Lessons and regional linkages through the Tool Box in other GWP regions

D. Thalmeinerova, GWP

ToolBox experience (up to now)

• Transfer of IWRM knowledge from CEE to CACENA using ToolBox

• Localized version of ToolBox in SEA• ToolBox as “planning” tool in IWRM process in SAF• ScoreCard project in West/East Africa

CEE / CACENA

• Three pillars of ToolBox activities:– Dissemination of knowledge on IWRM – Training “sessions” based upon the needs and demands– Development of case studies

• Main mission:– to support the water community to recognize the characteristics

of tools suited to improve water governance– to facilitate capturing and exchanging experiences derived from

IWRM processes

Activities in CEE

• To provide source of knowledge on IWRM and supplement “EU duties”

– EU Water Framework Directive appears to be a complex and plentiful approach that to be understood

– “rote” (mechanical) transposition of EU water related directives might miss the aim of IWRM

• To develop case studies

– Totally 81 case studies elaborated in period 2004-2009 (mainly on involvement of the public at the planning process – new aspect in post-socialist countries)

• To incorporate IWRM issues in education curricula of universities

Activities in CACENA

• ToolBox as a source of training documentation: 8 seminars in CACENA (2004 – 2008)– “Themes” selected by participants– Tool Box database (including case studies) used for

presentations

ToolBox as a “manual” for new water initiatives (e.g. projects to be financed)

Value added of the Tool Box in CEE/CACENA

• Contribution to capacity building• Stimulation of “joint effort” of water experts who acted in

isolation of each other (or fighting against each other)• Better (illustrative) interpretation of IWRM concept

(rather than popularization of the term “IWRM”)

Some shortcomings of ToolBox• in CEE:

– ToolBox competes with EU guidelines

• in CACENA: – Language problem– Printed version most comfortable then internet

connection

Lessons learnt in CEE and CACENA

• Clear structure of ToolBox portrays IWRM approach– Clear understanding that river basins are units for

water resources planning– Increased awareness that different sectors have to

work together (including water sectors!!!!)– Participatory approach is not a “break” but

“accelerator” of future actions committed

• Projects being developed are now confronted whether (if) IWRM components are present

ToolBox activities in SEA

• In 2005, a prototype of IWRM ToolBox web site in SEA launched

• Intention was to motivate users to study the “IWRM Tools” and to get them to contribute cases and become part of a “ToolBox Community”

GWP-SEA ToolBox (Cases Grouped by IWRM Themes)

GWP-SEA ToolBox (All Cases Grouped by Country)

Activities in SAF

• Project: Unpacking the IWRM ToolBox using the Lower Manyame IWRM Demonstration Project– Lessons learned in developing

IWRM Plan– Discussion how each tool is

applied in the IWRM plan– Publication disseminated to

other basins

• ToolBox training for WaterNet students– Regular training for MSc IWRM

students

Application of GWP ToolBox in national water planning

• ToolBox used in Eritrea, Malawi, Ethiopia and Zambia (PAWD initiative)

– as a reference source to improve water governance

– as a framework for analysis of the water resources situation

Eritrea (institutional arrangements)

• Specific challenges to be addressed in course of IWRM planning– Weak integration and coordination of water sector institutions;– Lack of clarity in the mandates of the various government agencies;

– Inadequate capacity (institutional and human) to study and assess

the nation water resources, prepare development plan and implement and monitor projects;

– Low capacity of the existing WRM institution (WRD) to fulfil the mandate & responsibilities; and

– Inadequate qualified expertise and infrastructure for research

Tools: - Institu

tional roles (B1.1-1.11)

- Institu

tional Cap Building (B2.1-2.3)

• National Level

• Local Level

• Sub local

• Level

Outcome: A new Institutional framework has been proposed

Proposed Institutional Framework

Water Authority

Regulatory & Plan

Research & Inform.

Dev’t & Mgt

HRD & Training C.

Implementing Bodies

National Water Advisory Board

Audit

Gender Advisor

Finance & Adminst.

Transboundary Water Mgt

ERI-CWP Forum

Zoba Water Service/Sewerage

Contractors Consultants NGOs/Agencies

Sub-Zoba Water Supply & Sewerage

Services

Major Cities Water Supply & Sewerage

Services

Eritrea (water resources management functions)• Enforcement and compliance,• Recovery of cost of WRM,• Collecting water resources information and operating databases,• Preparation of WR and environmental assessments,• Monitoring of water availability and use• Conflict mediation;

Tools: - Water re

sources assessment (C1.1-1.2, 1.5)

-

Social change instruments (C4.1-4.2)

-

Regulatory instruments (C6.1-6.2)

Plus: workshops, seminars

• A new legislation drafted:

– Regulation for the Issuance of Permits for water use and construction of hydraulic works (Draft 2007)

– Regulation for the issuances of waste water permits (Draft 2002)

– Guideline for community managed water supply, sanitation and hygiene (2008 operational)

– Water resources sector plan (2008-2015)

Outcome: Management Instruments developed for better water resources management

Lesotho: Road Map for IWRM

Areas for change defined using ToolBox “categories”

Working questions:Q 1: Is it [specific tool] relevant to Lesotho?Q 2: Is the element [of a tool] adequately developed and available?Q 3: Is the element [of a tool] functioning according to intention?

Recommendations were made on various elements under these change areas to be applied

Enabling Environment (A TOOLS)Tools of the ToolBox as a basis

Q1: Q2: Q3

A1 Policies – setting goals for water use, protection and conservation Scores by National Stakeholders

In Lesotho during workshop

A1.1 – A national water resources policy Yes 3 2

A1.2 – Policies with relation to water resources Yes 1 1

A2 Legislative framework – Water policy translated into law

A2.1 – Water rights Yes 4 1

A2.2 – Legislation for water quality Yes 4 1

A2.3 – Reform of existing legislation Yes - -

A3 Financing and incentive structures – financial resources to meet water needs

A3.1 – Investment policies Yes 1 1

A3.2 – Financing options I – Grants and internal sources Yes 4 1

A3.3 – Financing options II – Loans and equity Yes 4 1

Other countries` experience• Ethiopia (ToolBox for capacity building)

– A Regional Training of Trainers (TOT) Course on Conflict Management and Negotiation Skills for IWRM

– Financial instruments– Water/GP modeling– IWRM Facilitation skills

• Zambia (ToolBox as analytical tool)

– Applied in Root Cause Analysis• Malawi (ToolBox as strategic intervention tool)

– Used together with Problem Tree method

Results achieved in PAWD program

• Toolbox has supported IWRM Planning in Africa• IWRM Plans developed in 5 countries: Zambia, Malawi, Kenya,

Senegal and Mali• Cases for the IWRM Planning documented and uploaded on the

GWP website for information sharing with others

Lessons learnt in application of ToolBox in IWRM planning (PAWD countries)

• IWRM planning process – always make linkages to broader national economic development goals

• IWRM plan needs to be focused and realistic to attract political support and funding for implementation

• Integration in IWRM is not easy and examples from elsewhere though useful may not be relevant as this depends on context

• The toolbox should be used as a reference and not guidelines

• Toolbox need to be updated (climate change issues and issues of water infrastructure are less developed)

Water Governance ScoreCard• Program for Effective Water Governance (7 countries involved: Benin,

Burkina Faso, Ghana and Niger and in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda)

• Diagnosis and mapping of water governance in a visually clear standard format

– ScoreCard methodology

– ToolBox structure used in assessment