Libro de gramatica 2
Transcript of Libro de gramatica 2
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Por: Nacho Kapcsos
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Imperfects pgs. 4-6
Preterite pg. 7
Car/gar/zar pg 8
Spock Verbs pgs. 9-10
Cucaracha Verbs pg. 11
Snake and Snakey pg. 12
Modal Verbs pg. 13
Adverbios pg. 14
Progressivo pg. 15
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El Futuro pgs. 16-18
Superlatives pg. 19
Formal Commands pg. 20
Prepositions pg. 21
Demonstratives pgs. 22-23
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Ir/er
ia iamos
ias iais
ia ian
Araba abamosabas abaisaba aban
• Used when an event occurs in the past or there is no beginning or end
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Ir
Ser
Ver
Iba Ibamos
Ibas Ibais
Iba Iban
Era Eramos
Eras Erais
Era Eran
Veia Veiamos
Veias Veiais
Veia Veian
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Todos los dias- everyday A menudo- often A veces- sometimes Siempre- always Cada dia- everyday Los lunes- Monday Generalmente- generally Mientras- as De vez en cuando- occasionally Muchas veces- very often Frecuentemente- frecuently
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Ar
Er/Ir
e amos
aste
o aron
i imos
iste
io ieron
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Irregular preterite that only changes in the first person singular
Ends in either car, gar, or zar
Car- que
Gar- gue
Zar- ce
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Hacer
Dar/Ver D-/V-
Hice
Hiciste
Hizo
Hicimos
Hicieron
-I
-iste
-io
-imos
-ieron
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Ir/SerFue
Fuiste
Fui
Fuimos
Fueron
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Drop the “I” in “ieron”!
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Snake preteritos (dormir y pedir)
Snakey preteritos (leer, creer, y oir)
-I -imos
-iste
-io -ieron
-I -imos
-iste
-yo -yeron
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Ir+a+ infinitive (going to do something)
Poder+a+infinitive (able to do something)
Querer+infinitive (want to do something)
Deber+infinitive (should do something)
Tener que+infinitive (to have to do something)
Soler+infinitive (to be accustomed to)
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Change the ending to the opposite gender
Claro clara claramente (clearly)
If there are two adverbs that modify the same verb, only the second one takes on the –mente, but the first one still has a feminine ending
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Is the –ing form of a verb
Used with estar + verb with an ending
Ar- ando
Er- endo
Ir- yendo
Past Progressive
Ar-ando
Er- iendo
Ir- yendo
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Infinitive +
-e-as-a
-emos-an
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Los Irregulares del Futuro
Decir dir-
Hacer har-
Poner pondr-
Salir saldr-
Tener tendr-
Valer vendr-
Poder podr-
Querer querr-
Saber sabr-
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Conditional: I would like to…
Me gustaria…
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Used when trying to say that something has more or less of something
Mas + adjective + que (the most…)
Menos + adjective + que (the least)
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Usted Affirmative
Put in the yo form and change to opposite vowel
Ar- e Er/Ir- a
• Usted Negative• No + same as above
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Izquierda Left
Derecha Right
Delante Before
Detras Behind
Cerca Close
Lejos Away
Abajo Below
Arriba Up
Enfrente Opposite
Encima Above
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Aqui Alli Alla
S M Este Ese Aquel
S F Esta Esa Aquella
P M Estos Esos Aquellos
P F Estas Esas Aquellas
• Esto, eso, y aquello- neuter form. Subject is unknown, could be masculine or feminine
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Primero-first
Segundo-second
Tercero-third
Cuarto-fourth
Quinto-fifth
Sexto-sixth
Septimo-seventh
Octavo-eighth
Novento-nineth
Decimo-tenth
• Must agree in quantity and gender•Primero and tercero drop the “o” when describing a singular, masculine object
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