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![Page 1: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord
Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness
Sarah A Morrison, PT
Vice President Clinical Services
Shepherd Center
![Page 2: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives
• Define the life care planning process
• Describe how therapy interventions can be utilized for projecting lifetime costs for persons with spinal cord injury
• Describe other lifetime economic challenges for persons with spinal cord injury
![Page 3: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
IOM Commission Recommendations
• Cost benefit should be offset by savings elsewhere• Minimum benefits should reflect those provided
by small employers in private market• Should not cover treatments unless they
demonstrate superior outcomes to current treatments
• Only medically necessary services should be covered
![Page 4: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Given!
Value-Based Healthcare
Outcomes achieved = ValueCosts of achieving outcomes
![Page 5: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How will this Effect Rehabilitation Reimbursement?
• Probably through a bundled payment system– Most likely will include entire episode of care.
How will cost be allocated?– Providers need to be prepared to take risk, but
will they? – Most likely focus on high cost episodes of care
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Bundled Payments
• Advantages:– Focus on outcomes and
increased efficiency
– ??regulatory hassles??
– Force providers to become more integrated
– Consumer involvement more important
• Disadvantages:– Financial incentive for
providers to cut corners
– Who to control? Acute care?
– Elimination of small freestanding providers?
– How will unique providers be taken into account?
![Page 8: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Life Care Planning• A dynamic document based upon published
standards of practice comprehensive assessments, data analysis and research
• Provides an organized concise map for current and future needs with associated costs for individuals
• Performed by LCP in collaboration with interdisciplinary treatment team, practice guidelines, etc
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14 Common Topics• Projected evaluations
• Projected therapeutic modalities
• Diagnostic testing/education assessment
• Wheelchair mobility needs
• Aids for independent function
• Orthotics/prosthetics
• Home furnishings/accessories
• Drug/supply needs
• Home/attendant/facility care
• Future routoine medical care
• Transportation
• Health/strength maintenance
• Architectural renovations
![Page 10: Life Care Planning Projections for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Measure of Therapeutic Intervention Effectiveness Sarah A Morrison, PT Vice President.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c08d8550346a34f8b4fe3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Example of LCP Use for Outcome • Locomotor Training (LT)
– 5 days per week, 1.5 hours per day– Tx in body-weight supported environment, over
ground and in community– PT + 3 PT aides
• Participants– 4.5 yo boy; C8 AIS C;16 mos post;76 sessions– 61 yo woman; C3 AIS D; 16 mos post; 198 sessions
Morrison, SA et al. JNPT. 2012;36:144-153
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Clinical Results• 61 yo
– Increased LEM by14 points
– BBS increased from 6 to 47/56
– 6MWT increased from unable to 700 ft
– 10 MWT decreased from 0.05 m/s to 0.71 m/s
– Stairs improved from unable to 12 steps independently
– ADL’s improved from mostly dependent to mostly independent
• 4.5 yo– LEM unchanged
– GMFA 45.8% to 60.2%
– Increased mobility self care and mobility PEDI scores
– improved from unable to perform to 0.29 m/s (selected) and 0.48 m/s fastest walking speed
– Dependent to independent ambulation within home
– Able to perform stairs
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61 yo Pre and Post Life Time CostsLow End $PRE LT POST LT Difference
Equipment Needs $5,322 $180 $5,142
WC Needs $28,970 $0 $28,970
WC Accessories $4,140 $0 $4,140
WC Maintenance $9,775 $850 $8,925
Home Mods $50,000 $0 $50,000
Transportation $56,180 $0 $56,180
TOTAL $150,247 $2,010 $148,237
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4.5 yo Pre and Post Life Time CostsLow End $PRE LT POST LT Difference
Equipment Needs $22,240 $21,485 $(4,122)
WC Needs $95,285 $42,730 $52,555
WC Accessories $$35,190 $13,440 $21,750
WC Maintenance $35,070 $18,625 $16,450
Home Mods $50,000 $0 $50,000
Transportation $306,600 $980 $305,620
TOTAL $535,050 $97,260 $437,790
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Other Additional Costs
61 yo PRE LT 4.5 yo PRE LT
Annual Medical Expenses 387,345 1,370,094
Personal Care 377,370 1,039,916
Total 764,615 2,410,010
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Looking at the Value Equation
• Direct Cost for Providing LT– $78.40 higher cost
(personnel)/treatment session• Total increase in cost for 61 yo =
$15,721.20
• Total increase in cost for 4.5 yo = $6,034.40
Is it worth the $?
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Caution
• This was not a randomized controlled study
• LCP projections were only 1 point in time. However, outcomes were maintained at 6 months and 1 year.
• Aging process was taken into consideration with equipment needs
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Annual Charges and Cost
C1-4 ABC C5-8 ABC T1-S5 ABC AIS D
Annual Chg(1st year)
953,336 688,886 464,633 311,141
Annual Chg(post year 1)
165,554 101,560 61,550 37,792
Annual Direct Cost (1st year)
423,152 293,529 191,431 122,753
Annual Direct Cost (post yr 1)
150,508 89,254 49,147 33,535
Cao Y, Chen Y, DeVivo MJ. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2011;16(4):10-16
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Primary Causes for Rehospitalizations
% Mean LOS Charges Cost
Urinary 29.5% 7.3 days $24,007 $12,617
Skin 16.5% 19.8 days $75,872 $38,866
Respiratory 12.6% 7.5 days $29,975 $15,096
DeVivo MJ, Farris V. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2011;16(4):53-61
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Rehospitalizations
• Total days within 1st yr: 24.7• Top Causes:
– Diseases of genitourinary (45%)
– Disease of the skin (17.7%)
– Diseases of the respiratory system (15.3%)
– Diseases of circulatory system (11.2%)
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Cost of Care With and Without Pressure Ulcer
Stroupe KT, et al. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2011;16(4):62-73
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What About Other Interventions?