Lessons to be learnt from the use of administrative sources in a recent immigration country
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Transcript of Lessons to be learnt from the use of administrative sources in a recent immigration country
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
www.czso.cz
UN ECE Workshop on international migration statistics for countries of CIS and South-Eastern
Europe; Edinburgh, 23rd-24th Nov. 2006
Lessons to be learnt from the use of administrative sources
in a recent immigration country
Bohdana Hola, Czech Rep.;e-mail: [email protected]
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
www.czso.cz
What does it mean Recent Immigration Country?
unpredictable increase in stock of foreigners at the end of a year
or massive increase in number of
immigrants/net migration?
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Stock information – Czech Rep.Foreigners' stock at 31st Dec
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
year
thou
sand
s of
fore
igne
rs
Non-permanentresidences offoreigners
Permanentresidences andasylums
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Flow information – Czech Rep.Immigrants and emigrants 1995-2005
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Tho
usan
ds o
f peo
ple
Immigrants
Emigrants
Net migration
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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What can Czech experience give to CIS and SEE countries?
* Similar history (under USSR political block) (probably) similar initial registration systems probably similar (or stronger) position of
Ministry of Interior and similar (or weaker) position of NSI within „de-facto“ governmental institutions‘ hierarchy
* Rising importance of immigration phenomenon
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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What are the main differences
EU/non-EU – EU pressure for harmonisation of data provided to Eurostat is much stronger
Registration of non-permanent change of residence of nationals (it was cancelled in the Czech Republic)
Migration situation patterns (stateless, former USSR and former Yugoslavia heritage etc.)
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Administrative data sources in CZ
Population register (nationals+foreigners) Foreigners Information System (visas and
permits, residences, illegal migration and stay reported etc.)
Database “Refugee” (asylum process) Registration on naturalisation (ctz agenda) OK Labour system (work-permits and
registrations) Register of TradeLicences other
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
www.czso.cz
Where to get the data for UN? (non-migratory flows)
nationals foreigners1. Pendlers LFS tourism statistics2. Persons in transit ? transit visas?3. Excoursionists4. Tourists
5.Bussiness travellers
6.Diplomatic and
consular personelMFA MFA
7. Military personel MD MD
8. Nomads ? ?
tourism statistics
tourism statistics
Transients
International Tourists
Persons Traditionally
Excluded from Int. Migration
Stats (incl. their dependants)
Group CathegorySource
tourism statistics
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Where to get the data for UN? (migr.flows+stocks)
nationals foreigners9. Students ?10. Trainees ?11. Workers ?
12.Internat.
Organisations' Workers
? FBP/MFA?
13.Free
establishment?
14. Settlers Popul. Register15. Family ?16. Refugees ? MI
17. Asylum Seekers ? MI
18.Ilegals and Returnees
? FBP
International Migration
Persons Whose Duration of
Stayi is Uncertain
FBP
Source
FBP
Group Cathegory
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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How to get data following the „1 year rule“ from UN Recom.
ask for „intention to stay“ at the time of crossing the border or at the time of registration
validity of visa/permit (majority of visa is 90 days and over)
ex-post coverage (waiting 1 year) using of estimation scheme
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Migration statistics – methodological change towards UN Recommendations
(1 year rule) till 2000 migration=permanent residence
change; notification on migration unique for nationals and foreigners
2001-2002 (following census)– extension for foreigners (ex-post long-term migration = waiting 1 year from real immigration); nationals – permanent residence change remains
2003-today – ex-post ex-ante coverage of migration (ex-post adjustment for those who emigrated during one calendar year)
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Lessons we have learnt: I it is nearly impossible to fully follow the 1998 UN
Recommendation using administrative sources only.
„DIY“ is the best practice for the compilation of statistics from administrative source (when you have the chance).
Institution responsible for register won‘t change anything to satisfy statistical needs unless it is made by law or any other legal act.
If there is any governmental committee responsible for integration of foreigners, participation of NSI in such committee could help to improve data collection.
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Lessons we have learnt: II It is possible to find a common speech with
analysts from the responsible institutionbut it is almost impossible to find a common speech
with their lawyers concerning individual data transfers.
Everybody wants data, nobody wants to submit data.
One would probably succeed when obtaining stock data. But to get flow data makes real problem because officials won’t understand the request.
The stronger are rules for entering the country (visas, permits) the easier is way to find and get data. Data on flows of nationals and people under free-movement – this is real problem!
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Lessons we have learnt: III
UN Recommendations are good servant but a very bad lord. When
they are revised, the point of view of the NSIs should be taken into account to have realistic and
encouraging and not idealistic and depressing book of Recommendations
CZECH STATISTICAL OFFICENa padesátém 81, CZ - 100 82 Praha 10, Czech Republic
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Thank you for your attention