barn doors

• 15 amp plug

• Adjustable knob

• Adjustable arm

• Ridged glass lense

• The ridged lense of a CCT gives a diffused spread of light, so it could be used to give general cover. I would use a CCT over a Flood Light on stage because I can manipulate a CCT’s light shape with barn doors which a Flood Light doesn’t have.

CCT (FRESNEL)BEAM ANGLE: 6°-50°

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• Attached barn doors

• 2 adjustable knobs

• Ridged circular lense


• Newest fresnel

• A selecon has a ridged lense making it’s light diffused, which is used for general cover. The barn doors also allow the light to be manipulated. The selecon has a bigger beam angle than the CCT so I would use it over a CCT if I wanted to cover a larger area.

SELECON (FRESNEL)BEAM ANGLE:7°-60°

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• Gel frames and gels

• Barn doors

• 15 amp plug

• 1000 watt (double a single fresnel)

• Ridged glass lense

• Used for back light (on less than 50%)

• Every 2 fresnels for front light = 1 1K back light.

• The 1k’s lense diffuses it’s light for general cover. It’s barn doors can also manipulate it’s light to change it’s beam angle. I would use a 1K over a pinspot because a 1K is brighter and can be used for general cover.

1K (FRESNEL)BEAM ANGLE: 30°


• 15 amp plug

• G clamp

• Can’t be directed or controlled

• 500/600 watt

• Could be used in a combination for general cover.

• The flood light can only be on or off, but can have a gradient. The flood light is mainly used for cyclorama and lighting the audience. It is used in the rig or on the floor. I would choose a flood light over a Source Four to light an audience because I would get more coverage and a brighter light from a flood light.

FLOOD LIGHTBEAM ANGLE: 60°

• Halogen bulb (100 watt)

• G clamp

• Safety chain


• Barn doors

• 13 or 15 amp plug

• The Birdie is often used for aesthetic purposes such as in museum exhibitions or on a truss. It is also energy efficient and can be used to light the audience. I would use a Birdie over a flood light to light an audience because it is energy efficient and it’s light can be manipulated using it’s barn doors.

BIRDIEBEAM ANGLE: 35°

• Safety chain

• G clamp

• 13 or 15 amp plug

• The pinspot is normally used to light a glitter ball or in museum exhibitions. It’s bulb can be changed to achieve colour. You can’t direct a pinspot’s light and it has limited usage due to it’s lack of gel frame and barn doors. I would use a pinspot over a birdie to light an exhibition because it has a smaller beam angle, allowing more specific objects to be lit.

PINSPOTBEAM ANGLE: 8°-12°

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• 15 amp plug


• Gobos

• Built in shutters to manipulate light

• Iris

• The Source Four is used to light specifics on stage. It’s built in shutters give it the ability to change it’s circular light into a block shape. Although the Source Four and a Minuette Profile are very similar lights, I would use a Source Four over a Minuette Profile because it is a newer light, giving it a whiter light, and it is also energy saving.

SOURCE FOURBEAM ANGLE: 15.2°

• G clamp

• Safety chain

• 15 amp plug

• Shutters to manipulate light


• Gobos

• Iris

• 2 adjustments (one to focus and one to blur and make bigger)

• The Minuette Profile is used to light specifics on stage. It’s shutters manipulate light into any shape. I would use a Minuette Profile over a PC to light a small object because of the Minuette Profile’s ability to use an iris.

MINUETTE PROFILEBEAM ANGLE: 6°-48°

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