Life long illness
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Transcript of Life long illness
![Page 1: Life long illness](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032419/55a3fc811a28ab7a538b482f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Life-Long Conditions
Carrie - EpilepsyHannah – Cystic Fibrosis
Nimmy – Sickle Cell AnaemiaSophie – Crohn’s Disease
Sarah - Diabetes
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Epilepsy
• No uniform definition of Epilepsy but is used to describe a range of a condition by recurrent, unprovoked seizures
• Is a neurological condition which affects the brain and nervous system
• Electrical signals in the brain control the body’s function and if these signals are disrupted it can lead to an epileptic seizures
• Epilepsy can be caused by damage to the brain or a child’s genetic make-up
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Types of Seizures
• The two main types are;
• Partial (Focal) – where only one side of the brain is affected
• Generalised – where both sides of the brain are affected
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Treatment
• Balanced diet,
• Sleep
• Low levels of stress or anxiety
• Medication
– first line of treatment AED – lots to chose from
• Sodium Valproate - generalised seizures
• Carbamazepine - partial seizures
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Treat the child not the illness
It is important when treating a child with epilepsy, to try and gain an insight into how the illness affects them individually rather than textbook treatment (The Epilepsy Society 2011)
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Christopher’s Story
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Living with Cystic Fibrosis
• Claire
• NHS site
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Sickle Cell Anaemia
Sickle cell anaemia is inherited by
a recessive gene, which makes
red blood cells form into an
unusual crescent
shape, compared the normal
concave shape most red blood
cells have
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Normal cell Vs Sickle cell
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Who can get SCA?
• Much more common in people of African and Mediterranean descent
• Also seen in people from South and Central America, the Caribbean, and the Middle East
• Genetic counselling is available to known carriers
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Chances of being affected
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Sickle Cell Crisis
• Many types but more common is
vaso-occlusive crisis
• When the sickle cells become blocked within the person’s body causing pain
• No real explanation as to why this happens
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Pain Relief
• PCA
• NSAIDs - diclofenac or naproxen
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Treatment
• A bone marrow transplant
• Penicillin to help lower the risk of infection
• 1 mg dose of folic acid daily for life
• Blood transfusions
• Hydroxyurea – but lots of side effects
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Pamela’s Story
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Crohn’s Disease
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• Condition which causes inflammation of parts of the gut leading to :
– diarrhoea
– abdominal pain
– tiredness
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Treatment
• Strong medication
• Operation
– part of the intestine removed,
– Leaving a colostomy- an opening from the large bowel, to allow faeces to leave your body without passing through the anus
– Stoma bag
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Michael- Good Days
• School
• Job
• Socialising
• Strict diet
• Supplements and minerals
• Hospital weekly
• Empty stoma bag x 3 times every day
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Michael – bad days
• Severe pain – weeks on end
• Lack of sleep
• No school
• No job
• No socialising
• Frequent toilet visits
• House-bound
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Type 1 Diabetes
• 25,000 people under age of 25 in UK
• Serious life-threatening condition
• Incidence increasing especially in under 5s
• Occurs because of a lack of insulin
• Leads to high blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia)
• The Science Bit!
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Julie’s Story
• How she found out she had it
• Normal life
• When things go wrong
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Questions
1. What are the 2 main types of seizure?
2. What is a colostomy?
3. What is the difference between hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia?
4. Children with sickle cell anemia can stay well without being in hospital by taking penicillin every day to help risk of infection - can you think of any other way sickle cell patients can help themselves?
5. If a child came onto the ward with symptoms of tissue hypoxia what would be the nursing interventions?
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Answers
1. Partial & generalised
2. An opening from the large bowel to allow faeces to leave the body without passing through the anus
3. Hypo = low
hyper = high
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4.• Give oxygen – high
concentration on oxygen within alveoli increases diffusion of gas across membranes
• Avoid letting the child physically out do themselves – less oxygen need when not exercising
• Make sure their not under any emotion stress
• Possible blood transfusion – increased amount of RBCs, which carry oxygen to tissue cells, transfusion promotes circulation
• 5.• Eating a healthy diet –
high calorie and high protein
• Immunizations all up to date
• Isolate child from infection that is known
• Getting enough sleep• Controlling body
temperature (not being too hot or too cold)
• Folic acid – helps the body form RBCs
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Many thanks
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References – Epilepsy
• Marson, Williamson and Hutton 2003
• Glasper and Richardson 2010
• Panayiotopolous 2005
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References – Diabetes
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OOWhuC_9Lw - Accessed 23.11.11
• http://www.internurse.com/cgi-bin/go.pl/library/article.cgi?uid=40590;article=BJHA_3_3_121_124
Caring for a child with diabetes Accessed 13.11.11
• http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG015NICEguideline.pdf
NICE article accessed 14.11.11
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Reference - CF