Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report Strategic Repo… · - Kufra The Report is supplied...

Libya Oil and Gas Industry

Strategic Report

By

Eighth Edition November 2017

Produced By

This is the Eighth Edition of our definitive report on Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry. It contains 448 pages and includes data on over 80 developed and undeveloped fields.

For a full list of clients see: http://www.bayphase.com/clients.php

Our Product Clients

Introduction

This report charts Libya’s oil and gas potential and is a must for anyone interested in engaging in its oil and gas sector.

Libya's proximity to Europe, its sweet high quality crude oil, its significant gas reserves make this report a must, not just for oil and gas professionals, but also for those interested in assessing Libya's strategic impact on hydrocarbon supplies to the EU and the USA.

This issue includes the results of the licensing awards made since lifting of sanctions and exploration drilling conducted in license areas.

This Report is the Eighth Edition of Bayphase's Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report. It provides a comprehensive review of Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry, including these elements:

- Upstream: Fields, Production Facilities and Exploration Potential - Midstream: Pipelines, Terminals - Downstream: Refineries, Petrochemical Plants, Gas Processing Plants - Infrastructure: Power Generation, Transportation

Though the Report presents an industry wide assessment its main focus is Libya's upstream oil and gas fields and their production facilities. Here a basinal view of Libya has been taken with the country categorized in to its six main sedimentary basins:

- Sirte - Ghadames - Murzuk - Offshore/Tripolitania - Cyrenica - Kufra

The Report is supplied with a folded copy of the latest edition of our Libya Exploration and Production Three Map Set.

The report provides analysis and enhanced data sets on over 80 oil and gas fields; some currently in production - others undeveloped awaiting investment. This also includes historical production figures for each of fields in Libya 2003-2014.

The report also examines licensing and Exploration Potential in all of Libya's sedimentary basins to provide an assessment of the investment likely to be expended in exploration activities and the reserves increments that could potentially result.

For one year following, purchasing customers will be supplied with any updates made to the report.

From an Oil Reserves Perspective the report charts Libya's proven plus probable potential remaining reserves of 67 Billion bbls.

From a Gas Reserves Perspective the report charts Libya's proven plus probable potential remaining reserves of 89 Trillion Standard Cubic Feet

From an Investment Perspective the report shows how between 46 and 81 Billion Dollars of investment will be required by Libya's oil and gas industry over the next 15 years to unlock its production potential.

We have developed a companion publication to this Report that analyses the economics associated with each of the fields we have identified here - see the Libya Fields Financial Report web page for more details.

Report History:

i. 1st Edition October 2007 - 420 pages ii. 2nd Edition December 2007 - 437 pages

iii. 3rd Edition May 2009 - 442 Pages iv. 4th Edition July 2011 - 450 Pages v. 5th Edition February 2012 - 455 Pages

vi. 6th Edition March 2013 - 455 Pages vii. 7th Edition March 2014 – 438 Pages

viii. 8th Edition November 2017 – 448 Pages

What You Get:

- Paper Version of our current Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report - Free Searchable pdf of our current Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report - Paper Version (Folded) of our current Libya E&P Three Map Set

The analysis carried out on the 80 fields is indicated by the field sample provided below:

1.1.1.1.1.1 Hofra This field is also known as Jofra or Al Hufrah. This section refers to both the Hofra and Dahra East Fields, as they are part of the same structure. The Hofra field was discovered by Mobil in 1958, in concession 11. In 1989 Oasis discovered the Dhara East (F) oil pool in concession 32, which subsequently proved to be part of the same structure as Mobil’s Hofra discovery. It is believed that Oasis and Mobil developed their parts of the field independently, with Oasis’ Dahra East coming on stream in 1962 and Mobil’s Hofra a year later, in 1963.

There are three reservoir intervals present in the Hofra Field, all of which are Palaeocene Carbonates, separated by shale intervals (Rabia Shale acts as a cap for the Upper Satal, Khalifah Shale seals the Az Zahrah Limestone and the Harash/Khayir Shale caps the Zaltan Limestone). The Upper Satal and Az Zahrah Limestones extend over the whole area of the field and are 130m and 90m thick respectively. The Az Zahrah accumulation also contains a gas cap. The Zaltan Limestone is represented by high-energy facies only on the eastern side of the Dahra-Hofra High, and shales out rapidly to the West. It has a thickness of 60 to 100m. In addition, the field also contains two minor gas bearing intervals.

The trap is structural for the Upper Satal Member, being a low relief anticline oriented northwest. However, the other two intervals are stratigraphic traps, with the Az Zahrah Limestone pinching out to the West and the Zaltan Limestone shaling out in the same direction. The hydrocarbons are believed to have been sourced from the Sirte Shale, likely from the Maradah Trough kitchen. Oils are oversaturated, and gas caps are present. The oil initially in place is estimated at 2.8 billion barrels, while the initial reserves were 621 million barrels.

Over 170 wells have been drilled on the structure, but most are now shut in. Water is injected by three wells to support the reservoir pressure. The field also produces gas from five wells.

Key Field Data Table 1.1: Hofra Key Field Data

Parameter Value Discovery Date 1958, 1959 On-stream Date 1962, 1963

Recoverable Reserves

Original Oil (Million Barrels) 621 Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) 310.5

Remaining Oil (Million Barrels) 250 (estimate) Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) 125 (estimate)

Prospective Resources (Upside Exploration Potential)

Oil (Million Barrels) 50 Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) -

Production Current Oil (Barrels per day) 4,000

Gas (Million Standard Cubic Feet per day) 2 (estimate)

Potential Oil (Barrels per day) 50,000 (estimate) Gas (Million Standard Cubic Feet per day) 25 (estimate)

Geology

Producing Horizon(s)

Upper Satal Member (Danian, Paleocene); Az

Zahrah (Dahra) Formation (Paleocene);

Zaltan Limestone (Paleocene)

Rock Type(s) Limestone (all intervals) Reservoir Depth (Feet) 2,660 – 2,700

Gross Rock Volume (Million Cubic Feet) Reservoir Thickness (Feet)

Porosity (%) 20 – 25

Fluid Properties

Oil

Gravity (º API) 29.2 – 47 Sulphur Content (wt %)

Pour Point (°C) 5 Wax Content (wt %)

Gas

Gas Oil Ratio (Standard Cubic Feet/barrel) 500 Hydrogen Sulphide Content (mol %) 0.6

Carbon Dioxide Content (mol %) 1.6 Molecular Weight

Existing Facilities

Subsurface Number of Producers 5 (estimate)

Number of Gas Injectors - Number of Water Injectors 3

Surface Separation Capacity (bpd) 80,000

Compression Capacity (MMscfd) 50 (estimate) Acid Gas Treatment Capacity (MMscfd) -

A further piece of key data we have been able to establish, based on our in-country research, data gathering processes and review and cross-correlation of field reports and literature is the field’s production history from the years 2003-2014. This is presented in the table below on the average daily production figures (bopd). This table has been compiled on a best-effort basis.

Table 1.2: Hofra Average Daily Oil Production

Year Average Daily Oil Production

(bopd) Year

Average Daily Oil Production

(bopd) Year

Average Daily Oil Production

(bopd) 2003 4,560 2007 3,790 2011 2,390 2004 4,130 2008 3,240 2012 1,730 2005 3,770 2009 3,750 2013 920 2006 3,860 2010 2,890 2014 0

Commercial Data The field is operated by Veba Oil Operations B.V., a joint venture between Petro-Canada (49% interest) and the National Oil Corporation (51% interest). The contract was due to expire on 30th December 2015. Table 1.3: Hofra Commercial Data

Parameter Value Contract Type Joint Venture Contract Effective Date Operator Veba Oil Operations

Equity (%)

Petro-Canada 49 NOC 51

Investment Requirement The operator has yet to publicise their plans for the future redevelopment of this field. Our view is that from a purely technical standpoint the field could benefit from additional investment. Whether this investment is conducted solely by Petro-Canada or with outside assistance has yet to be decided. Below we present what we believe would be a probable redevelopment plan given the current status of the field. In our view redevelopment would be conducted in a number of stages:

• Work over and re-completion of a significant proportion of the existing producers to achieve improved reliable recovery from areas currently in production.

• Refurbishment of existing production equipment to provide a reliable production base with this followed by a production expansion to allow for additional production from the existing field and incorporation of 1 new discovery.

• Implementation of a seismic survey and assessment of the field to gather data to plan further redevelopment activities.

• Implementation of appraisal drilling and assessment of data to plan further redevelopment activities.

• Implementation of infill drilling targeting poorly drained areas of the field identified by seismic and other surveys.

• Implementation of exploration drilling to test targets identified by seismic survey.

• Development and tie-back of 1 assumed successful discovery with reserves of 50 million barrels made during the exploration phase.

The program outlined above is one that might typically be adopted in the redevelopment of any old large producing field. In addition there may well be an opportunity for tertiary recovery on

this field though this would appear to be a distant target outside of our timescale of consideration. Table 1.4: Hofra Redevelopment Investment Summary

Project Rationale Time Frame

(Years) 1

Cost Estimate (Million $)2

High Low Subsurface Work Over and Re-complete existing producers and injectors

Work over and re-complete selected producers to boost production from field areas currently in production and to achieve reliable production from the existing wells; Number of wells: 5

1 - 5 15.9 29.4

Seismic Survey Implementation of seismic survey over field area to assess redevelopment options and potential exploration targets. Includes a 600km2 3D Survey.

2 – 4 21.2 39.2

Infill Drilling Drilling of producers to produce from field areas currently not in production; Number of Producers: 10

2 – 3 42.4 78.4

Exploration Drilling Drilling of exploration wells to test exploration targets; Number of Wells: 2 Exploration 4 – 6 21.2 39.2

Appraisal Drilling Drilling of appraisal wells. Number of Wells: 2. 6 – 8 10.6 19.6 Development Drilling Discovered Field

Drilling of producers to produce from assumed discovery with 50 million barrels recoverable; Number of Producers: 5.

7 – 9 26.5 49

Subtotal 138 254.8 Surface Surface Facilities Rehabilitation

Refurbishment of existing facility to maintain stable production includes replacement of equipment, control systems and material where necessary.

1 - 2 31.8 58.8

Surface Facilities Expansion and Incorporation of 1 Discovery

This includes installation of well pads, gathering flow lines, inter field pipelines and modifications to the existing production system to process production from the existing field and the assumed discovery

4 - 9 233.5 431.2

Subtotal 265.3 490 Total 403 745

1 Time frame is our expectation of when the investment will be implemented based on announcement made by operators and in the case of potential investments identified during the course of this study our assessment of potential timescale. An investment with the time frame 2 – 5 is expected to start 2 years following date of issue of this report and to be complete within 3 years. 2 The cost ranges reflect the uncertainty associated with the actual work scope that will have to be implemented.

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Table of Contents1 Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................................... 31 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... 11

1.1 OIL AND GAS INVENTORY ........................................................................................................................................ 111.2 OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ........................................................................................................................................... 11

1.2.1 Overall ............................................................................................................................................................. 111.2.1.1 Status ........................................................................................................................................................................... 111.2.1.2 Investment Requirements ............................................................................................................................................ 16

1.2.2 Upstream .......................................................................................................................................................... 161.2.2.1 Oil ................................................................................................................................................................................ 16

1.2.2.1.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 161.2.2.1.2 Production History .............................................................................................................................................. 171.2.2.1.3 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 27

1.2.2.2 Non-Associated Gas .................................................................................................................................................... 271.2.2.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 271.2.2.2.2 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 28

1.2.3 Midstream ........................................................................................................................................................ 281.2.3.1 Pipelines ...................................................................................................................................................................... 28

1.2.3.1.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 281.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 29

1.2.3.2 Crude Oil Terminals .................................................................................................................................................... 301.2.3.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 301.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 30

1.2.4 Downstream ..................................................................................................................................................... 311.2.4.1 Refineries ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31


1.2.4.2 Petrochemicals ............................................................................................................................................................. 321.2.4.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 321.2.4.2.2 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 33

1.2.4.3 Gas Processing ............................................................................................................................................................ 331.2.4.3.1 Natural Gas Liquids ............................................................................................................................................ 33

1.2.4.3.1.1 Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 331.2.4.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................. 34

1.2.4.3.2 Liquefied Natural Gas ......................................................................................................................................... 341.2.4.3.2.1 Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 341.2.4.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................. 34

1 Information provided in this report is copyright of Bayphase Limited and must not be reproduced in any medium without permission. You are permitted to copy some material for your immediate use and to share with close colleagues only. You must not republish any part of the data either on a website, or in any other medium, print, electronic or otherwise, or as part of any commercial service without the prior written permission of Bayphase Limited.


1.2.5 Infrastructure ................................................................................................................................................... 351.2.5.1 Transportation ............................................................................................................................................................. 35


1.2.5.2 Power ........................................................................................................................................................................... 351.2.5.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................... 361.2.5.2.2 Investment Requirement ..................................................................................................................................... 36

1.2.6 Local Contractor Capability ............................................................................................................................ 362 Oil and Gas Inventory ................................................................................................................................................... 37

2.1 OVERALL .................................................................................................................................................................. 372.2 OIL ........................................................................................................................................................................... 43

2.2.1 Sirte Basin ........................................................................................................................................................ 432.2.2 Ghadames Basin .............................................................................................................................................. 452.2.3 Murzuk Basin ................................................................................................................................................... 452.2.4 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ............................................................................................................................. 462.2.5 Cyrenaica ......................................................................................................................................................... 472.2.6 Kufra Basin ...................................................................................................................................................... 47

2.3 NON-ASSOCIATED GAS ............................................................................................................................................. 482.3.1 Sirte Basin ........................................................................................................................................................ 482.3.2 Ghadames Basin .............................................................................................................................................. 492.3.3 Murzuk Basin ................................................................................................................................................... 492.3.4 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ............................................................................................................................. 502.3.5 Cyrenaica ......................................................................................................................................................... 502.3.6 Kufra Basin ...................................................................................................................................................... 51

2.4 LICENSING ................................................................................................................................................................ 512.4.1 EPSA IV ........................................................................................................................................................... 522.4.2 Law No. 5 ......................................................................................................................................................... 55

3 Oil and Gas Industry ..................................................................................................................................................... 563.1 UPSTREAM ................................................................................................................................................................ 56

3.1.1 Oil .................................................................................................................................................................... 573.1.1.1 Production History ...................................................................................................................................................... 573.1.1.2 Sirte Basin ................................................................................................................................................................... 59

3.1.1.2.1 Producing Fields ................................................................................................................................................. 593.1.1.2.1.1 Abu Maras .................................................................................................................................................. 653.1.1.2.1.2 Ali ............................................................................................................................................................... 673.1.1.2.1.3 Almas .......................................................................................................................................................... 693.1.1.2.1.4 Amal ........................................................................................................................................................... 713.1.1.2.1.5 Antlat .......................................................................................................................................................... 743.1.1.2.1.6 Arbab .......................................................................................................................................................... 763.1.1.2.1.7 As-Sarah ..................................................................................................................................................... 783.1.1.2.1.8 Bahi ............................................................................................................................................................. 80


3.1.1.2.1.9 Balat ............................................................................................................................................................ 833.1.1.2.1.10 Beda .......................................................................................................................................................... 863.1.1.2.1.11 Bu Alawn .................................................................................................................................................. 893.1.1.2.1.12 Bu Attifel .................................................................................................................................................. 913.1.1.2.1.13 Dahra ......................................................................................................................................................... 943.1.1.2.1.14 Defa ........................................................................................................................................................... 973.1.1.2.1.15 Ed Dib ..................................................................................................................................................... 1003.1.1.2.1.16 El-Meheiriga ........................................................................................................................................... 1023.1.1.2.1.17 En Naga .................................................................................................................................................. 1053.1.1.2.1.18 Facha ....................................................................................................................................................... 1083.1.1.2.1.19 Farrud ...................................................................................................................................................... 1103.1.1.2.1.20 Fidda ....................................................................................................................................................... 1123.1.1.2.1.21 Ghani ....................................................................................................................................................... 1143.1.1.2.1.22 Gialo ....................................................................................................................................................... 1173.1.1.2.1.23 Hamid ..................................................................................................................................................... 1203.1.1.2.1.24 Hofra ....................................................................................................................................................... 1233.1.1.2.1.25 Intisar ...................................................................................................................................................... 1263.1.1.2.1.26 Kotla ....................................................................................................................................................... 1303.1.1.2.1.27 Lehib / Dor Marada ................................................................................................................................. 1323.1.1.2.1.28 Mabruk .................................................................................................................................................... 1353.1.1.2.1.29 Messla ..................................................................................................................................................... 1383.1.1.2.1.30 Nafoora ................................................................................................................................................... 1413.1.1.2.1.31 Nakhla ..................................................................................................................................................... 1443.1.1.2.1.32 Nasser (Formerly Zelten) ........................................................................................................................ 1473.1.1.2.1.33 Qusur ....................................................................................................................................................... 1503.1.1.2.1.34 Raguba .................................................................................................................................................... 1523.1.1.2.1.35 Rakb ........................................................................................................................................................ 1553.1.1.2.1.36 Rimal-Khatib .......................................................................................................................................... 1583.1.1.2.1.37 Sabah ....................................................................................................................................................... 1613.1.1.2.1.38 Safsaf ...................................................................................................................................................... 1643.1.1.2.1.39 Sahabi ..................................................................................................................................................... 1663.1.1.2.1.40 Samah ..................................................................................................................................................... 1693.1.1.2.1.41 Sarir Group ............................................................................................................................................. 1723.1.1.2.1.42 Shatirah ................................................................................................................................................... 1763.1.1.2.1.43 Tibisti ...................................................................................................................................................... 1783.1.1.2.1.44 Tuama ..................................................................................................................................................... 1813.1.1.2.1.45 Umm Al Farrud ....................................................................................................................................... 1833.1.1.2.1.46 Wadi ........................................................................................................................................................ 1853.1.1.2.1.47 Waha ....................................................................................................................................................... 1883.1.1.2.1.48 Zaggut ..................................................................................................................................................... 1913.1.1.2.1.49 Zella ........................................................................................................................................................ 1943.1.1.2.1.50 Zenad ...................................................................................................................................................... 1963.1.1.2.1.51 Other Producing Fields ........................................................................................................................... 198


3.1.1.2.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2013.1.1.2.2.1 Abu Quray ................................................................................................................................................ 2043.1.1.2.2.2 Beda South ................................................................................................................................................ 2063.1.1.2.2.3 En Naga A ................................................................................................................................................. 2073.1.1.2.2.4 Other Non-Producing Fields ..................................................................................................................... 209

3.1.1.2.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 2113.1.1.2.3.1 Activities ................................................................................................................................................... 2123.1.1.2.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 219

3.1.1.3 Ghadames Basin ........................................................................................................................................................ 2203.1.1.3.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 220

3.1.1.3.1.1 Hamada Group .......................................................................................................................................... 2223.1.1.3.1.2 Al Kabir Group ......................................................................................................................................... 225

3.1.1.3.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2283.1.1.3.2.1 Northern Group ......................................................................................................................................... 2303.1.1.3.2.2 Area 47 Group .......................................................................................................................................... 232


3.1.1.4 Murzuk Basin ............................................................................................................................................................ 2453.1.1.4.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 245

3.1.1.4.1.1 Elephant .................................................................................................................................................... 2473.1.1.4.1.2 El Sharara (NC 115 fields) ........................................................................................................................ 2503.1.1.4.1.3 NC 186 fields ............................................................................................................................................ 253

3.1.1.4.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2563.1.1.4.2.1 NC 101 Fields ........................................................................................................................................... 258


3.1.1.5 Offshore / Tripolitania Basin ..................................................................................................................................... 2643.1.1.5.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 264

3.1.1.5.1.1 Bouri ......................................................................................................................................................... 2663.1.1.5.1.2 Al Jurf ....................................................................................................................................................... 270

3.1.1.5.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2713.1.1.5.2.1 Small Undeveloped Fields ........................................................................................................................ 273


3.1.1.6 Cyrenaica ................................................................................................................................................................... 2783.1.1.6.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 2783.1.1.6.2 Non-Producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2783.1.1.6.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 278

3.1.1.6.3.1 Activities ................................................................................................................................................... 2783.1.1.6.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 279


3.1.1.7 Kufra Basin ................................................................................................................................................................ 2813.1.1.7.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 2813.1.1.7.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 2813.1.1.7.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 281

3.1.1.7.3.1 Activities ................................................................................................................................................... 2813.1.1.7.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 282

3.1.2 Non-Associated Gas ....................................................................................................................................... 2833.1.2.1 Production History .................................................................................................................................................... 2833.1.2.2 Sirte Basin ................................................................................................................................................................. 285

3.1.2.2.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 2853.1.2.2.1.1 As Sahel .................................................................................................................................................... 2873.1.2.2.1.2 As Surah .................................................................................................................................................... 2893.1.2.2.1.3 Assumud ................................................................................................................................................... 2913.1.2.2.1.4 Attahaddy .................................................................................................................................................. 2933.1.2.2.1.5 Faregh ....................................................................................................................................................... 2963.1.2.2.1.6 Hateiba ...................................................................................................................................................... 2993.1.2.2.1.7 Meghil ....................................................................................................................................................... 301

3.1.2.2.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 3033.1.2.2.2.1 Barrut I ...................................................................................................................................................... 3053.1.2.2.2.2 NC 98-A .................................................................................................................................................... 3073.1.2.2.2.3 Tabit .......................................................................................................................................................... 308

3.1.2.2.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 3103.1.2.3 Ghadames Basin ........................................................................................................................................................ 311

3.1.2.3.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 3113.1.2.3.1.1 Al Wafaa ................................................................................................................................................... 313

3.1.2.3.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 3153.1.2.3.2.1 Al Atshan .................................................................................................................................................. 318

3.1.2.3.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 3203.1.2.4 Murzuk Basin ............................................................................................................................................................ 321

3.1.2.4.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 3213.1.2.4.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 3213.1.2.4.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 321

3.1.2.5 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ....................................................................................................................................... 3223.1.2.5.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 322

3.1.2.5.1.1 Bahr Essalam ............................................................................................................................................ 3243.1.2.5.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 327

3.1.2.5.2.1 Small Non-Producing Gas Fields ............................................................................................................. 3293.1.2.5.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 331

3.1.2.6 Cyrenaica ................................................................................................................................................................... 3323.1.2.6.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 3323.1.2.6.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 3323.1.2.6.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 332

3.1.2.7 Kufra Basin ................................................................................................................................................................ 333


3.1.2.7.1 Producing Fields ............................................................................................................................................... 3333.1.2.7.2 Non-producing Fields ....................................................................................................................................... 3333.1.2.7.3 Exploration Potential ......................................................................................................................................... 333

3.2 MIDSTREAM ........................................................................................................................................................... 3343.2.1 Pipelines ........................................................................................................................................................ 334

3.2.1.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3343.2.1.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3343.2.1.3 Oil .............................................................................................................................................................................. 335

3.2.1.3.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................. 3373.2.1.3.2 Investment Requirement ................................................................................................................................... 338

3.2.1.3.2.1 Libya – Egypt ........................................................................................................................................... 3383.2.1.4 Gas ............................................................................................................................................................................. 339


3.2.2 Crude Oil Terminals ...................................................................................................................................... 3423.2.2.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3433.2.2.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3433.2.2.3 Existing Terminals .................................................................................................................................................... 343

3.2.2.3.1 Es Sider ............................................................................................................................................................. 3443.2.2.3.1.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3443.2.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 344

3.2.2.3.2 Marsa El Brega .................................................................................................................................................. 3443.2.2.3.2.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3443.2.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 345

3.2.2.3.3 Ras Lanuf .......................................................................................................................................................... 3453.2.2.3.3.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3453.2.2.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 345

3.2.2.3.4 Marsa El Hariga ................................................................................................................................................ 3453.2.2.3.4.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3463.2.2.3.4.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 346

3.2.2.3.5 Zueitina ............................................................................................................................................................. 3463.2.2.3.5.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3463.2.2.3.5.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 347

3.2.2.3.6 Zawia ................................................................................................................................................................. 3473.2.2.3.6.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................... 3473.2.2.3.6.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 348

3.3 DOWNSTREAM ........................................................................................................................................................ 3483.3.1 Refineries ....................................................................................................................................................... 349

3.3.1.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3493.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3493.3.1.3 Existing Refineries .................................................................................................................................................... 350

3.3.1.3.1 Ras Lanuf .......................................................................................................................................................... 3503.3.1.3.1.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 350


3.3.1.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 3523.3.1.3.2 Azzawiya ........................................................................................................................................................... 355

3.3.1.3.2.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3553.3.1.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 356

3.3.1.3.3 Marsa El Brega .................................................................................................................................................. 3603.3.1.3.3.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3603.3.1.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 361

3.3.1.3.4 Tobruk ............................................................................................................................................................... 3623.3.1.3.4.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3623.3.1.3.4.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 363

3.3.1.3.5 Sarir ................................................................................................................................................................... 3633.3.1.3.5.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3633.3.1.3.5.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 364

3.3.1.4 Proposed New Refineries .......................................................................................................................................... 3653.3.1.4.1 Sabha Refinery .................................................................................................................................................. 365

3.3.1.4.1.1 Proposed Operations ................................................................................................................................. 3653.3.1.4.1.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 366

3.3.2 Petrochemicals .............................................................................................................................................. 3673.3.2.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3673.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3683.3.2.3 Existing Petrochemicals Plants ................................................................................................................................. 369

3.3.2.3.1 Marsa el-Brega .................................................................................................................................................. 3693.3.2.3.1.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3693.3.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 369

3.3.2.3.2 Abu Kammash ................................................................................................................................................... 3693.3.2.3.2.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3693.3.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 369

3.3.2.3.3 Ras Lanuf .......................................................................................................................................................... 3703.3.2.3.3.1 Existing Operations .................................................................................................................................. 3703.3.2.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ........................................................................................................................... 370

3.3.2.4 Proposed Petrochemical Plants ................................................................................................................................. 3703.3.3 Gas Processing .............................................................................................................................................. 371

3.3.3.1 Natural Gas Liquids ................................................................................................................................................... 3713.3.3.1.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................. 3713.3.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ................................................................................................................................... 3723.3.3.1.3 Existing Natural Gas Liquids Plants ................................................................................................................. 372

3.3.3.1.3.1 Melitah ...................................................................................................................................................... 3723.3.3.1.3.2 Intisar ........................................................................................................................................................ 3733.3.3.1.3.3 Zueitina ..................................................................................................................................................... 374

3.3.3.1.4 Proposed Natural Gas Liquids Plants ................................................................................................................ 3753.3.3.2 Liquefied Natural Gas ............................................................................................................................................... 375



3.3.3.2.3 Existing Liquefied Natural Gas Plants .............................................................................................................. 3763.3.3.2.3.1 Marsa el Brega .......................................................................................................................................... 376

3.3.3.2.4 Proposed Liquefied Natural Gas Plants ............................................................................................................ 3783.4 INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................................... 378

3.4.1 Transportation ............................................................................................................................................... 3783.4.1.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3783.4.1.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3783.4.1.3 Roads ......................................................................................................................................................................... 379

3.4.1.3.1 Existing ............................................................................................................................................................. 3793.4.1.3.2 Investment Requirement ................................................................................................................................... 379

3.4.1.4 Railway ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3803.4.1.4.1 Existing ............................................................................................................................................................. 3803.4.1.4.2 Investment Requirement ................................................................................................................................... 380

3.4.1.5 Air .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3803.4.1.5.1 Existing. ............................................................................................................................................................ 3803.4.1.5.2 Investment Requirement. .................................................................................................................................. 381

3.4.1.6 Ports ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3813.4.1.6.1 Existing. ............................................................................................................................................................ 3813.4.1.6.2 Investment Requirement.. ................................................................................................................................. 382

3.4.2 Power ............................................................................................................................................................. 3833.4.2.1 Status ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3833.4.2.2 Investment Requirement ............................................................................................................................................ 3833.4.2.3 Generation ................................................................................................................................................................. 384


3.4.2.4 Transmission ............................................................................................................................................................. 3853.4.2.4.1 Status ................................................................................................................................................................. 3853.4.2.4.2 Investment Requirement ................................................................................................................................... 385

3.5 LOCAL CONTRACTOR CAPABILITY ......................................................................................................................... 386


List of Tables Table 1.1: Libya’s Potential Ultimately Recoverable Oil and Gas Reserves by Basin ..................... 13

Table 1.2: Libya’s Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Oil, Gas and Condensate Reserves by Petroleum Province .................................................................................................................... 14

Table 1.3: Summary of Investment Required for Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry and Associated Infrastructure .............................................................................................................................. 16

Table 1.4: Potential Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Base of Libya’s Upstream Oil Fields .......................................................................................................................................... 26

Table 1.5: Capital Investment Required of Libya’s Upstream Oil Fields ......................................... 27Table 1.6: Potential Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Base of Libya’s Upstream Non-

Associated Gas Fields ................................................................................................................ 27Table 1.7: Capital Investment Requirement of Libya’s Upstream Non-Associated Gas Fields ........ 28

Table 1.8: Summary of Libya’s Existing Pipeline Network .............................................................. 28Table 1.9: Libya’s Main Oil Pipelines running to the Oil Terminals ................................................ 29

Table 1.10: Proposed and Potential Pipeline Investments ................................................................. 29Table 1.11: Capacity of Libya’s Liquids Export Terminals Systems and Their Status ..................... 30

Table 1.12: Libya’s Export Terminals – Summary of Investment Requirement ............................... 30Table 1.13: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Oil Refining Capacity ................................................. 31

Table 1.14: Libya’s Refineries – Summary of Investment Requirement .......................................... 31Table 1.15: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Petrochemical Plant Capacity ..................................... 32

Table 1.16: Summary of Libya’s Investment Requirements for Petrochemical Plants ..................... 33Table 1.17: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Gas Processing Capacity ............................................ 33

Table 1.18: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate LNG Capacity ............................................................. 34Table 1.19: Libya's Gas Processing Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity ............................ 34

Table 1.20: Investment Requirement in Libya’s Transportation Infrastructure ................................ 35Table 1.21: Summary of Capital Investment Associated with Libya’s Power Generation Industry . 36

Table 2.1: Libya’s Potential Ultimately Recoverable Oil and Gas Reserves by Basin .................... 40Table 2.2: Libya’s Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Oil, Gas and Condensate Reserves by

Petroleum Province .................................................................................................................... 41Table 2.3: Sirte Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable

Reserves Summary ..................................................................................................................... 43Table 2.4: Ghadames Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining

Recoverable Reserves Summary ................................................................................................ 45Table 2.5: Murzuk Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining

Recoverable Reserves Summary ................................................................................................ 46

Table 2.6: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................................. 46


Table 2.7: Cyrenaica Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ..................................................................................................................... 47

Table 2.8: Kufra Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ................................................................................................ 47

Table 2.9: Sirte Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................................. 48

Table 2.10: Ghadames Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Summary .............................................................................. 49

Table 2.11: Murzuk Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................................. 50

Table 2.12: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................. 50

Table 2.13: Cyrenaica Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................................. 51

Table 2.14: Kufra Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ............................................................................. 51

Table 3.1: Libya’s Oil Production ...................................................................................................... 58

Table 3.2: Sirte Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ................................................... 59Table 3.3: Sirte Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ........................... 62

Table 3.4: Abu Maras Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 65Table 3.5: Abu Maras Commercial Data .......................................................................................... 65

Table 3.6: Abu Maras Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 66Table 3.7: Ali Key Field Data ............................................................................................................ 67

Table 3.8: Ali Commercial Data ........................................................................................................ 68Table 3.9: Ali Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................................ 68

Table 3.10: Almas Kay Field Data .................................................................................................... 69Table 3.11: Almas Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 70

Table 3.12: Almas Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................. 70Table 3.13: Amal Key Field Data ...................................................................................................... 71

Table 3.14: Amal Average Daily Oil Production .............................................................................. 72Table 3.15: Amal Key Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 72

Table 3.16: Amal Redevelopment Investment Summary .................................................................. 73Table 3.17: Antlat Key Field Data ..................................................................................................... 74

Table 3.18: Anlat Commercial Data .................................................................................................. 75Table 3.19: Antlat Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................. 75

Table 3.20: Arbab Kay Field Data ..................................................................................................... 76Table 3.21: Arbab Commercial Data ................................................................................................. 77

Table 3.22: Arbab Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................. 77


Table 3.23: As-Sarah Kay Field Data ................................................................................................ 78Table 3.24: As-Sarah Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................ 79Table 3.25: As-Sarah Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 79

Table 3.26: As-Sarah Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 80Table 3.27: Bahi Key Field Data ....................................................................................................... 81

Table 3.28: Bahi Commercial Data .................................................................................................... 82Table 3.29: Bahi Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................... 83

Table 3.30: Balat Key Field Data ....................................................................................................... 84Table 3.31: Balat Commercial Data ................................................................................................... 85

Table 3.32: Balat Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................... 85Table 3.33: Beda Key Field Data ....................................................................................................... 86

Table 3.34: Beda Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................................... 87Table 3.35: Beda Commercial Data ................................................................................................... 87

Table 3.36: Beda Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................... 88Table 3.37: Bu Alawn Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 89

Table 3.38: Bu Alawn Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 90Table 3.39: Bu Alawn Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 90

Table 3.40: Bu Attifel Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 92Table 3.41: Bu Attifel Average Daily Oil Production ....................................................................... 92

Table 3.42: Bu Attifel Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 93Table 3.43: Bu Attifel Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 93

Table 3.44: Dahra Key Field Data ..................................................................................................... 95Table 3.45: Dahra Average Daily Oil Production .............................................................................. 95

Table 3.46: Dahra Commercial Data ................................................................................................. 96Table 3.47: Dahra Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................. 97

Table 3.48: Defa Key Field Data ....................................................................................................... 98Table 3.49: Defa Average Daily Oil Production ................................................................................ 98

Table 3.50: Defa Commercial Data ................................................................................................... 99Table 3.51: Defa Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................. 100

Table 3.52: Ed Dib Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 101Table 3.53: Ed Dib Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 101

Table 3.54: Ed Dib Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 102Table 3.55: El-Meheiriga Key Field Data ........................................................................................ 103

Table 3.56: El-Meheiriga Commercial Data .................................................................................... 103Table 3.57: El-Meheiriga Redevelopment Investment Summary .................................................... 104

Table 3.58: En Naga Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 106


Table 3.59: En Naga Average Daily Oil Production ....................................................................... 106Table 3.60: En Naga Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 107Table 3.61: En Naga Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 107

Table 3.62: Facha Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 108Table 3.63: Facha Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 109

Table 3.64: Facha Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................... 110Table 3.65: Farrud Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 110

Table 3.66: Farrud Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 111Table 3.67: Farrud Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 111

Table 3.68: Fidda Key Field Data .................................................................................................... 112Table 3.69: Fidda Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................................ 113

Table 3.70: Fidda Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 113Table 3.71: Fidda Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................ 114

Table 3.72: Ghani Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 115Table 3.73: Ghani Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................................ 115

Table 3.74: Ghani Commercial Data ............................................................................................... 116Table 3.75: Ghani Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................... 116

Table 3.76: Gialo Key Field Data .................................................................................................... 117Table 3.77: Gialo Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................................ 118

Table 3.78: Gialo Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 119Table 3.79: Gialo Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................ 119

Table 3.80: Hamid Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 120Table 3.81: Hamid Average Daily Oil Production .......................................................................... 121

Table 3.82: Hamid Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 121Table 3.83: Hamid Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 122

Table 3.84: Hofra Key Field Data .................................................................................................... 123Table 3.85: Hofra Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................................ 124

Table 3.86: Hofra Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 124Table 3.87: Hofra Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................ 125

Table 3.88: Intisar Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 127Table 3.89: Intisar Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................... 128

Table 3.90: Intisar Commercial Data ............................................................................................... 128Table 3.91: Intisar Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................... 129

Table 3.92: Kotla Key Field Data .................................................................................................... 130Table 3.93: Kotla Commercial Data ................................................................................................ 131

Table 3.94: Kotla Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................................ 131


Table 3.95: Lehib / Dor Marada Key Field Data ............................................................................. 132Table 3.96: Lehib / Dor Marada Average Daily Oil Production ..................................................... 133Table 3.97: Lehib / Dor Marada Commercial Data ......................................................................... 133

Table 3.98: Lehib / Dor Marada Redevelopment Investment Summary ......................................... 134Table 3.99: Mabruk Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 135

Table 3.100: Mabruk Average Daily Oil Production ....................................................................... 136Table 3.101: Mabruk Commercial Data .......................................................................................... 136

Table 3.102: Mabruk Redevelopment Investment Summary .......................................................... 137Table 3.103: Messla Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 138

Table 3.104: Messla Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................ 139Table 3.105: Messla Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 139

Table 3.106: Messla Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 140Table 3.107: Nafoora Key Field Data .............................................................................................. 141

Table 3.108: Nafoora Average Daily Oil Production ...................................................................... 142Table 3.109: Nafoora-Augila Commercial Data .............................................................................. 142

Table 3.110: Nafoora Redevelopment Investment Summary .......................................................... 143Table 3.111: Nakhla Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 144

Table 3.112: Nakhla Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 145Table 3.113: Nakhla Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 146

Table 3.114: Nasser (Zelten) Key Field Data .................................................................................. 148Table 3.115: Nasser (Zelten) Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................... 149

Table 3.116: Nasser (Zelten) Commercial Data .............................................................................. 149Table 3.117: Nasser (Zelten Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................ 150

Table 3.118: Qusur Key Field Data ................................................................................................. 150Table 3.119: Qusur Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 151

Table 3.120: Qusur Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................. 152Table 3.121: Raguba Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 152

Table 3.122: Raguba Average Daily Oil Production ....................................................................... 153Table 3.123: Raguba Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 154

Table 3.124: Raguba Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 154Table 3.125: Rakb Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 155

Table 3.126: Rakb Commercial Data ............................................................................................... 156Table 3.127: Rakb Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................... 157

Table 3.128: Rimal-Khatib Key Field Data ..................................................................................... 158Table 3.129: Rimal-Khatib Average Daily Oil Production ............................................................. 159

Table 3.130: Rimal-Khatib Commercial Data ................................................................................. 159


Table 3.131: Rimal-Khatib Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................. 160Table 3.132: Sabah Key Field Data ................................................................................................. 162Table 3.133: Sabah Average Daily Oil Production .......................................................................... 162

Table 3.134: Sabah Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 163Table 3.135: Sabah Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 163

Table 3.136: Safsaf Key Field Data ................................................................................................. 164Table 3.137: Safsaf Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 165

Table 3.138: Safsaf Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................. 166Table 3.139: Sahabi Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 166

Table 3.140: Sabah Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 167Table 3.141: Sahabi Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 168

Table 3.142: Samah Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 169Table 3.143: Samah Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................ 170

Table 3.144: Samah Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 170Table 3.145: Samah Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 171

Table 3.146: Sarir C, Sarir L and Sarir North Features ................................................................... 172Table 3.147: Sarir Group Key Field Data ........................................................................................ 173

Table 3.148: Sarir Group Average Daily Oil Production ................................................................ 173Table 3.149: Sarir Group Commercial Data .................................................................................... 174

Table 3.150: Sarir Group Redevelopment Investment Summary .................................................... 175Table 3.151: Shatirah Key Field Data .............................................................................................. 176

Table 3.152: Shatirah Average Daily Oil Production ...................................................................... 176Table 3.153: Shatirah Commercial Data .......................................................................................... 177

Table 3.154: Shatirah Redevelopment Investment Summary .......................................................... 177Table 3.155: Tibisti Key Field Data ................................................................................................. 178

Table 3.156: Tibisti Average Daily Oil Production ......................................................................... 179Table 3.157: Tibisti Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 179

Table 3.158: Tibisti Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................. 180Table 3.159: Tuama Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 181

Table 3.160: Tuama Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 182Table 3.161: Tuama Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 183

Table 3.162: Umm al Farrud Key Field Data .................................................................................. 184Table 3.163: Umm Al Farrud Commercial Data ............................................................................. 184

Table 3.164: Umm Al Farrud Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................. 185Table 3.165: Wadi Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 185

Table 3.166: Wadi Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................... 186


Table 3.167: Wadi Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 186Table 3.168: Wadi Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 187Table 3.169: Waha Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 188

Table 3.170: Waha Average Daily Oil Production .......................................................................... 189Table 3.171: Waha Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 190

Table 3.172: Waha Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 190Table 3.173: Zaggut Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 192

Table 3.174: Zaggut Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 193Table 3.175: Zaggut Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 193

Table 3.176: Zella Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 194Table 3.177: Zella Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................... 194

Table 3.178: Zella Commercial Data ............................................................................................... 195Table 3.179: Zella Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................... 195

Table 3.180: Zenad Key Field Data ................................................................................................. 196Table 3.181: Zenad Commercial Data ............................................................................................. 197

Table 3.182: Zenad Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................. 198Table 3.183: Sirte - Small Producing Fields Key Field Data ........................................................... 199

Table 3.184: Sirte - Small Producing Fields Commercial Data ....................................................... 200Table 3.185: Sirte Small Producing Field Redevelopment Investment Summary .......................... 200

Table 3.186: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ..................................... 201Table 3.187: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ............. 204

Table 3.188: Abu Quray Key Field Data ......................................................................................... 204Table 3.189: Abu Quray Commercial Data ..................................................................................... 205

Table 3.190: Abu Quray Development Investment Summary ......................................................... 206Table 3.191: Beda South Key Field Data ........................................................................................ 206

Table 3.192: Beda South Commercial Data ..................................................................................... 207Table 3.193: En Naga A Key Field Data ......................................................................................... 207

Table 3.194: En Naga A Commercial Data ..................................................................................... 208Table 3.195: En Naga A Development Investment Summary ......................................................... 209

Table 3.196: Sirte - Small Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data .................................................. 210Table 3.197: Sirte – Small Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data .............................................. 210

Table 3.198: Sirte – Small Non-Producing Field Development Investment Summary ................... 211Table 3.199: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ..................................................... 213

Table 3.200: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ................................................ 213Table 3.201: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round .................................................... 213

Table 3.202: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round .................................................. 217


Table 3.203: Well results for YYYY1-6 discovery well ................................................................ 218Table 3.204: Well results for 6Q1-59 discovery well ..................................................................... 218Table 3.205: Well results for 6R1-59, 6P1-59 and UU1-71 discovery wells ................................. 218

Table 3.206: Sirte Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ................................ 219Table 3.207: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ........ 220

Table 3.208: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .............................................................................................................................. 221

Table 3.209: Hamada Group Key Field Data .................................................................................. 222Table 3.210: Hamada Group Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................... 223

Table 3.211: Hamada Group Commercial Data ............................................................................... 224Table 3.212: Hamada Group Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................. 224

Table 3.213: Al Kabir Group Key Field Data .................................................................................. 226Table 3.214: Al Kabir Group Commercial Data .............................................................................. 226

Table 3.215: Al Kabir Group Development Investment Summary ................................................. 227Table 3.216: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Non-producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary 228

Table 3.217: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Non-producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .............................................................................................................................. 230

Table 3.218: Northern Group Key Field Data ................................................................................. 230Table 3.219: Northern Group Commercial Data ............................................................................. 231

Table 3.220: Northern Group Development Investment Summary ................................................. 232Table 3.221: Area 47 drilling and testing status at January 12, 2009. ............................................. 234

Table 3.222: Area 47 Group Key Field Data ................................................................................... 236Table 3.223: Area 47 Group Commercial Data ............................................................................... 237

Table 3.224: Area 47 Group Development Investment Summary ................................................... 238Table 3.225: Ghadames Basin Blocks offered in EPSA4 first round ............................................. 240

Table 3.226: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ....................................... 242Table 3.227: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round .......................................... 242

Table 3.228: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ........................................ 242Table 3.229: Well results for recent discoveries in the Ghadames Basin ....................................... 243

Table 3.230: Ghadames Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ....................... 244Table 3.231: Murzuk Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ........................................ 245

Table 3.232: Murzuk Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ............... 246Table 3.233: Elephant Key Field Data ............................................................................................. 248

Table 3.234: Elephant Average Daily Oil Production ..................................................................... 249Table 3.235: Elephant Commercial Data ......................................................................................... 249

Table 3.236: Elephant Redevelopment Investment Summary ......................................................... 250


Table 3.237: El Sharara Key Field Data ......................................................................................... 251Table 3.238: El Sharara Average Daily Oil Production ................................................................... 252Table 3.239: El Sharara Commercial Data ...................................................................................... 252

Table 3.240: El Sharara Redevelopment Investment Summary ...................................................... 253Table 3.241: NC 186 Key Field Data .............................................................................................. 254

Table 3.242: NC 186 Average Daily Oil Production ....................................................................... 255Table 3.243: NC 186 Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 255

Table 3.244: NC 186 Development Investment Summary .............................................................. 256Table 3.245: Murzuk Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ................................ 257

Table 3.246: Murzuk Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ....... 258Table 3.247: NC101 Fields Key Field Data ..................................................................................... 258

Table 3.248: NC101 Fields Commercial Data ................................................................................. 259Table 3.249: NC101 Fields Development Investment Summary .................................................... 260

Table 3.250: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ................................................ 261Table 3.251: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ........................................... 262

Table 3.252: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ............................................... 262Table 3.253: Murzuk Basin Blocks offered in EPSA4 fourth round ............................................... 262

Table 3.254: Well results for recent discoveries in the Murzuk Basin ........................................... 263Table 3.255: Murzuk Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ........................... 263

Table 3.256: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ................... 264Table 3.257: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity

.................................................................................................................................................. 266Table 3.258: Bouri Key Field Data .................................................................................................. 267

Table 3.259: Bouri Average Daily Oil Production .......................................................................... 268Table 3.260: Bouri Commercial Data .............................................................................................. 268

Table 3.261: Bouri Redevelopment Investment Summary .............................................................. 269Table 3.262: Al Jurf Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 270

Table 3.263: Al Jurf Average Daily Oil Production ........................................................................ 270Table 3.264: Al Jurf Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 271

Table 3.265: Al Jurf Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 271Table 3.266: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ................... 271

Table 3.267: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .............................................................................................................................. 273

Table 3.268: Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data ........................................................................ 274Table 3.269: Tripolitania – Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data ............................................. 274


Table 3.270: Offshore/Tripolitania Small Non-Producing Field Redevelopment Investment Summary .................................................................................................................................. 275

Table 3.271: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ........................... 276

Table 3.272: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...................... 276Table 3.273: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ....................... 277

Table 3.274: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 277Table 3.275: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ....................................................... 278

Table 3.276: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round .................................................. 279Table 3.277: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...................................................... 279

Table 3.278: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round .................................................... 279Table 3.279: Cyrenaica Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing .................................. 280

Table 3.280: Kufra Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ............................................... 281Table 3.281: Kufra Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ................................................... 282

Table 3.282 Kufra Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ................................ 282Table 3.283: Libya’s Gas Production Split from 1999 to 2003 ....................................................... 283

Table 3.284: Libya’s Gas Production .............................................................................................. 283Table 3.285: Sirte Basin Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ............................................ 285

Table 3.286: Sirte Basin Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ................... 287Table 3.287: As Sahel Key Field Data ............................................................................................. 288

Table 3.288: As Sahel Commercial Data ......................................................................................... 288Table 3.289: As Sahel Redevelopment Investment Summary ......................................................... 289

Table 3.290: As Surah Key Field Data ............................................................................................ 290Table 3.291: As Surah Commercial Data ........................................................................................ 290

Table 3.292: As Surah Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................ 291Table 3.293: Assumud Key Field Data ............................................................................................ 292

Table 3.294: Assumud Commercial Data ........................................................................................ 292Table 3.295: Assumud Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................ 293

Table 3.296: Attahaddy Key Field Data .......................................................................................... 294Table 3.297: Attahaddy Commercial Data ...................................................................................... 295

Table 3.298: Attahaddy Redevelopment Investment Summary ...................................................... 295Table 3.299: Faregh Key Field Data ................................................................................................ 297

Table 3.300: Faregh Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 298Table 3.301: Faregh Redevelopment Investment Summary ............................................................ 298

Table 3.302: Hateiba Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 299Table 3.303: Hateiba Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 300

Table 3.304: Hateiba Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 301


Table 3.305: Meghil Key Field Data ............................................................................................... 301Table 3.306: Meghil Commercial Data ............................................................................................ 302Table 3.307: Meghil Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................... 303

Table 3.308: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary .................................... 304Table 3.309: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ............ 305

Table 3.310: Barrut I Key Field Data .............................................................................................. 305Table 3.311: Barrut I Commercial Data ........................................................................................... 306

Table 3.312: Barrut I Development Investment Summary .............................................................. 307Table 3.313: NC 98-A Key Field Data ............................................................................................ 307

Table 3.314: NC 98-A Commercial Data ........................................................................................ 308Table 3.315: Tabit Key Field Data ................................................................................................... 308

Table 3.316: Tabit Commercial Data ............................................................................................... 309Table 3.317: Tabit Development Investment Summary .................................................................. 310

Table 3.318: Ghadames Basin Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ................................... 311Table 3.319: Ghadames Basin Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ........... 313

Table 3.320: Al Wafaa Key Field Data ............................................................................................ 313Table 3.321: Al Wafaa Commercial Data ........................................................................................ 314

Table 3.322: Al Wafaa Redevelopment Investment Summary ........................................................ 315Table 3.323: Ghadames Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ........................... 316

Table 3.324: Ghadames Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ... 318Table 3.325: Al Atshan Key Data .................................................................................................... 318

Table 3.326: Al Atshan Commercial Data ....................................................................................... 319Table 3.327: Al Atshan Development Investment Summary .......................................................... 320

Table 3.328: Offshore/Tripolitania Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ............................ 322Table 3.329: Offshore/Tripolitania Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .... 324

Table 3.330: Bahr Essalam Key Field Data ..................................................................................... 325Table 3.331: Bahr Essalam Commercial Data ................................................................................. 325

Table 3.332: Bahr Essalam Redevelopment Investment Summary ................................................. 326Table 3.333: Offshore/Tripolitania Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary .................... 327

Table 3.334: Offshore/Tripolitania Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .................................................................................................................................................. 329

Table 3.335: Offshore/Tripolitania - Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data .................................. 329Table 3.336: Offshore/Tripolitania – Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data ............................. 330

Table 3.337: Offshore/Tripolitania Small Non-Producing Gas Field Redevelopment Investment Summary .................................................................................................................................. 330

Table 3.338: Summary of Libya’s Existing Pipeline Network ........................................................ 334


Table 3.339: Libya’s Main Oil Pipelines running to Oil Terminals ................................................ 334Table 3.340: Proposed and Potential Pipeline Investments ............................................................. 334Table 3.341: Libya’s Existing Crude Oil Pipelines ......................................................................... 337

Table 3.342: Libya’s Existing Oil Products Pipelines ..................................................................... 338Table 3.343: Libya's Main Oil Pipelines - Summary of Business Opportunity ............................... 338

Table 3.344: Libya’s Existing Natural Gas Pipelines ...................................................................... 341Table 3.345: Libya's Main Gas Pipelines - Summary of Business Opportunity .............................. 342

Table 3.346: Capacity of Libya’s Liquids Export Terminals Systems and Their Status ................. 343Table 3.347: Libya’s Export Terminals – Summary of Investment Requirement ........................... 343

Table 3.348: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Es Sider ........................................ 344Table 3.349: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Marsa El Brega ............................ 344

Table 3.350: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Ras Lanuf ..................................... 345Table 3.351: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Marsa El Hariga ........................... 346

Table 3.352: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Zueitina ........................................ 346Table 3.353: Type and size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Zawia ............................................ 347

Table 3.354: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Oil Refining Capacity ............................................. 349Table 3.355: Libya’s Refineries – Summary of Investment Requirement ...................................... 350

Table 3.356: Ras Lanuf Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ............................................. 350Table 3.357: Ras Lanuf Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ............................................ 352

Table 3.358: Ras Lanuf Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ............................... 353Table 3.359: Azzawiya Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ............................................. 355

Table 3.360: Azzawiya Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ............................................ 356Table 3.361: Zawia Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...................................... 358

Table 3.362: Marsa El Brega Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary .................................... 360Table 3.363: Marsa El Brega Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ................................... 361

Table 3.364: Marsa El Brega Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ....................... 361Table 3.365: Tobruk Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ................................................. 362

Table 3.366: Tobruk Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ................................................. 362Table 3.367: Tobruk Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects .................................... 363

Table 3.368: Sarir Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ..................................................... 363Table 3.369: SarirOil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...................................................... 364

Table 3.370: Sarir Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ........................................ 364Table 3.371: Sabha Refinery Complex Proposed Operations Summary ......................................... 365

Table 3.372: Sabha Refinery Proposed Product Capacities and Quality ......................................... 365Table 3.373: Proposed Sabha Refinery Complex Modernisation Projects ...................................... 366

Table 3.374: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Petrochemical Plant Capacity ................................. 367


Table 3.375: Summary of Investment Opportunity in Libya’s Petrochemical Industry .................. 368Table 3.376: Marsa el Brega Petrochemical Centre Existing Plants Summary ............................... 369Table 3.377: Summary of Abu Kammash ....................................................................................... 369

Table 3.378: Summary of Ras Lanuf ............................................................................................... 370Table 3.379: Summary of Ras Lanuf second phase development ................................................... 370

Table 3.380: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Gas Processing Capacity ........................................ 371Table 3.381: Melitah Existing Operations Summary ....................................................................... 372

Table 3.382: Melitah Product Capacities and Quality ..................................................................... 373Table 3.383: Intisar Existing Operations Summary ......................................................................... 373

Table 3.384: Intisar Product Capacities and Quality ....................................................................... 374Table 3.385: Zueitina Existing Operations Summary ...................................................................... 374

Table 3.386: Zueitina Product Capacities and Quality .................................................................... 375Table 3.387: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate LNG Capacity ......................................................... 376

Table 3.388: Libya's Gas Processing Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity ......................... 376Table 3.389: Technical Summary for the Marsa el Brega ............................................................... 377

Table 3.390: Marsa El Brega LNG Plant - Summary of Business Opportunity .............................. 378Table 3.391: Investment Requirement in Libya’s Transportation Infrastructure ............................ 378

Table 3.392: Total length paved and unpaved road in Libya ........................................................... 379Table 3.393: Libya's Key Roadways ............................................................................................... 379

Table 3.394: Libya’s Track Lengths ................................................................................................ 380Table 3.395: Libya’s Rail Network specification ............................................................................ 380

Table 3.396: Libya’s Airfield Types ............................................................................................... 380Table 3.397: Libya's Cargo Ports ..................................................................................................... 381

Table 3.398: Libya's Cargo Ports Development opportunities ........................................................ 382Table 3.399: Summary of Capital Investment Associated with Libya’s Power Generation Industry

.................................................................................................................................................. 383Table 3.400: Libya's Power Generation Plants ................................................................................ 384

Table 3.401: Libya's Development of Produced Power and Peak Load (1996 – 2004) .................. 384Table 3.402: Libya's Projected Power Demand ............................................................................... 384

Table 3.403: Libya's Proposed Power Plants ................................................................................... 384Table 3.404: Libya's Electricity Transmission Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity .......... 385

Table 3.405: Libyan Local Contracting Firms ................................................................................. 386


Index Basin

Cyrenaica, 11, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 40, 41, 47, 50, 51, 56, 57, 278, 279, 280, 282, 332

Ghadames, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 40, 41, 45, 49, 56, 57, 206, 214, 220, 221, 228, 229, 230, 239, 240, 242, 244, 259, 311, 312, 313, 315, 316, 317, 318, 321, 324, 337

Kufra, 11, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 40, 41, 47, 51, 56, 57, 281, 282, 333

Murzuk, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 31, 37, 38, 40, 41, 45, 46, 49, 50, 56, 57, 211, 213, 231, 239, 240, 245, 246, 250, 251, 256, 257, 258, 260, 261, 262, 263, 276, 278, 281, 318, 321, 337, 349, 350, 365

Offshore/Tripolitania, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 50, 56, 57, 264, 265, 266, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 322, 323, 324, 327, 328, 329, 330

Sirte, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 33, 37, 38, 40, 41, 43, 45, 48, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 67, 69, 76, 174, 199, 200, 201, 203, 204, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 219, 239, 240, 242, 276, 285, 286, 287, 303, 304, 305, 337, 360, 362

Commodity

Ammonia, 32, 33, 344, 367, 368, 369 Benzene, 32, 350, 367, 370

Butadiene, 32, 350, 367, 370 Butene-1, 32, 367, 370

Ethane, 370, 373, 374, 375, 377 Ethylene, 32, 367, 370

Ethylene dichloride, 32, 367, 369 Fuel Gas, 32, 297, 342, 367, 370, 376 Gas, 33, 34, 269, 348, 371, 373, 374, 375,

376 Gasoline, 352, 353, 354, 356, 357, 358,

359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 373, 374, 375, 377

HDPE, 32, 367, 370

Hydrocarbon feed stocks, 32, 367, 370

LLDPE, 32, 367, 370 LNG, 34, 35, 148, 213, 288, 299, 360, 375,

376, 377, 378 Methanol, 32, 33, 344, 367, 368, 369, 370

Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether, 32, 352, 354, 359, 367, 370

Oil, 31, 59, 60, 62, 64, 201, 204, 220, 222, 228, 229, 230, 245, 247, 256, 257, 258, 264, 266, 271, 272, 273, 285, 286, 287, 303, 304, 311, 312, 313, 315, 316, 317, 318, 322, 323, 327, 328, 329, 338, 342, 348, 349, 364

Polyethylene, 32, 367, 370 Polypropylene, 32, 367, 370

Polyvinyl Chloride, 32, 33, 367, 368, 369 Propylene, 32, 367, 370

Pyrolysis Gasoline, 32, 367, 370 Urea, 32, 33, 344, 367, 368, 369

Vinyl Chloride Monomer, 32, 367, 369 Infrastructure

Airports, 12, 35, 378, 379, 380, 381 Electricity Transmission, 385

Ports, 35, 378, 379, 381, 382 Benghazi, 382

Derna, 381, 382, 383 Khoms, 382

Marsa El Brega, 381, 382 Qasr Ahmed (Misurata), 381, 382

Ras Lanuf, 381, 382, 383 Tobruk, 381, 382

Tripoli, 381, 382 Zuara, 381, 382, 383

Zueitina, 381, 382 Power Generation, 33, 35, 36, 354, 360,

366, 383, 384, 385


Railway, 12, 35, 378, 380 Roads, 12, 35, 378, 379

International Energy Group

Al Ghurair Investments, 31, 355 Edison International, 217, 372

ETA Ascon Star Group, 31, 355 Star Petro Energy, 31, 355

TransAsia Gas International, 31, 355 International Oil Company

Addax, 216 Agip (ENI), 30, 91, 93, 158, 159, 160, 198,

216, 247, 249, 268, 274, 277, 281, 314, 326, 330, 333, 343

Amerada Hess, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97, 99, 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 213, 298, 308

BG, 213, 215, 281, 282

BP, 138, 139, 172, 174, 215 Bridas Corporation, 216

Burren Energy, 216 Centrica Energy, 217

Chevron, 215, 261 Chinese Petroleum, 262

CNPC, 237, 276, 277 ConocoPhillips, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97,

99, 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 215, 298, 308

Daesung, 249 Dow Chemical Co., 370

E.ON Ruhrgas, 217 Essar Group, 231, 259

ExxonMobil, 65, 71, 100, 108, 110, 114, 123, 132, 135, 149, 153, 156, 166, 167, 178, 183, 194, 196, 214, 215, 216, 279, 292, 299, 375, 376

Gaz De France, 216, 372 Gazprom, 213, 214, 216, 242

Hellenic Petroleum, 214, 217, 240

Hess, 216 Husky, 177 Hyundai, 249, 370

INA, 217 Indian Oil, 242

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, 214, 217 Inpex, 216, 262, 279

Itochu Corporation, 217 Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd, 217

Japex, 262, 279 JOGMEC, 217

Korea Gas Corporation, 217 Lasmo, 247, 249

Liwa, 213, 214, 261, 278 LUKoil, 216

Maersk, 216 Majuko Enterprise, 249

Marathon, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97, 99, 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 216, 298, 308

Medco, 237, 240

Mitsubishi Corporation, 217, 242, 276, 279 Mitsui, 217

MOL, 217 Mubadala Development, 217

Naftogaz Ukrainy, 216 Nippon Oil Exploration Ltd, 217, 276, 279

Norsk Hydro, 262 Novatek JSC, 216

Oasis, 80, 81, 83, 84, 94, 96, 97, 98, 117, 118, 119, 123, 142, 169, 170, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 281, 333

Occidental, 67, 69, 76, 77, 112, 113, 126, 128, 142, 161, 163, 164, 165, 194, 195, 213, 214, 216, 217, 261, 278, 372, 373, 374

Oil India, 242

Oil India, 213, 214, 217


OMV, 177, 214, 216, 252, 255, 261, 262, 277

ONGC Videsh, 216, 242, 276, 279

Pakistan Petroleum Ltd, 216 Pan American, 166, 167, 216

Pertamina, 213, 276 Petrobras, 216, 276

Petro-Canada, 65, 72, 73, 101, 105, 107, 109, 111, 116, 124, 125, 133, 151, 156, 179, 197, 208, 216, 306

Petrom, 250

Petronas Carigali, 216 Polskie Gornictwo Naftowe i Gazownictwo

(PGNiG), 216, 262 PTTEP, 216

Repsol, 34, 214, 216, 240, 250, 251, 252, 255, 261, 262, 276, 277, 376

RWE Dea, 214, 216, 279 Saga Petroleum Mabruk (Norsk Hydro),

43, 136, 261

Shell, 34, 74, 213, 216, 217, 377, 378 SK Energy, 249

Statoil, 216, 279, 281 Talisman, 216

Tatneft, 214, 242 Teikoku, 242

Total, 102, 103, 135, 136, 216, 252, 255, 261, 271, 273, 274, 279, 330

Turkish Petroleum, 262 Union Fenosa, 217

Veba Oil Operations B.V. (Petro-Canada), 72, 101, 109, 111, 116, 133, 197

Verenex, 232, 237, 238, 240, 242 Waha, 81, 82, 84, 85, 94, 96, 97, 99, 117,

170, 189, 190, 191, 199, 296, 297, 298, 308, 344

Wintershall, 78, 79, 120, 121, 145, 181, 182, 199, 216, 271, 274, 282, 330

Woodside, 212, 213, 214, 216, 240, 318, 319

Local Contractor

A T International, 386 Al Baraka Oilfield Services, 386

Al Enmaa Oilfield Services, 386 Al Motawaset for Oilfield Services, 386

Alpha Oil Field Services, 386 Atlas Oilfield Services, 386

Bosna-S Oil Services Co., 386 CSI (Group) Oilfield Services, 386

DAAM Co., 386 Dolphin Oilfield Services, 386

NAPSC, 386 Petrolibya Oilfield Services, 386

RS Libya – Baida Co., 386 SABEEL Company, 386

TeCo BH, 386 VAOS Limited, 386

Wadi Temsikt, 386 Non-associated Gas Field

3L1-11, 304 Al Atshan, 49, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320,

321 Al Wafaa, 49, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315,

324, 325, 337, 372 As Sahel, 49, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289

As Surah, 49, 285, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291 Assumud, 49, 285, 286, 287, 291, 292, 293

Attahaddy, 49, 285, 286, 287, 293, 294, 295, 377

Bahr Essalam, 50, 266, 313, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 329, 372

Barrut I, 49, 304, 305, 306, 307 C-NC 35A, 328, 329

D-NC 41, 328, 329 E-NC 137, 329


E-NC 41, 328, 329 Faregh, 49, 285, 286, 287, 296, 297, 298,

299, 342

G-NC 41, 328, 329 Hateiba, 49, 285, 286, 287, 299, 300, 301

H-NC 41, 328, 329 K-NC 41, 328, 329

Meghil, 49, 285, 286, 287, 301, 302, 303, 377

M-NC 41, 328, 329 NC 98-A, 49, 304, 305, 307, 308

P-NC 41, 328, 329 Tabit, 49, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310

Oil Field 3U-59, 203, 209

4T-59, 203, 209 A-137, 272, 273

Abraq, 203, 209 Abu Amud, 203, 209

Abu Maras, 43, 59, 61, 62, 65, 66 Abu Quray, 44, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206

Al Jurf, 46, 264, 265, 266, 270, 271, 273, 274

Al Kabir, 45, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 227 Al Kuf, 61, 198

Ali, 43, 59, 61, 62, 67, 68, 77 Almas, 43, 59, 61, 62, 69, 70, 77

Amal, 43, 57, 59, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73, 79, 87, 92, 95, 98, 106, 113, 115, 117, 118, 121, 124, 128, 133, 136, 139, 142, 149, 153, 159, 162, 170, 173, 176, 179, 186, 189, 194, 223, 249, 252, 255, 268, 270

A-NC 107, 203, 209

A-NC 125, 61, 198 A-NC 41, 272, 273

A-NC 74F, 203, 209 Antlat, 43, 59, 61, 62, 74, 75

Arbab, 44, 59, 61, 62, 76, 77

Area 47 Group, 232 Arshad, 61, 198 As-Sarah, 44, 59, 61, 62, 78, 79, 80, 341,

348 Aswad, 61, 199

Augila, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 139, 141, 142, 143, 155, 174, 207, 292, 307

Ayn Jarbi, 61, 199 Bahi, 33, 44, 59, 61, 62, 80, 81, 82, 83, 371

Balat, 44, 60, 61, 62, 83, 84, 85 Barrut N, 203, 209

Barrut T, 203, 209 Bazzuzi, 203, 209

Beda, 44, 60, 61, 62, 86, 87, 88, 139, 142, 174, 206, 207

Beda South, 45, 88, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207

Bilhizan, 61, 199 B-NC 171, 61, 199

B-NC137, 272, 273 Bouri, 46, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269,

273, 277, 324, 338, 341 Bu Alawn, 60, 61, 62, 89, 90

Bu Attifel, 33, 44, 60, 61, 62, 91, 92, 93, 141, 158, 287, 307, 371

C-137, 272, 273 Chadar, 203, 209

Choboc, 203, 209 C-NC 41, 272, 273

C-NC 98, 61, 199 C-NC137, 272, 273

D-137, 272, 273 Daba, 61, 199

Dafa, 98 Dahra, 44, 60, 61, 62, 94, 95, 96, 97, 123

DDD-59, 203, 209 Defa, 33, 44, 60, 61, 63, 97, 98, 99, 100,

371


D-NC 171, 61, 199 Dor Mansour, 61, 199 Dor Marada, 44, 60, 63, 132

E-137, 272, 273 E-92, 203, 210

Ed Dib, 44, 60, 61, 63, 100, 101, 102, 108, 114, 196

EE-80, 203, 210 El Sharara, 29, 46, 245, 246, 247, 250, 251,

252, 253, 254, 261, 334, 337, 338 Elephant, 29, 46, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249,

250, 334, 337 El-Meheiriga, 44, 60, 61, 63, 102, 103, 104

Emghayet, 221, 222 En Naga, 44, 60, 61, 63, 105, 106, 107,

207, 337 En Naga A, 45, 201, 203, 204, 207, 208,

209 E-NC 35A, 272, 273

Eteila, 61, 199 F-137, 272, 273

Facha, 44, 60, 61, 63, 108, 109, 110, 114, 150, 196

Farigh, 61, 199 Farrud, 44, 60, 61, 63, 110, 111, 183

Fidda, 44, 60, 61, 63, 112, 113, 114 F-NC 41, 272, 273

Gattar, 203, 210 Ghani, 44, 60, 61, 63, 100, 108, 114, 115,

116, 196 Ghziel, 221, 225

Gialo, 44, 60, 61, 63, 117, 119, 288, 296, 342

G-NC 35A, 272, 273 Hakim, 61, 199

Hamada, 29, 45, 87, 139, 142, 174, 207, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 231, 236, 237, 334, 355, 356

Hamid, 44, 60, 61, 63, 120, 121, 122, 181

Haram, 203, 210 Harash, 61, 199 HH-80, 203, 210

Hofra, 44, 60, 61, 63, 94, 123, 124, 125 Intisar, 33, 44, 60, 61, 63, 93, 102, 126,

127, 128, 129, 166, 176, 212, 296, 307, 371, 372, 373

Jakhira, 61, 199 Jebel, 61, 199

K-137, 272, 273 Karim, 203, 210

Khalifah, 61, 199 Khatib, 44, 60, 61, 64, 158, 159, 160

Khatt, 203, 210 KK-80, 203, 210

Kotla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 130, 131 L-51, 203, 210

Lehib, 44, 60, 61, 63, 132, 133, 134 Libba, 203, 210

Mabruk, 44, 60, 61, 63, 135, 136, 137 Majid, 61, 199

Majid N, 61, 199 Masrab, 61, 199

Messla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 138, 139, 140, 142, 174, 207, 350, 351

Meulagh, 61, 199 MM-82, 203, 210

Nafoora, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 139, 141, 142, 143, 155, 174, 207, 307, 341

Nafoora-Augila, 91 Nakhla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 144, 145, 146, 181

Nasser, 44, 57, 60, 63, 71, 147, 149, 150, 185, 288, 290, 301, 377

Nasser, 61, 148 NC 101, 46, 257, 258

NC 186, 46, 245, 246, 247, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256


NN-47, 203, 210 North Ghziel, 221, 225 Northern Group, 45, 228, 229, 230, 231,

232, 238 O-80, 203, 210

P-71, 61, 199 Qusur, 44, 60, 61, 63, 150, 151, 152

Raguba, 44, 60, 61, 64, 152, 154, 377 Rakb, 44, 60, 61, 64, 155, 156, 157

Rimal, 44, 60, 61, 64, 92, 158, 159, 160 RR-59, 61, 199

RR-71, 61, 199 Sabah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 161, 162, 163, 167

Safsaf, 44, 60, 61, 64, 164, 165, 166 Sahabi, 44, 60, 61, 64, 166, 168, 171

Samah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 83, 105, 169, 170, 337

Sarir, 44, 60, 61, 64, 87, 117, 139, 142, 172, 173, 174, 175, 207, 278, 350, 351, 362

Shatirah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 176, 177

T1-82, 203, 210 T-80, 203, 210

Tagrifat, 61, 199 Themar, 203, 210

Tibisti, 44, 60, 61, 64, 178, 179, 180 Tuama, 44, 60, 61, 64, 181, 182, 183

U-59/4, 61, 199 Umm Al Farrud, 44, 60, 61, 64, 110, 183,

184, 185 UU-80, 61, 199

V-59, 61, 199 Wadi, 44, 60, 61, 64, 185, 186, 187

Waha, 44, 60, 61, 64, 188, 190 Warid, 203, 210

Y-59, 203, 210 YY-59/4, 61, 199

Zaauam, 203, 210 Zaggut, 44, 60, 61, 64, 191, 192, 193 Zella, 44, 60, 61, 64, 194, 195

Zelten, 148 Zenad, 44, 60, 61, 64, 108, 196, 197, 198

Petrochemicals Abu Kammash, 32, 33, 367, 368, 369

Marsa El Brega, 32, 33, 288, 299, 341, 367, 368, 369

Ras Lanuf, 32, 33, 341, 367, 368, 370 Rafinery

Sarir, 351 Refinery

Marsa El Brega, 31, 91, 147, 294, 299, 349, 350, 360, 361

Ras Lanuf, 31, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 357, 360, 361, 363

Sabha (Murzuk), 31, 32, 349, 350, 365, 366, 367

Sarir, 31, 349, 350, 363, 364 Tobruk, 31, 278, 349, 350, 362, 363

Zawia, 31, 227, 231, 247, 349, 350, 355, 356, 357, 358, 360, 361, 363

State Oil Company AGOCO (Arabian Gulf Oil Company), 87,

88, 90, 131, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 167, 172, 174, 184, 198, 199, 207, 210, 223, 224, 226, 231, 241, 243, 362, 364

Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC), 247

National Oil Corporation (NOC), 43, 48, 54, 55, 65, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 116, 119, 124, 133, 136, 139, 142, 151, 156, 159, 163, 167, 170, 174, 177, 179, 189, 190, 195, 197, 200, 207, 208, 210, 211, 212, 214, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 247, 249, 252, 255, 261, 268, 271, 274, 276, 277, 278, 288, 290, 292, 298, 300, 302, 306, 308, 313, 314, 326, 330, 347, 348, 350, 352, 353, 355, 357, 365, 367, 370, 377, 378


SIPEX, 243 Sirte Oil Co. (SOC), 149, 153, 186, 198,

199, 209, 287, 288, 290, 292, 295, 299, 300, 302, 341, 345, 360, 377

Sonatrach, 216, 240, 241, 242, 243, 313

Zueitina Oil Co. (ZOC), 68, 70, 77, 113, 127, 128, 163, 165, 195, 199, 214, 347

Terminals Crude Oil

Es Sider, 30, 342, 343, 344 Marsa El Brega, 30, 34, 337, 341, 342,

343, 344, 345, 375

Marsa El Hariga (Tobruk), 30, 278, 342, 343, 345, 346

Ras Lanuf, 30, 155, 194, 342, 343, 345 Zawia, 30, 251, 254, 339, 342, 343, 347,

348 Zueitina, 30, 91, 342, 343, 346, 347

Address: St George’s House Knoll Road Camberley Surrey GU15 3SY United Kingdom

Telephone: +44 (0) 1276 682828 Fax: +44 (0) 1276 63334

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