100% BIODEGRADABLE & COMPOSTABLE PLASTIC PRODUCTS FOR A SAFER AND CLEANER ENVIRONMENT FOR A SAFER AND CLEANER

ENVIRONMENT

CEO. B. Subramanian. Pars Kutay CFO. Jaydeep Sadadiya

Let’s make our Planet Clean & Green for the Next Generation!!!

MAYON BIO IMPEX Company Profile

• MAYON BIO IMPEX is an advanced polymer technology and packaging firm based in Gujarat, India, focused on delivering sustainable and affordable solution to the plastic waste problem around the World.

• MAYON BIO IMPEX offers own SAC branded and unbranded biodegradable and compostable packaging materials such as;

- SAC Branded Garbage Bags and Fridge Bags for the household markets worldwide.

- Carrier Bags and Food & Vegetable Bags for the retail sector worldwide.

- Industrial Garbage Bags for the Greater City Councils, Hospitals, Hotels etc. worldwide.

• MAYON BIO IMPEX’s products are produced with using unique proprietary formula of Enzyme-Bacteria based chain-end-biodegradation technology to achieve 100% biodegradation of polymers as per EN 13432:2000 / ISO 14855 standards which is the ONLY biotechnology in the world using Enzyme-Bacteria based substrate to achieve 100% biodegradability and compostability.

• The Formulation of Enzyme-Bacteria based substrate is absolutely unique and consists of several organic ingredients narrowed down to the enzyme, protein and bacteria compound drawn mainly from natural resources and medicinal plants to make this process methodology / technology non-hazardous and non-toxic. MAYON BIO IMPEX is using Nature to solve a Man-made problem!

MAYON BIO IMPEXRecommended Products

100% Biodegradable and Compostable Products produced by MAYON BIO IMPEX for a cleaner and safer environment ;

• Vest type carrier Bags from 7 to 50 µm

• Produce Bags-on- Rolls

• Freezer Bags

• Domestic Garbage Bags

• Industrial Garbage Bags

• Hospital Waste Garbage Bags

MAYON BIO IMPEX

• Our offering is a unique enzyme-bacteria based biodegradation technology, which has the ability to be utilised as a carbon source by living micro-organisms to convert our plastics products quickly and safely into carbon dioxide, biomass and water. Microbial breakdown is initiated where the carbonyl group is found. These functional groups are introduced in polyethylene during the photo thermal biodegradation process.

• The bio-chemical agents employed to produce our biodegradable products comprise mainly of enzymes, sodium salts and oxidation agents, which react with polyethylene types HDPE and LLDPE.

• It is a highly cost-effective, eco-friendly and non-hazardous biotechnology.

MAYON BIO IMPEXBiodegradation - Definition

• Biodegradation means transformation and deterioration of polymers solely by living organisms including the micro organisms excreted by them.

• The process is an active enzymatic reaction over the molecular structure of the polymer, in this case polyethylene.

• Is a biological processes during composting to yield CO², water, inorganic compounds and biomass.

• Rate of degradation consistent with other compostable materials like cellulose, wood or paper.

• Process leaves no visible, distinguishable or toxic residue.

Certifications and ComplianceProduct / Material Test Method

StandardTest Description Yes / No

“SAC” bio plastic byMAYON BIO IMPEX EN 13432: 2000

Packaging - Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and

biodegradationYes

ASTM D 6400: 04 Standard specification for compostable plastics

Yes

ISO 14855-1: 2005

Determination of the ultimate Aerobic biodegradability of plasticmaterials under controlled composting conditions method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide

Yes

ISO 14855-2: 2007

Determination of the ultimate Aerobic biodegradability of plasticmaterials under controlled composting conditions method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide

Yes

ASTM-D 5988: 96

Standard test method for Determining aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in soil Yes

ASTM-D 7209: 06

Standard guide for waste reduction resource recovery, and use of recycled polymeric materials and products Yes

US FDA 177.1520 United States Food Contact Safety Standard

Yes

MAYON BIO IMPEX

Enzymes with Polyethylene

• Enzymes used in our technology are regarded as catalysts, helping to promote the chemical reactions within the polyethylene products and thus accelerating the process of degradation. Auto-trophic bacteria, present in mineral salt media, containing some form of nitrogenous material, are also employed in this technology. Carbon is formed from the added oxidation agents within the product. The PH value of this embedded polyethylene composition is 9.5 thus confirming its alkaline characteristics.

• All the ingredients used in our technology are organic, food-grade and non-toxic in nature.

Overview of Degradation ProcessesOXO-degradable HYDRO-degradable PHOTO-degradable Bacteria -Enzyme based

TechnologiesChain-end -

biodegradation

Process Oxidation Hydrolysis ultra violet light Polymer - Chain-end biodegradation

Emits CO2,H20, biomass, trace elements CO2, Methane gas Monomer units that compost, CO22, H20, inorganic compounds and biomass

Method Reduction of molecular weight, break the polymer chain by UV light, light reduces the plastics strength and weakens the polymer bonds and fragments into small pieces.

Unzipping of polymer chain ends, Enzymes are catalysts accelerating degradation, finally attacked by micro organisms which can easily digest it

Initiated by Pro-degradant Additive Enzymatic treatment of HDPE/LLDPE blends with a 1 - 5% Bio-Master Batch

Material is based on Naphtha TPS, starch based polymers, up to 50% petrochemical base

98,5 -99 % PE is on petrochemical base, additive is Enzyme-Based substrate

AdditionalCost

Little Up to 400% more expensive than standard polymers such as LDPE

Very high Little

Advantages Available, inexpensive, easy to use, best performance

Disadvantages More harmful to the environment as it fragments into tiny pieces which remains in the environment and can be more dangerous and hazardous to wildlife and to human food chain.

Polymer chain structures remain in the soil, Green House Gas (methane) emissions, Price is high, Use of crops and land that could be used for foodstuff instead. GMO Geneticly motified crops. Cannot be recycled.

GMO Geneticly motified crops. Will not degrade in a landfill, sewer or in open environment. Cannot be recycled.

None

Studies of Degradation

Degradation observed after 105 days on a HDPE-based carry bags:

60%

CertificationsTest Certificate for Composition and Bio MasterBatch

by the SHRIRAM INSTITUTE FOR INDUSTRIAL RESARCH

Certifications as per EN 13432:2000Cross referred to ISO 14855

Test Certificate for HDPE bags: • Annexure 1• Annexure 2• Annexure 3

Summarizing the Invention

• MAYON BIO IMPEX’s associate has invested more than 10 years of research and development and successfully achieved a unique formula of Enzyme-Bacteria based Chain-end-Biodegradation technology which has been developed to biodegrade in open environment and landfills within 180 days after disposal.

• The formulation, the bio MasterBatch and the finished products are all tested according to the standards of ISO 17088 cross referred to ISO 14855 and EN13432.

• The Formulation of the Enzyme-Bacteria based substrate is absolutely unique and consists of several organic ingredients narrowed down to the enzyme, protein and bacteria compound drawn mainly from natural resources and medicinal plants to make this process methodology / technology non-hazardous and non-toxic.

• The formulation is compounded and PE-based and easily to be added to any existing blown film extrusion line.

• The finished biodegradable product features the same mechanical and optical properties as a product without the bio MasterBatch loading.

ConclusionsBiodegradable materials have not been successful in a big way until today,

Reason being

– most of biodegradable materials are based on renewable plant-base resources

– The new study from the scientists of University of Massachusetts-Lowell University conducted a cradle to grave life-cycle analysis (LCA) found that plant-based renewable Bioplastics are environmental and occupational health and safety hazards in their production as they use vast amount of chemical pesticide and fertilizers which produce Methane that pollute our air and water.

– plants grown for bio-plastics have negative impacts of their own and they are under attack as they are often produced from GMO genetically modified food crops such as corn, potatoes, and soybeans, a practice that carries a high risk of contaminating the food chain

– plant-based bio-plastics materials are very expensive and they show a very poor performance especially in the form of biodegradable and compostable bags

– plant-based bio-plastics are designed to be composted and cannot be recycled. The plant-based material will actually contaminate the recycling process if not separated from conventional plastics such as normal plastic bags etc.

– plant-based materials cannot biodegrade in open environment or landfills as they require high heat industrial composting facilities which are few and far between

On the other hand, SAC bio plastic by MAYON BIO IMPEX

– is truly biodegradable and compostable in an open environment and landfills within 180 days after disposal

– is available and affordable with the lowest cost addition

– Is eco-friendly and is not a threat to the global food supply chain

– does not deliver inferior products and can also be recycled

– is organic, non-hazardous and non-toxic

– is established at a pilot marketing with Carrefour Turkey in terms of it’s unique bio-technology withSAC branded products and consumer acceptance

We are using Nature to solve a Man-made problem!

Let’s make our Planet Clean & Green for the Next Generation!!!