Library Design & Technology
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Transcript of Library Design & Technology
Library Design & Technology
Anthony Chow, [email protected] Assistant Professor
Department of Library and Information StudiesThe University of North Carolina at Greensboro
--Jacquelyn White
Librarian, Forsyth County Public [email protected]
--Camilla Bahr
Study Introduction Personal examples User Trends Literature Review Research Method Findings Discussion and Recommendations
Overview
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How are patrons using technology and
interacting with library space? What are the library trends for design and
technology usage? Case studies of Greensboro and Charlotte
public libraries
Introduction
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At work My kids
Global communication Content creation
At our public library
Personal examples
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What the data tells us (Sources: ALA 2010; Chow& Bucknall, 2011) People are using libraries more than ever in all areas of
librarianship 86% of families with school-aged children reported visiting the
library (ALA, 2010) 18-24 (80%), 35-44 (73%), and 25-34 (70%) Top reasons for visiting a public library (more than one
choice):1. Books or associated media (77%)2. Training and Education (41% listed as top choice)3. Entertainment (35%)4. Resumes, job searching, careers (22%)5. Access to technology (17%)
Users Drive Technology Solutions
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New article: What Students Don’t Know (Kolowich,
2011) Digital natives, including top students, are not very
information literate Technology competence does not translate to information
literacy (growing up Google does not mean you know how to use it)
Virtual Reference study (Chow & Croxton, 2011) Faculty and staff prefer email and telephone Students prefer online chat (age was significant factor
and covariate) Familiarity and convenience were the primary factors
User Technology Trends
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Nationwide public library study (Chow, Bridges, & Commander, 2011;
n=1,219) 50% websites managed as part of his/her job 72% indicated no usability testing at all 49% offered virtual reference services (email – 83%, chat – 39%)
Virtual users – 1 billion accounts worldwide largely 97% of all virtual accounts belong to 25 or under
10-15 year olds, 46% 15-25, 29% 5-10, 22%
Virtual worlds and public libraries (Chow, Baity, Zamarripa, et al., 2011)? Collaborate with other library professionals worldwide; educational promise My kids?
40 accounts between them across six different worlds Social interaction and engagement Customize characters and do things they normally can’t Play games and help their characters “grow”
User Technology Trends
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“Investing money in technology and updated
design to tempt more patrons to use their services, technology and spaces” (Mattern, 2007)
PAT or Public Access Technology (Bertot, 2009): includes public-access computers, wireless (WiFi) access, ILSs, online databases, digital reference, downloadable audio and video, “…users want a customized experience while
using technology designed for the general public, not the individual user…” (Bertot, 2009)
Literature
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Six tenets in Library Design (Harrington, 2001)
:1. Self-service and operational efficiency2. Extreme flexibility and integration of
technology3. Green/sustainable buildings4. Collaboration between public and
school/college libraries5. A renewed interest in aesthetics6. Customize the library to the local
community
Literature (2)
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“So despite predictions of the death of the library due to
the information revolution and the availability of digital resources, new library buildings are attracting renewed attention, and in some cases, increased usage.” (Turner & Davenport, 2005).
“Libraries always have had a role in bringing communities together. Now, more than ever, they are serving multiple roles — as after-school youth centers, senior centers, job centers, and extensions of the town square. In many cases, libraries share locations with schools or community centers. As the pace of change in modem life accelerates, library design is changing too.” (Schatz & Williams, 2010).
Literature (3)
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“ ‘Just because we all have mobiles doesn't
mean there still isn't a desire among people to interact with one another,’ cautioned architect Dennis Humphries of Humphries Poli, suggesting four-place computer stations where a family can use a computer together.” (Kuzyk & Fialkoff, 2011)
Literature (4)
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Administrator Interviews (2) Natural observations of two downtown
libraries Observations were conducted on four different
days with variation of time frames Observational Checklist created in Google Docs
Form Sample
120 people 70% of those observed were male, with 84
males compared to 36 females
Method
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Downtown library
Users sat at computers but did not use the reading tables for reading or computing
Rather they sat at smaller tables on the outside edges of the reading tables either reading or using their own digital devices
The book store model – personal privacy
Findings
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Findings
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Findings (2)
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Findings (3)
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Gender # observed
Females 36
Males 84
Total 120
Interaction with Staff 5
Findings (4)
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Space Usage
Tables and chairs across from stairs 14
Main computer stations (circular computers and those in front of Reference desk)
34
Tables and chairs along the back walls left of stairs
3
Tables and chairs beside genealogy stacks
11
Personal computers near genealogy 8
Personal computers & tables in the Business connection center
12
Personal computers & tables next to periodicals
5
Other 11
Findings (5)Library Technology Used
Public Access Computers
66
Printers 2
Copiers 1
Wireless 19
Microfilms 2
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Personal Technology
Personal Technology Used
19
Type Used
Laptop 15
PDA 1
Mobile device 1
Other 2
Findings (6)Space Specifications
Number of computers
29
Number of printers
4
Number of copiers
3
Number of tables for 1 person
26
Number of tables for more than 1 person
26
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1998 the space has not gone through any
renovations since then relatively new yet the space felt dated. The
colors are muted and dark, yet only appear in the furniture and carpet
Conclusions & Recommendations
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Remember top reasons patrons are coming to the public
library:1. Books or associated media (77%)2. Training and Education (41% listed as top choice)3. Entertainment (35%)4. Resumes, job searching, careers (22%)5. Access to technology (17%)
User and Technology Match
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User and Technology
Match
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User Centered Design – needs analysis and
“functional” spaces based on patron usage patterns and needs
Flexible, comfortable spaces recognizing “privacy” aspect of technology
Some patrons need to use computers while others just need to access the wireless network and a place to work
Ubiquitous computing expected – computing needs to be where the sources are.
Recommendations
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“Going green can be the solution to budgets
that can't budge…The solution: a hybrid building that will produce as much power as it uses.” (Brown, 2007)
"Nobody really knows where technology is headed next," said architect Peter Bolek, Holzheimer, Bolek + Meehan, "[so] flexibility is key. You need to have the infrastructure in place to accommodate …the change" as libraries shift from hardware to being the "connection point or portal." (Kuzyk & Fialkoff, 2011)
Recommendations (2)
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Usability of technology and library space
Utility (is it useful) and ease-of-use (efficient and effective)
Well designed website based on user priorities and testing
Library space designed to maximize efficiency and effectiveness of information seeking through technology
Flexible, scalable, and designed for specific functional purposes – Books and media, training, entertainment, careers/jobs
Technology and Users
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New book:
Library Technology and User Services (Chow & Bucknall, 2011)
Q & A
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Thank You!!
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ALA (American Library Association) (2010), The State of America’s Libraries – 2010. Chicago, IL: ALA. Alexander, P. (n.d.). Should You Lease or Buy Your Tech Equipment? Entrepreneur.com. Retrieved on August 24, 2011
from http://www.entrepreneur.com/technology/managingtechnology/article80230.html Chow, A., Baity, C., Zamarripa, M., Chappell, P., Rachlin, D. and Vinson, C. (2011), ‘Virtual Library Information Use and
Users: A systems perspective’. Unpublished, Greensboro, NC, USA. Chow & Bucknall (2011). Library Technology and User Services. Oxford, England: Chandos Chow, A., Bridges, M. and Commander, P. (2011), ‘What does a typical library website look like? Results from a
nationwide study.’ A paper to be presented at the North Carolina Library Association, October 4-7, 2011, Hickory, NC, USA
Chow, A. and Croxton, R. (2011), Academic libraries, information seeking behavior, and virtual reference services: are there differences between university faculty, staff, and students? Reference User Services Quarterly, in press.
Chow, White, & Bahr (2011). Public library space and technology. A paper to be presented at the Biennial North Carolina Library Association , October 4-7, 2011, Hickory, NC, USA
Experian Hitwise (2011), Top 20 Sites & Engines. Accessed 14 April 2011, from Experian Hitwise: http://www.hitwise.com/us/datacenter/main/dashboard-10133.html
Kolowich, S. (2011). What Students Don’t Know. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved on August 24, 2011 from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2011/08/22/erial_study_of_student_research_habits_at_illinois_university_libraries_reveals_alarmingly_poor_information_literacy_and_skills
McDougall, P. (2010), Tablets Will Replace One in Three PCs, Study Says. Accessed 11 April 2011, from Information Week: http://www.informationweek.com/news/storage/systems/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=228800307
w3schools.com (n.d.(b)), Browser Statistics. Accessed 19 April 2011, from w3schools.com: http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp
w3schools.com (2011), OS Platform Statistics. Accessed 14 April 2011, from w3cschools.com: http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_os.asp
References
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