life cycle of honey bee

8/13/2019 life cycle of honey bee

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Life Cycle Of Honey

Bee


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INTRODUCTION

The life cycle of a honey bee is perennial. Eachcolony contains three adult castes: egg-laying queens, sperm-producing male drones

and nonreproductive female workers. Theonly job of the drone is to mate with thequeen during seasonal mating flights, andsoon after discharging their sperm, dronesdie. Worker honey bees are able to live forsix weeks, while queens can survive up tofive years.


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LIFE CYCLE OF HONEY BEE

Egg HatchingFormation Of LarvaFormation Of PupaDivision Of LabourMechanism Of Honey Bee MatingLaying Of EggsLife Span Of Honey BeeBehaivor of Honey Bee


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EGG HATCHING

Each colony contains only one queen, which mates at anearly age and collects more than 5 million sperm. A honeybee queen has one mating flight and stores enoughsperm during the mating flight to lay eggs throughout herlife. When a queen can no longer lay eggs, new queensbecome responsible for mating and laying honey beeeggs.Honey bee eggs measure 1 to 1.5 mm long, about halfthe size of a single grain of rice. When the queen lays hereggs, she moves through the comb, closely examiningeach cell before laying her eggs. The process of layingone egg takes only a few seconds, and a queen iscapable of laying up to 2,000 honey bee eggs within asingle day.


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FORMATION OF LARVA

i Circle larva

The derma opens and the larva is released, which lies crooked on the cellground. The amah bees release a white fluid in the cell, that fills the lavasideways (lateral). The growth take place exponential (weightprogression, 2nd. day: 3,4 mg, 3th. day: 33,3 mg, 4th.Day: 100,1 mg,5th. day: 134,5 mg, 6th. day: 155,2 mg).ii Stretched larva

After 5,5 to 6 days the larva is too big to lay in the cell and it start to stretchupright itself. The mouth is direction to the cell opening. The cells wereclosed with an operculum - at that time this is the end of fading throughamah bees. The operculum is not airtight, otherwise the larva wouldntbe able to breathing. The after of the stretched larva has beendeveloped, so the larva from now on is defecating to the cell ground. Inthe defecot contain parts of pollen which were mixed to the nutritionsince the 4th. day. The larva starts to spider a cocoon round itself.


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FORMATION OF PUPA

We call it now pre-pupa, later pupa.15 days after the oviposition thelater adult could be recognized inrudimentary ways. The pupa is inthe beginning absolutely white -the pupa will be until hatch moreand more darker; this is theprocess of hardening of the chitin

coat. After the bite through theoperculum the adult insect(imago) gets out.


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DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF THE BEE


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DIVISION OF LABOUR

The queen require a time of 16 days from egg until adult the worker bee 21 days and the drone 24 days.This procedure is called holometaboly.Only on e queen is usually present in a hive. New virginqu eens dev elop in enlarged cells through differential feedingof royal jelly by workers. When the existing queen ages or dies orthe colony beco mes very large a new queen is raised by the worker bees . The virgin queen takes one or several nuptialflights and once she is established starts laying eggs in the hive.

A fertile queen is able to lay fertilized or unfertilized eggs. Eachunfertilized eg g contains a unique combinatio n of 5 0% of thequeen's genes [1] and develops into a haploid drone . The fertilizedeggs develop into either workers or virgin queens.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeepinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeepinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeepinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_jellyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_jellyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_jellyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worker_beehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worker_beehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee_life_cyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drone_(bee)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee_life_cyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drone_(bee)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drone_(bee)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee_life_cyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuptial_flightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worker_beehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_jellyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeepinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beekeeping


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Worker Drone

Queen


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MECHANISM OF HONEY BEE MATING

Drones fly in abundance in the early afternoon andare known to congregate in drone congregation areasa good distance away from the hive. Mating between a single drone and the queen lastsless than 5 seconds, and it is often completed within1-2 seconds.Soon after the mating the male dies.

After several mating during this flight , a queen storesupto 100 million sperm within her oviduct.Queen uses only a few of these sperm at a time inorder to fertilize egg throughout her life


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LAYING OF EGGS

Queens lay their egg in structural oval-shaped cells, whichstick to the nest ceiling. Worker honey bee fill the cell withroyal jelly to prevent larva from falling. Soon-to-be- workersare fed royal jelly during first two days, while future queensare given royal jelly through out the entire larval period.Queen control the sex of their off-spring: as egg passesthrough the ovary into oviduct, a queen can determineweather a particular egg is fertilized or not. Unfertilized egg

become drone bee, while fertilized egg develop into femaleworker and queen.


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LIFE SPAN OF HONEY BEE

The average lifespan of a queen is three tofour yearsdrones usually die upon mating or areexpelled from the hive before the winter.workers may live for a few weeks in thesummer and several months in areas with anextended winter.


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life cycle of honey bee

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