Let’s Talk About Cyber Security

A guided PowerPoint lesson

What is Cyber Security?…the protection of information against unauthorized disclosure, transfer, modification, or destruction, whether accidental or intentional

Let’s break it down – “unauthorized” means without permission;“disclosure” means reveal or uncover “transfer” is to move; “modification” is change;

And you can figure out the rest!

What Do We Protect Against?

Malware (short for Malicious Software) is any software program that is designed to damage or disrupt a computer system.

Viruses

A computer virus is a computer program (software) that can copy itself and attach to other programs and infect a computer without the users knowledge.

Worms

Worms are also malicious code. Worms work through networks.

They travel through shared files and programs and can bring down an entire system.

Spreading Malicious Code

Computer worms can replicate and send themselves automatically to other computers by controlling other software programs on the computer, such as an e-mail sharing application.

Trojan Horses

These are programs that claim to do one thing but actually do another when downloaded.

For example, you download a game but the program wipes out your hard drive.

Spreading Malicious Code• Trojan horses appear to be good

programs. Once downloaded, they quietly damage the computer or other networked computers at the same time.

Spyware

This is a program that runs in the background to monitor your computer activities.

Spyware is frequently downloaded without the user knowing it – spyware can monitor web browsing and cause pop-ups.

Spreading Malicious Code

Unsafe Downloads – Downloadable material that is infected with a computer virus can arrive in an e-mail or can be obtained directly through Web site downloads.

Irresponsible Message Forwarding – Viruses and worms often appear in messages that tell you to “Forward this message to all of your friends.”

Cyber Security at HomeBeyond e-mail: peer-to-peer networking and cyber security concerns

Most P2P programs automatically install spyware on your computer as part of the installation process. These spyware programs can range from a simple nuisance to a true invasion of privacy.

Note: Learn more about P2P in i-SAFE Intellectual Property Units

Step 1: Use an Internet firewall

Make sure your computer is protected by a firewall.

There are FOUR important steps to keeping your computer secure!

Step 2: Update your operating system regularly

You should set to automatically update when updates are available.

Avoiding Malicious Code

Step 3: Use antivirus software and update it regularly

Step 4: Use anti-spyware software and update it regularlyAn anti-spyware program can ensure you don’t have programs operating without your knowledge.

Let’s Take a Closer Look at the Cyber Bullying Fact

Sheet

"All cruelty springs from weakness.” (Seneca, 4BC-AD65)

Bullying has become an online event as well as a physical one. Intimidation online can be just as bad, and in some cases worse, than when bullying occurs in the physical community.

What is a bully? 

Someone who:

• gains gratification (a sense of happiness) when they have provoked or tormented others.

• feel better by making others feel worse.

Bullying 

E-mail provides one method of communication for these bullies.

Flame mail – mail designed to make another person mad – is used along with hate mail – mail that shows racism, sexism, or other prejudices.

Another way bullies use the Internet is through bulletin boards and chat sites to make their comments public.

Tell someone. Don’t keep this to yourself. Tell a trusted adult about the bullying.

Don’t open or read messages by Cyber bullies.

IGNORE THE MESSAGE

DO NOT RESPOND TO THE BULLY OR POST ABOUT THE BULLY.

Tell the police if threatened.

Tell your Internet Service Provider.

Tell your school if it is school related. Schools have a bullying plan in place.

Don’t erase the messages – they may be needed to take action. Instead, put them in a folder unread.

Don’t send a message when you are angry – it is hard to undo things that are said in anger.

Delete messages from people you don’t know or from people who seem angry or mean.

When something doesn’t seem right, it probably isn’t. Get out of the site, chat, etc.

Appropriate vs. Inappropriate

Inappropriate: • gambling sites• adult bookstores• sites that contain adult

content• sites that promote violence

and hate• sites that ask for money• sites that ask for personal

information

Appropriate: • Sites that include

https://• Veri-sign• Sites that show a

padlock at the bottom

The best way to handle inappropriate websites is to immediately exit.

In some cases websites are created to prevent exit through a process called looping. If this type of website is found, it may be necessary to turn the computer completely off to exit!

• The Internet is not anonymous. • When you sign on, others have access to you. • They could want to harm you.• They could want money• They could use information to conduct their

own business– Either selling your info or using it in an illegal

manner.

Private Information:

This information should not be given out on the Internet to maintain your safety.

Name AddressSchool Friends’ namesFamily names AgeSocial Security Number Phone number

Photographs

User Id/Screen name A User Id is a “nickname” you select to identify

you in e-mail, chats, etc.

• DO NOT USE Personal Information such as:

-Your real first name -Your real last name -Your location (i.e. hilliegirl, HaverhillGuy) -Your zip code -A suggestive name or word (i.e. sexyman42, hotbabygirl) -Pornographic or obscene words

• For added security, always opt NOT to add your name or nickname to any sort of member directory.

Password

Password Security:• Don’t tell anyone your password.• Don't write your password down

anywhere. • When you decide on a password, make sure it can't

be guessed. • If you think there's even a chance someone

else might know your password, change it. • Make sure no one is standing near you when

you enter your password

Watch out for… Dangers On the Web

Your own websiteYour own website – Many teens now have their own websites. However, you have to be careful about what information you display.

Examples:• Facebook• MySpace• Twitter

Watch out for… Dangers in E-mail

Spamming • Companies advertise via e-mail• They try to entice you to purchase items• Try to get you to visit inappropriate sites, etc. • Delete these e-mails DO NOT UNSUBSCRIBE.

Watch out for… Dangers in Email

• Inappropriate, offensive, angry e-mail should be reported to your Internet provider.

• Don’t send personal information, photographs, etc.

Watch out for… Dangers in Chatting

Chats can result in revealing information you wouldn’t normally reveal. This can leave you open to online predators.

Watch out for…Dangers in Various

online communications such as:

• Newsgroups• Instant Messenger• Social Networks• E-mail• Forums• Bulletin Boards, etc.

Important things to remember are:

• Do NOT include personal information in postings or send pictures

• Do NOT reveal anything identifying about yourself.

• Do NOT agree to meet or phone people you have met online.

• Private chats are NOT always private.• Be careful not to participate in a group

which might be illegal or hateful.

Cyber stalking:

Report this to the local police department and to your local provider, who can help you change your online ids to protect yourself.

Child Luring:

If you feel you are in danger or someone you know is in danger of becoming a victim of a predator, notify a trusted adult immediately. Call your local police department.