OMAR N. BRAOl..EY Gr.HERAL OF THE ARMY

CHAl .. MAN EMERITUS

REF ID:A2918974

. 'EORGE C. MARSHALL RESEARCH FOUNDATIO'

DRAWER920

LEXINGTON. VIRGINIA 24450

!703) 663-7103

October 29, 1981

ROBERT A. LOVETT

BOARD 0~ TltU6TEES

FRED L. HADSEL. DIRECTOR

MARSHAl..L. 5. CARTER LIEIJTENANT GENERAL. USA IRETJ

PRESIDENT

. FORREST C. PoGUE BIOG., .. PME"

Mr. Wallace R. Winkler 5020 Lake Circle Court Columbia, Maryland 21044

Dear Mr. Winkler:

Enclosed are the copied materials that I neglect~d to give you yesterday. Please excuse my oversight.

I trust that you and your colleagues had a pleasant trip back home. I appreciate all of the material you provided the Marshall Library -- especially for the checklist of documents which have recently been made available.

Dr. Hadse 1 , Royster, and I very much enjoyed meeti.ng the three of you. As was mentioned in our conversations, we hope that this visit will serve to maintain and strengthen the working relationship which has existed betv1een the National Security Agency and the Marshall Library for over fifteen years.

Sincerely yours,

Jt:o~ Archivist

.JJ:ajl

Enclosures: 19 pages from box 64, folder 2, of the Marshall Papers.

@'pp roved for Release by NSA on 06-19-2015 pursuantto E .0. 1352a

I I I

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... - ........

• REF ID:A291897'9 • Ir.rs. WILLIAM F. FRIEDMAN·

310 SECOND ST., SE WASHINGTON~. D. C. 20003

January 8, 1971

Gene.ttal IO:arsball Carter, President George c. Marshall Research Fo'Undation Lexington, Virginia 24450

Dear General Carter:

Your letter to me followin3 the shipment of my husband's Collection is much appreciated.

The date of your letter is December 24--t":lO i·1eel>:s ago :iow. Every day is a reproach to me-delay in this case is repre­hensible. But I was tbe victizr. of a pleurisy-type virus for.12 days i·ihicb irf~capacitat·ed me throush Christr:as and. l'7ew Year. Then upon returr..ing to the library-office here in my house I found n::y typei·:ri ter afflicted with a determi­nation not to move ahead, and other malicious tricks. Ob, the total depravity of inar...imate tbings:--Yesterday a gifted. friend of mine came by and persuaded the mean-minded macnine to behave.

Goins to ~exin5ton shall be my first sojourn>~nce some dis­position, tm~porary or otber·wise, can be made of my house. · Dr. Posue tells me that weather in the month· of January i:::. Lexington can be very unpleasant and suggests I not hurry

. too mucb. ·

It is most ldnd of you to arra:n.ge for the search in r:SA files and library for additional items from my husband's JJ~,30 Collection. I say •tram• advisedly. I· was present ·when 4 .,ct? the t,·10 Secu.ri ty men from KS.A did their search-and.-eeiZU!'e¢" Jr~

.._ .._ •r · ' • • l .&. f .._h f\ I '~ ,.. -"' • ·~ .... .: ~ ac "'' ..,a1.1n3 some ari..ic es ou .. o .. v ... e n.rmy s Oi· .... ~ ~ in ..... .:.s J" ~ library. (Later one of those t1·10 men was dismis,sed fro:l XS.,:.. 1S'P for security reasons).

::ay I say, to you as President of the I::arshall. Eese.;;.rch ?oundation, bo1·~ pleased I a:::i that you are its President; o.nd that I am certain that t:':1e Foundation '·1ill be enricheC. by the ':lillie.n F. Friedman Collection. I refer not only to his incoI:!lpo.rable analytical 5ifts; his catholicity of tas:.e; bis universality of }{nowledse-as typified by tbe ruling pre­cept of his life: "Kno1·1led5e is Power"-; all of these quali­ties i·~ere enhanced by the stardust cf. genius-true ori5in.a.l genius. For be launched a new ase. (Just as the Space Ase \·ras laU-'l"lched in a later generation) When '~'e sta::(fed the Cipher Bureau at Riverban}{ Laboratories in 1917, doing all the deciphering ,.iorlc for all Departments of Government, ~~.e.ee i.·1ere no nore than fit::flepersons in the whole of the U .s. \·1no so much a3 knei·l ,.,ha tp\i·1ords 11 cip;;er" and rr code" !:leant. ~-.11-were at one and the same ti.me, the students, the teachers,

A ..... . ~EF ..I~: ]\291!3~!.a•. ·I ..... the i·10~.I!S. ~n tr.e 'LransJ..a-1:.ors •. ,·1f:.eu ~e Ci • er .oureau i·ms esta.bli s'bed in ~·Tashington (Kili t~ry Intelligence) that staff had co~p1ete cribs, consisting of our solved messages and their accol:lpanyirl3 cipher texts. H.O. Yardley's inabil­ity to give e.."'ly one any credit, even his O\·m staff persons, is noi1 a matter of history. (It bas been said tnat Yardley's ".American Black Chamber" is tenpercen~ fact and 90 percent fiction.) In Uay of 1918 l.st Lieut. William F. ·Friedman left for GHQ,,AEF, refusing to stay any longer out of uniformed service; during that six months, the Cipher Bureau in ·l"lashing­ton, preceded by the French and British experts in France, had declared two·systems unbreakable; WFF proved otherwise, i1hile still at Riverbank, i·1i th no assistance from anyone and no co-i·:orkers. Thus began a series of "·challenges", a kind · of "»Hlliam F. Friedman-a3ainst-the-i·1orld": the solution of the A. T .&T. Printing Telesraph Cipher in 1919-and-20; the Hebern !\la.chine in 1924 •••••• I could go on and on, but I shall not tire you furtls:er-at this time, at least.

The postscript to the above lon3 paragraph should be: There EUST be a Biography. Li ttle-B,;-own i·mnts very much to do the biography, but so far all the "name" i·1ri ters tbey have approached have either been bound by one or two advances for already planned volumes; or the· i·1riter is afraid of tbe technicality of the subject. The latter objection is based on false premises; tbe biography need contain no technicalities-except the most primitive that any teen-ager could understand •• , This brings me to my question;- do you have any r..a.me or names to suggest as writer'?. Either for Li ttle-Brown(who suggests. the first one or tivO instal­ments wouJ.:d be published .in LIFE) or wi tbout ,.Li~tle-Brown?

Thanking you for your patience, I am

· l·~~st~i cer ly-- ·; ~/· ,.• , ....

c~& '- -· ·u:J;,\../ ,/.

Eli:z.~ eth Smith Friedman I .

REF ID: A2~~~~1'll'lAR9'ALL PAPERS . eox Ci f rotom._t:l ____ _ Ga), C. MARSHAL!. ~~f.SEP.!\;;-i ~it:P.Al~Y f.W~GTON. VA us;: i:~~rn;c: ;:o TO

.)/5fj NOT TO 8E PU.CE> . ON DEPOSIT IN ANY REPOSITORY OR USE::> FOR MIY PURPOSE EXCEPT THAT DESIGNATED THROUGH THE MARSHAli LIBRARY.

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ta.ken

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I think a copy of the nail document should be r to. Admiral King by me, after Colonel Clarke 1-s departure. t·

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_ . .. General. l4arshall: ~ ·O·

~-:· _ -~.,.f\l~ _/" _': I understand from ~ ~~~v~ Y · Col.Pasco that Admi~

King is not leaving•

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.- ·. . Washington until to-·· morrow. ···'; .. Nason ..

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REF ID: A2918974e

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WAR DEPARTMENT

THE CHIEF OF STAFF

WASHINGTON,O.C.

September 21, 1944 t .........

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MEMORANDUM FOR ADMIRAL KING: _.,..

·Attached is the draft of a letter which I feel it advisable to send to Governor Dewey. It may be that you do not care to be in­volved in the matter and, if so, I can strike out the reference to you. In any event, I would like your opinion.

·A recent speech in Congress had deadly implic~tions and I now understand much more is to be said, possibly by Governor Dewey hL~self. This letter of course puts him on the spot, and I hate to do.it but see no other way of avoiding what might well be a catastro­phe to us.

Just what~an do in the m~tter without giving reasons I do not know, but at least he will understand what a deadly affair it really is. I had in the back of rrrJ mind the possibility, without telling him, ,c 'ing that if he responds favorably I would secretly, here in my office, tell Republican Floor Leader Martin the dangers of the business so that he, on the Washington side of the fence, would understand something of Governor Dewey's attitude, r:ithout being in­formed that Governor Dewey had the same facts in his possession that I was giving Martin.

The v;hole thing is loaded with dynamite but I very much feel that something has to be done or the fat will be irt the fire to our great loss in the Pacific, and possibly also in Europe.

DECLASSIFIED TSP SECREft E.O. 11652, Sec. 3(E) and 5(0) or (E)

Aul hority .;JjfJ/./Jl.JJ. . .2!/!J.{).1.~it?;/ By •••• -f//_ ...... NARS, . Date • .?/if _1.1°

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FOR MR. DEWEY 1 S EYES ON.

. . .

~ dear Govemor,

• • • ••. ·~. i '

-ll.Uli ~tbKt:i - - - - H HHU

REF ID: A:~91~ "I *' 1' J. J·r~~1"'6

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. . ·-· .. ·. .... I should have preferred.to talk to you ln person but I .c~~d. ~~-~:'. · · : .. : : ·' · !iJ ~ -_>;:. .

devise a method that would not be subject to press and radio reactions as to

. wb¥ the Chief of Sta.ff of the Arm1 would be seeking an interview with you at

this particular moment. · Thereto re I have turne.d to the method· of this : letter,··/~·' . . . . .. ·

to be dali~·~ ~~r~t~ ~~~ w~: ·. ~ln~ef, the.military dilemma resul~gressional poll~. batUes of the presidential campaign is this:

The most vital evidence in the Pearl Harbor matter consists of

our intercepts of the Japanese diplomatic commtmications. Over a period

·of years our cryptograph people analyzed the character· of the machine ·the .. . ....

·. .. ' ~

·.· .. ,

·.·:-._.:_:"·'._·;,:~~-:::_Japanese were using for encoding their diplomatic me~sages_:_ Ba_s~~ .. ~~~~~.7;\': ... ·::_- .. ;.· ...

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BY •••••• _J/.t. .. _NARS, Date~ -~f

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the tragic

of the war.

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-·-{,_ The Roberts• Report on Pearl Harbor had to have withdrawn from it: ,,., , - ....... --~ -·::· /:: ... -.::::_~ .:. ,:.

-- :~--,;; ::- : '.. . \; -.... . . . .. :;·'.<· ;t:~~'./·:·~· ;,~:;:~~~~~~1~;f;:~~1:. - ~?';,: ?J.·~·- all reference.:.:tc?/t.hi? _highly_:secret ... matter,::.~refore. in portions -it neces- ,,. ,,,-~, ... ·-•·~··.-: · R".?I~

~!r/v~1,::;:::'·, :'f"':''tr·":;:: ·· .";t:wi\:~:: ·; ''W} . · • ·' · ;::> ··· · · ·:'"' : ,, :'}f '~'.::,\:~J:f:l~X'~'~'; . . . :_·"<=;<{!-.· _se.tj..l.y' .appeared incomplete!:·:·· The· same' reason _which. ·dictated that course~is,:i-<:.Ld/'..~;:. :_.·._: ··~''.'.:'. ~j~{t~~;/:i(·\~ "'~"f l:)!i~~·1t ·. ·· · ~+if''' ·~;1,;;;;;0:;;; · · , ...•• · •· · ·.· · · · ··. · '.'.: :< · ' ·~:,~:,,?i,;i :r~;7~t~~i;:~;. j{{. ":~:::.'7:~~;·evan:more important today because our sources have been greatly elaborated • .. ·:~!!,;(:::~~·<".:;-.~;· :v>r

;~ifi~~~~@/";/f' -· - 'i:L'~ ' ' x:-.:; -' - . . - · ;y.;~i:~~:~~~~!~j~f t1 MIC';~ .... -,.~,< .-?."'·-~'.r.'·:'.:' .,--~.·~.::.,_,As_,.a._further.: example_ of~.the. delicacy.: of :the situation,. Donovan_ .s ·:;''''' .:.l•t.•-'""'':·.:

.--~~~r£:~.t~~~f?M{~;iif:~--~J!i~~~~~!-:i>: · :-:f~W~t?-~f:;;, ~--> ~- : .. ~.~:,._ ~: -:;:-~- ~:::· -· = : ·,.c · · -~.: ;--<· > ~-- :·::· ~:·~+::~;:~_;::;:-.;~:~~t:.:~jJf 3r%~k~~~~:; ~;-~~~~iorganization-.:(The OSS)°.with0ut telling us,-.instituted a secret sea.rch;'o:r .·the.:;_(~~:;\~-.-·.</ .:~:}};~:~; --:.--.~.f;;t;:;~~~r~::;,~~~:::\:;l~~-_:; __ ·-,,~. :· -=::-~~:::~:.:.~'P;;.:-::- :-''::/\~·::.; · · ... : · · ..... · . ·· ·. ;r;'~{>_~~>:;\\~.-~~;~~/~i:-=_:,~1~gf ~':;::~+ ··: ··-.?~~_.Japanese Embassy· offices in Portugal. As a· result the entire mili:t;ary,_ attache ;;{]~{'.~.:.,.';:·

·::~tr~~:·:e~:.,:::, over;·::-::rld ;:~ changed, and tho~ ~:-.:~::;::!:~~~:\z~(-r\~ ~ -;;. -~:-~,:ir~g;~:;~:~:. n~~ ~·t been able ro break tbe new}:;~~"~~: have _thw: < iL . :'.::·.;:"' f ::;. >::=-:·_·~,~t .~a.invaluable· source of information, particularly r.egarding. the'.~Euro,pean. -: .. - _ l ... _.

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.\ :_ -·.··' to you in "the hope that. you ~ ~end·

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;rour,influence, assume would be determinative, to . ·.~-~ .. -~.--1•

_,-•' .. ·-. investigation this matter by Congress. of .the war. Fu.rther '.:.·

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·, :·

- I feel tha ~ wha ;tever action/

use ~~...ma.'de of King's

fit to take, it is imperative in my:

opinion or my name.

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Please destroy this letter. -- ·'\· ....

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a corresponding machine ms built by us which deciphers their messages.

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·L . . ..-:.. : - . . :···:_.,,.

regarding their moves .in~·· . ~. ·:·-._.,_.::·'.,)v~·\,:<_:,~,,~-~~-~_.i;~~;~'.~·~.-?}( ... -"'"""·~

Therefore, ., ··.•. .

turn was f~ished. the State Department -:-_ rather.~·:·'.;·:_,'. .... · ... :: .. .

. ~ ... :

. : .... ~ .... : with this business of deciphering their codes until we possess. o~er .. codes,·.,-'.:· ••• '4

German as well as Japanese, but our main basis of information regarding

- I . Hitler's intentions in Europe is obta~ _from Barm Oshima 1 s messages

·.\··-,.~:~··8~Lhi~ inte · "thHitl d th rr· ·ai to th J ·.···· . : .·>:.;;t~". l' it'r'ePo~tin~ ·. s mews wi er an o er o ici s _ e apanese . · ....

. . . ' .. : /

i··'\ Governm:t~~ a:. still in the codes iDvol.ved in the Pearl. Harbor ev.mta. '~ ..... . ·:·-....:' .,_,

To further explain the critical nature of this set-up which would ·

be wiped out almost in an instant ii' the least suspicion were aroused regard-

ing it, the battle of the Cor~ Sea was based on deciphered messages: and

therefore our few ~hips were in the right place at the right time. Further,

" 'f 1

: ~hem I e had Otify one tmtlamagad can ioP loo ft 1" th• . P• cifi " .. •n d . "7. e

. · ~ . . \;£11~. at1, 1 GpePa'bional WJd tlm Japanese. Imel ' 01 _. l:~ we- were _abl~ . _to con-

· .. "'. , .

.........

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centrate our limited forces to meet their naval advance on Midwey when ·

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otherwise we

iw:stCRtl .-- (> . REF ID:A291897-

~j>q-o-o _:.) almost certainly would .have been/\ 4)000 miles out of. place<>:

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W~; ~;.0·inf~~ti"." of the ~~eng~ of~~ir forces in ~t ~~~'.\:i~ ; >'.~) ~'. a1so of·. the smaller force directed against,. .the Aleutians ·which· fins.Uy ... .-:-· -;' '. · . . .. ;;;:.- . ·." ·~:,.::_·· .·~ ':.

~ .·_,

. '<~·.··. .. .. ..... .· . . .... . . . . . : . : \'.". : :; .

.•. ~ . OJtv~; .. , . landed trC?ops on Ki ska. _:

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).!;'~~~-~~'.},;;:,[ X'\f+~~r,atio~~-/,the ~"':-fie are largely guided by. the .information! Ai( .. ,:\ ~~' • •.• - ·-··. . •• !..' ·.~·::.::·. ;·;_ - : '(;,> . . . . . . .. ·; .. :.::.:.~ :-~,. ,~y,·:.~;~"~·(_-::::~;:.-+•t;.~,1~/;(>'\·:· -. ;

• -~~ •.• :.~\;~::.~·~-~- I :. ·:

~: .. -,.:\~~·~·~~:._-:·.:::.we· obtain of. Japanese- deployments •.. We.· know . their

)r~r;·t·~::::·'.~e ra~~:.: ::·o~er,, ..... .- :·· ., i:

··. ··:·:.: --::-;;, ··>· \j ........... --·; and ~t is. of vast impo.rtance, we check their fleet movements.~~: th~ .. :'J :: \~.··:,::'":.· - ·:_ ..... : .. .. .

movements of their convoys. .. ·.

The heavy losses reported from .time to time "'.·' .. '· /: .. :. :" . : .. ~.

which they sustain by reason of our submarine action, largely result from

.:;., ..

the fact that we know the sailing dates and routes of their. convoy~ ·and· : ......

. )<:·:::.~:·.can notify our submarines to iie in wait at ~he proper point~.

" _ .. · .... ~

' . . The current d&siw1 t :i:N raiO.s by Admiral Halsey's forces /\

8.nese shipping in Manila.Bay and elsewhere were largely based in .timing

on the known movements of Japanese convoys, two of which were caught, as

anticipated, in his destructive attacks.

You will understand from the foregoing the utterly tragic conse-

... -

ti.on we now possess. ... ' .....

:,·

T-OP SECRf:I:--~· ·· .. '· :···. ·~·

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• {";',· ID:A2918'7~

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The Roberts• .Report on Pearl Harbor had to have withdrawn from

.. · · ·the Japanese ~assy· offices in Portugal • .· ... '..:.··

·.,·. . ~ .·.

atta.che Japanese. code all over the world was changed, and ~hough .this .,:: ,;

occurred over a year ago, we have not yet been able to break the new.code

and.have thus lost this invaluable source of information,_ particularly re-

gar~g .the. European situation. ·-.'.

A recent speech in Coµgress by Representative Harness would clearly

sugge~t to the Japanese that we have been reading their codes, though Ltr.

HarDess and the American public would probably not draw any such conclusion ...

· The conduct of' General Eisenhower's campaign and of all operations

d1.hA. in the Pacific ~ closely related in conception and timing to .the information ,, :

. - . we secretly obta~ through these intercepted codes. "They contribute greatly .,, ...

.•• ',; :;}"::.• victory and tremendously to tbe saving iD Amerj,c"'.'. l;i~~·~ 'bot\iD~ •, :J~'·ik I .. ·.y:;:~>-'.-~:I· :~e __ ~onduct of ~rent operations and in looking towards the early termination ' ...... ,-i-

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I am presenting this matter to you,

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code information.

~~ Please desbzy this

. '..• . ·I Faithfully yours, . . .

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e :..e REF I_D:A291897-. ·e

r~ fYlonAn /I t Cl DteW(?'/1 1q4y Sept. :J(f .,,- ..

MEiilO • 1'\JR 'l.aE RECORD:

The attached letter is the· original letter delivered· on September 26th by · Col.C.arter Clarke to Mr.· Dewey. The pen changes are General Marshall's. This was torn up PY me in conformance with the office procedure here of destroying reworked papers. I did this on my own initiative and had received Do instructioDs to tear the paper up. 7J1 , ~ .

M.Nason Sept.27, 1944

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. FOR MR. DE.WEY' S .t'YES ONLY WAR OEPARTMEl~T·

THE CHIEF' OF' STAFF'

WASHINGTON,o.c.

25 September 1944

My dear Governor, _ .

I am. wr~~:ng· you. witr.o-ut~j:.be--Ktiaw~ other person except Admiral King (w~o concurs) begause we are appiyacbing a gre.ve dilemma in the political rea_c~ions.of·.~gress regardinzP l Harbor. . . _

.. _,, ~ What .I fiav'e to tell you belo1 is of such a hi~y-secret nature

that I feel comp·elled to ask you ei thE?r to accept _!:t-on the basis of your not commun;i.cating its caitents .!:Q.. any ~Qther persi5n and returning this let­ter or ncrt reading nny further and return~lg the letter to the .bearer.

. . _.,.-- ~ .

I should have preferred to talk t-0 you in person but I could not· devise a method that w61:J.d not be subject to press and radio reactions as to why the Chief of Ste.ff of the Army woulJ be seeking llI1 interview with you at this particular moment. Therefore I ha~e turned tO the method of this let­ter, +..o be delivered by hand. to you by Colonel~ Clurke

1who has charge

of the most secret documents of the War and Nav1 Departments.

In brief, the military dilemma r~rrl-+:t-rr.:--f".r-rnn~'tm~OO~nr'l:-rm+-­. tie&! b~tle~ of the presidential campai~ is

.. • The most. viV!l P.vidence ir1 the Pearl Harbor m.:itter consists of our intercepts of the Japanese diplomatic commu.~ications. Over a period of years our cr-ntograph ·people analyzed the character of the machine the Japanese~rnre--usiiig for encoding their d.ivlom~ messliges. Based on this a corresponding machine was built by us which deciphers their messages. 'l'harefore, '17e pJssessed a wealth of information re­garding their moves in the Pacific, which in turn was furni~hed the. State Department - rather than as is popularly supposed, the State Dep.J.rtment providing us with the information - but which unfortunate­ly made no reference whatever to intentions tormrds Hawe.ii until the last message before December 7th, 'tfhich did not reach our hands until the following day, ·December 8th.

Now the point to the Fresent dilemma is that '7e have gone ahead with this business of deci?hCring their c0,cies until -r.e possess other codes, German as well as Jipanese, but our main basis of infor­mation regarding Hitler's intentions in Europe is obtu.ined from Baron Oshim.1 1 s .mess~ges fro::i Berlin regorting his intervie·;;s witb:Ritler and other officials to the Japanese Government. These are· still in the cod.es involved in· the Pearl. Harl'1or events ..

· To explain further the critical nature of this set-up which would be t.iped out almost in an inste..~t if the least suspicion ~ere aroused regardin~ it, the battle of the Coral Seu was b~sed on de­ciphered messages and therefore our few ships were iD the right place

JOP~:SECRlT

_.... DECL1'.SSIFIEO E:O. 11652, Sec{ ~(£.l a.~d ~,(~! 9r. ·(E) Aulhorily ·;. ~JL\~J.,!.Ji/td/'/.,£ BY •••••• !Jt ..... NARS, Date .?/#I.I

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at the right time. Further, we were a~le to concentrate our limited ~ forces to meet their naval advance on ltiidway when otherNise we almost\r\ certainly .would have been some 3,000 miles out of place. fie, had full ~ information of the strength of their forces in that advance and also ~ of the smaller force directed against the Aleutians which finally ~ded troops. q~ A_ttu and Kiska. ··

,::·.. . . ..

. Op.erations in the Pacific are largely guided by· the infor-. mation 1re obtain of Japanese deploymer,~ ... ·We know their strength in various garrisons, the rations and o.ther stores continuint; available

. to them, and what is of vast· importance, we check their fleet move­ments and the movements of their conveys. The beav:r losses reported from time to time which they sustain by reason of our submarine action, largely result fro~ the fact that we blow the sailing dates and routes of their convoys and can notify our submaL·ines to lie in wait at the proper points.

·~ ~

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'l'he current raids by Admiral Halsey's carrier forces on Jap­anese shippin~ in ilianila Bay and else-;vhere were largely based in tim­ing on the known movements of JapMe:;e convoys, two of which were caught, as anticipated, in his destructive attacks.

, .. ·.,.......,.~.~_,,.,. ~-··· ... ~~

l You \vill understand from the fcregoing the utterly tragic conse-quences if the present political debates regarding ~e&rl Harbor disclose to the enemy, German or Jap, any suspicion of the .vital sources of information we msw- possess.

The Roberts 1 Report on Pearl Harbor had to have wi thd.rawn .fr\;:: ~ t all reference to this highly secret matter, therefore in portions it neces­sarily appeared incomplete. The sc.oe reason which dictated' that course is even more important today because cur sources have been greatly elaborated.

. As ¢ ~ example of ihe delicacy of the situation 1 some of . DonovM 1 S people (the OSS) without tel.ling us, instituted a secret search of the Japanese·Embassy offices in Portugal. As a result the entire mili­tary attache Japanese code all over the ••orld r.as changed, and though this occurred over a year ago'· ;1e have r.:it yet been able to break the nt:m code

~ and ~ave thus lost thi~ inv~luable source of information, particularly re­··s;:,,. garding the European si tua.tion.

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./ A recent speech in Congress by ~epresentative Harness would clearly suggest to the Japanese that we haie been reading their codes, though Mr. Harness and the :.:U.Qrican public woud probably not draw any such qonclusion~

The conduct of General B:senho?1er 1 s campaign and of all operations in the Pacific are closely relatedin conception and timing to the informa­tion we secretly obtain through these intercepted codes. They contribute

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e greatly to the victor.1 and treiDendously to the saving in American lives, both in the conduct of current operations and in 1.ooking towards the early te.rmination of the war.

I a!ll presenting this matter to you, ~Ottr-e-e~~tr;'"' in the hope tbat you will see your.way clear to avoid the tragic results with which we are now threatened in the present political campaign~· migq.t add that the recerlt action of C~oess in requj-ring ArHJ¥ and N inl~stigations fo:t- acy{on before certa. dates has rompell;.d' me to rl.P~ ~ck the Corps commander, General Ger

1 , whose trciops ~e. ·1ght e; at

;rrier, to testify hpre '7hile the G~~ns are co~tcrat king s forces

('there. This, howeV13r1 is a very m.t11or matter aempared o t ·loss of our code infonn.ation. ~

-yt...o'o\

Please return this letter by bearer. I will hold it in my· secret file subject, to your reference should you so desire. ""\

Fai thfu.lly yours,

.........

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~~·*:\~.;.sug4:~'1t·:,~.,t.be .Ja.pan8"o .that-.:;r1e bav~ be6ll rMdin& .:UWir,:codes1 .thou~· Kr.,)i~.~-::-;;:~;:~i~;1~ . ·. :·.

·=-~ .. /z:·~~!i--nes:,.:e.nd ~the· . .A.aerican public .110uld .probably:· not -~aw· any:· such coocJ.u.ai.on~· ..... <~·: "· ;;.._:-:~;..:.:;.:·;·;1.: .. :":'.:~: .· ..... :.~;>r:~::·'·{_,;~·'.'~;i:r· '.::.-<··.; - ·~ ·::·' · · .. :=- .. , ... v. _: ·· ·.: · · · . -- '.-·,;··-. · ... · · :. :- .::· ... :·,::·,.. ··., \: • ~'/!;i'~';:~:· ::.:·.>f;f:·~J;:,~0:~i :;:,:··~" >·~~':·:·· · <·~._,:, -, "''·.·.····The condw>t of General liseoho•er•s · cs.phi~o ancl o! all operatJ.ons<~ ?:.;;_·'.~'..~:;·~!; \'· > · ·r·;)'. in· the. Pacific aro closely ·rw .. teii in ~ce?t.1.on &:id .timiog to 1-he., ~t'ormat1oa·:~:):: \;:)~: <:.::· ·~ .... : .. .::~.,. ·1Hi secretly obtai.J:i ,through these intercepted ·codes •. :_.The7. contribute.'.gre&tly·:~\;<'if:':::~/:.:·j'.{·_· .. : ·:;:;·:;·:~·_-, ·.to .the victory· and tremendously to.' the ·se.ving, in ·Amer1~·.:11vaa~·:'.both:i1li;·'the·?~~~~?f"Y\t!t~¥.~

·:{/it:;J conduct or .. f:U-~~~.~ .. op~r'.'1t4;~~s. and in .. l.Do<'?~ ·.to~rC.~ ·.t.hG ... :~~ly~ ~~~~cm 'i'~~~'>,'h§,~{~·:~;~~~.~~·-

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