Ley General de Cambio Climático - the PMR Chan… · Efecto Invernadero, MtCO2e (GWP20) CO2 N2O...
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Mexico´s Climate Change Law and Policies S M A SEMARNAT SECRETARIAT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Transcript of Ley General de Cambio Climático - the PMR Chan… · Efecto Invernadero, MtCO2e (GWP20) CO2 N2O...
Mexico´s Climate Change Law and Policies
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT SECRETARIAT OF ENVIRONMENT
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW GOALS
LOW-CARBON DEVELOPMENT
To achieve a competitive, sustainable, and
low-carbon emissions economy
RESILIENT MEXICO
To reduce vulnerability of people,
ecosystems, and infrastructure to the
adverse effects of climate change
INCLUSIVE POLICY
To ensure coordination among all levels
of government with transparency and
participation of all sectors of society
2013 2012 2014
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW MILESTONES
Entry
into force
October
10th
Creation of the
MEXICAN
CLIMATE
CHANGE FUND
December
5th
December
1st
Start-up of the
Peña-Nieto
Administration
January
29th
Inter-Ministerial
Commission on
Climate Change 14 Ministries
May
14th
Climate Change
Council
June
3rd
National Climate
Change Strategy 10-20-40 vision
April
Climate Change
Special Program 2013-2018
November
14th
The Congress
approved the
Mexican
CARBON TAX for fossil fuels
April
National
Emissions
Registry
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT STRUCTURE GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW
PLANNING
FINANCING
INSTRUMENTS
EVALUATION
INSPECTION
&
SURVEILLANCE
NATIONAL
SYSTEM
ON CLIMATE
CHANGE
NATIONAL
CLIMATE
CHANGE
POLICY
STATE
PROGRAMS
NATIONAL
PROGRAM 2013-2018
NATIONAL
STRATEGY
PROFEPA
INECC EVALUATION
COUNCIL
CLIMATE
CHANGE
FUND
§ CARBON TAX
§ CARBON MARKET • GHG+BC REGISTRY
• NAMAS REGISTRY
§ CLIMATE RISK ATLAS
…transition from a federal policy to
a national comprehensive and
inclusive policy
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW
COORDINATION
FOR
EVALUATION
NATIONAL
CLIMATE
CHANGE
SYSTEM
C3 CLIMATE CHANGE
COUNCIL
FEDERAL
CONGRESS
INECC NATIONAL INSTITUTE
OF ECOLOGY AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
CICC INTER-MINISTERIAL
COMMISSION ON
CLIMATE CHANGE
STATE GOVERNMENTS
NATIONAL
ASSOCIATIONS OF
MUNICIPAL
AUTHORITIES
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT TARGETS GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW
30% GHG emissions reduction in 2020 with respect to baseline 35% of electricity generation from clean energy sources in 2024 50% GHG emissions reduction in 2050 with respect to 2000 emissions
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
The Strategy is the guiding instrument of the National Climate Change Policy both, in the medium and long term to face the impact of climate change and to promote a competitive, sustainable and low carbon emissions economy.
June 3rd
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT
ADAPTATION MITIGATION
MONITORING
REPORTING
VERIFICATION
TECHNOLOGY, RESEARCH
AND INNOVATION
ECONOMIC, FISCAL AND
FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
COMPREHENSIVE CLIMATE CHANGE
POLICIES
CAPACITY
BUILDING
NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT NATIONAL EMISSIONS REGISTRY
Reporting will start in 2015 for 2014
emissions and will include:
SOURCES: Stationary and Mobile
TYPE: Direct and Indirect emissions
GREENHOUSE COMPOUNDS: CO2, CH4,
N2O, SF6, HFCs, PFCs, HCFCs, NF3, and Black
Carbon
THRESHOLDS: > to 25,000 ton CO2e/year, (more than 95% of emitters covered)
MRV: Verification every 3 years
SECTORS: Industry, Energy, Transportation,
Waste, Agriculture and Services
SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE
Y RECURSOS NATURALES
SEMARNAT SEMARNAT PECC 2013-2018 SPECIAL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM
The Mexican Government has finished the six year Climate Change
Program (PECC) for this Administration. To be published in April
2014:
Defines targets and specific actions the public
administration will carry out to achieve the 30%
GHG reduction goal
Allocates responsible agencies for the fulfillment of
each goal
Contains budget estimates for each action line
Has an MRV system
Will be reviewed every two years by INECC
Has been elaborated with gender perspective to
ensure gender equity
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PECC´s OBJECTIVES
To minimize vulnerability of society and productive sectors, increasing their resilience and the resistance of strategic infrastructure
To conserve, restore and manage ecosystems in a sustainable way to ensure their environmental services for climate change mitigation and adaptation
To reduce GHG emissions to transition to a competitive and sustainable low carbon emissions economy
To reduce short lived climate pollutants emissions, promoting health and welfare related benefits
To strengthen a national climate change policy through effective instruments and coordination with state and city governments, the Congress and society
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Línea base de emisiones: Gases y Compuestos de Efecto Invernadero, MtCO2e (GWP100)
CO2 N2O HFC + PFC SF6 CH4 CN
Baseline emissions: greenhouse pollutants and gases,
MtCO2e (GWP20)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Línea base de emisiones: Gases y Compuestos de Efecto Invernadero, MtCO2e (GWP20)
CO2 N2O HFC + PFC SF6 CH4 CN
Source: SEMARNAT with information from INECC, 2013.
The observed emission reduction from 2010 to 2012 is related to flaring control measures and a decrease in production in the Cantarell complex
Baseline emissions: greenhouse pollutants and gases,
MtCO2e (GWP100)
Actions that reduce short lived climate pollutants
may reduce global warming in the short
term, adding benefits in health and air quality
13
To minimize vulnerability of society and productive sectors, increasing their resilience and the resistance of strategic infrastructure
4 Strategies 32 Action lines
No. Strategies Action lines
1.1 To develop, consolidate and modernize instruments to reduce climate change vulnerability
10
1.2 To implement actions to reduce climate change associated risks to urban and rural population
10
1.3 To strengthen strategic infrastructure and introduce climate change criteria at planning and building stages
7
1.4 To promote adaptation actions for the productive sector
5
INDICATOR BASELINE 2013 GOAL 2018
Vulnerability instruments and risk reduction actions developed 0% 100%
Area covered with Ecological Management of the Territory Programs (POET) and Urban Development Programs (PDU) that include climate change strategies and mitigation and adaptation criteria
33% 75%
32 4
1 3 3
1 1 1
2 1
8 1
3 3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
TOTALWater mgmt
Env. ResearchAgriculture
HealthTransportEconomyTourism
Urban and rural developmentSocial development
Governance and Interior issuesMarine
EnvironmentEnergy
AGENCY
14
To conserve, restore and manage ecosystems in a sustainable way to ensure their environmental services for climate change mitigation and adaptation
6 Strategies 44 Action Lines
No. Strategies Action
Lines
2.1
To promote conservation, protection, and restoration
schemes and actions in terrestrial, coastal and marine
ecosystems and their biodiversity
10
2.2 To increment and reinforce connectivity in
ecosystems 6
2.3
To implement agricultural, forestry and fishing
practices oriented to reduce GHG emissions and
decrease ecosystems vulnerability
7
2.4
To develop instruments to promote sustainability,
ecosystems vulnerability reduction, and mitigation
actions in agriculture, forestry and fishing activities
10
2.5 To reduce climate change exacerbated by
environmental threats 6
2.6 To restore and manage river basins and watersheds 5
INDICATOR BASELINE 2013 GOAL 2018
Vulnerability reduction. Includes: damage, restoration and conservation of natural capital; land management plans; and required infrastructure to reduce vulnerability
0.2 0.6*
* Ranges from 0 to 1, where 1 is the highest vulnerability reduction
44
8
2
7
4
1
9
2
2
8
1
0 10 20 30 40 50
TOTAL
Biodiversity
Water mgmt
Forestry
Protected areas
Env. Research
Agriculture
Tourism
Marine
Environment
Energy
AGENCY
15
To reduce GHG emissions to transition to a competitive and sustainable low carbon emissions economy
6 Strategies 53 Action lines
No. Strategies Action
Lines
3.1 To develop energy efficiency actions and projects 10
3.2 To speed up energy transition to less intensive
energy sources 9
3.3 To develop tools and instruments to facilitate
energy transition 9
3.4 To promote and facilitate private sector GHG
emission reduction actions 7
3.5 To develop sustainable transportation and
mobility schemes 9
3.6 To promote the development of Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA)* 9
INDICATOR BASELINE 2013 GOAL2018
Annual million tons of reduced CO2 equivalent (MtCO2e) emissions derived from PECC
0 75.1a
Emitted CO2 equivalent tons generated per Megawatt/hour (tCO2e/MWh)
0.456 0.35
a Preliminary estimation. Quantified LoA: 25; LoA to quantify: 17
53
1
4
6
2
1
3
8
28
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
TOTAL
Water mgmt.
Agriculture
Transport
Economy
Tourism
Urban and rural…
Environment
Energy
AGENCY
16
Strategy 3.6. To promote the development of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions
(NAMA)*
Action Lines Responsible entity
3.6.1 To promote the development of crediting NAMA projects in the
field of urban transport SEDATU / SEMARNAT
3.6.2 To promote the development of NAMA projects in the housing
sector SEDATU
3.6.3 To promote the development of NAMA projects for the brick
making industry SEMARNAT / SGPA
3.6.4 To promote the development of NAMA projects in sugar mills SEMARNAT / SGPA
3.6.5 To promote the development of NAMA projects in the maritime
sector SEMARNAT / SGPA
3.6.6
To promote the development of NAMA projects in the cattle and
agriculture sectors, for land conservation and restoration in
Mexico
SAGARPA
3.6.7 To promote the development of a NAMA project in schools SEMARNAT / DGPCC
3.6.8 To develop financing mechanisms to stimulate the development of
NAMAs from the private sector SE
3.6.9 To promote the development of NAMA projects to increase
energy recovery from agriculture waste SEMARNAT / SGPA
*These action lines depend on financial and technical support from public or private, national or international sources
17
To reduce short lived climate pollutants emissions, promoting health and welfare related benefits
5 Strategies 28 Lines of action
No. Strategies Lines of
Action
4.1
To use of fuels and technologies that reduce black
carbon emissions, improving air quality and public
health
6
4.2
To reduce methane emissions in wastewater
treatment plants, landfills and in the oil and
mining sectors
6
4.3 To control refrigerant emissions with high global
potential warming 3
4.4
To develop legal and promotional instruments
aimed to control short lived climate pollutant
emissions
9
4.5
To promote the reduction of SLCP emissions
through the development of Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA)*
4
INDICATOR BASELINE 2013 GOAL2018
Annual reduced methane emissions (Tons) 0 268,500a
Annual reduced black carbon emissions (Tons) 0 8,280a
a Preliminary estimation. Under review by PEMEX
28
2
1
1
19
5
0 10 20 30
TOTAL
Agriculture
Transport
Social development
Environment
Energy
AGENCY
18
Strategy 4.5. To promote the reduction of SLCP emissions through the development of
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA)*
Action Lines Responsible entity
4.5.1 To promote the development of NAMA projects to avoid natural
gas leaking in transport, production, flaring and use SENER / PEMEX
4.5.2 To promote the development of NAMA projects for domestic
and industrial refrigeration systems and air conditioning devices SEMARNAT / SGPA
4.5.3 To promote the development of a NAMA project for wastewater
treatment SEMARNAT / SPPA
4.5.4
To promote the development of NAMA projects for federal
freight transport focused on individual drivers and small
transport companies
SCT
*These action lines depend on financial and technical support from public or private, national or international sources
19
To strengthen a national climate change policy through effective instruments and coordination with state and city governments, the Congress and society
5 Strategies 40 Action lines
No. Strategies Action
lines
5.1 To develop and consolidate the instruments and
organisms mandated by the General Climate Change Law 9
5.2 To develop and implement instruments to consolidate
the national climate change policy 8
5.3 To develop and use economic, financial and fiscal
instruments to enable the national climate change policy 9
5.4 To strengthen climate change capacity building, research
and information schemes and instruments 10
5.5
To reinforce Mexico´s commitment with climate change
and its position as a global responsible actor, supporting
and strengthening international cooperation
4
INDICATOR BASELINE 2013 GOAL 2018
Progress in developing a Climate Change Information System 0% 100%
Progress in developing the National Emissions Registry 0% 100%
Number of signed agreements to support achievement of national climate change goals (Fed. States, Private Sector, ONGs)
0 32
40
1
1
2
1
2
9
1
1
0
1
1
3
1
3
9
4
0 10 20 30 40 50
TOTAL
Biodiversity
Forsetry
Protected areas
CICC
Statistics and…
Env. Research
Agriculture
Health
Transport
Tourism
Urban and rural…
Foreing affairs
Governance and…
Treasury
Environment
Energy
AGENCY
10
Includes 29 supplementary activities, identified by different government agencies as relevant for the instrumentation of the national climate change policy
Capacity building in climate change
Formal education in climate change
Research in climate change
Climate change information access
Climate change financing mechanisms
Climate change public policy enforcement
PECC´s Appendix
9
PECC’s MRV: Action lines – Datasheet
Action line:
Responsible agency:
Strategy:
Objective:
Short description:
Kind of action: ADAPTATION, GHG MITIGATION OR POLICY ACTION
Available budget 2014:
Required budget 2013-2018:
Annual goal Unit of implementation /
monitoring
Internal area in
charge Reporting frequency Verification source
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Contact information of area in charge of action line:
(Name, position, telephone , email)
Contact information of person in charge of reporting progress (focal point):
(Name, position, telephone, email)
Each action line is supported by a datasheet containing information of: Budget, agency in charge and annual goals.
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22
PECC´s contribution to national mitigation efforts
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
MM
tCO
2e
106 MtCO2e/yr PECC´s
contribution 909
760
The amount of 106 MtCO2e/year comprises: 75.1 MtCO2e/year from PECC 2013-2018 mitigation action lines, and 31 MtCO2e/year, from continuous methane reduction actions by PEMEX since 2012.
National baseline GWP100
ENERGY 40.93
AGRICULTURE 6.74
ENVIRONMENT 14.87
TRANSPORT 0.48 SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT 2.05
NAMA 9.42
55%
9%
20%
0.64%
3% 13%
TOTAL = 75.1 MtCO2e
Sectorial contribution to mitigation PECC goals (MtCO2e)
13
Action lines
Total action lines in PECC: 197 “High impact” action lines: 181 “Complementary” action lines: 16
17
92%
8%
High impact
ManagementComplementary
