Lesson~10 (Infectious Dses) 54 Slides

8/13/2019 Lesson~10 (Infectious Dses) 54 Slides

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Measures to prevent outbreak:1. Voluntary home confinement

- limitation of movement of a person who has traveled to aSARS affected area for 14 days if he/she has no s/s.

2. Quarantine- the imposed limitation of movements of persons who

have been exposed to a person with communicable disease.3. Isolation

- the total separation of a person sick of a communicabledisease. Isolation precautions are observed. ~

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MENINGOCOCCEMIA or MENINGOCOCCAL MENIGITIS- an acute communicable disease that occurs sporadically in the

Philippines . It commonly affects children but can occur in adults incrowded living areas.

- EA: Nesseria meningitidis (a gram-negative diplococcus which aresensitive to light and changes in temperature)

- S/S: sudden onset of fever, nausea, vomiting & a petecchial rash(a small red or purple spots that does not disappear when pressureis applied) that becomes larger & are located mainly in theextremities. The patient becomes progressively sicker withsymptoms of meningitis (headache, stiff neck, back pain, changesin mental status, seizures or convulsions) in later stages. Thepatient may also be asymptomatic, or may produce only an acutenasopharyngitis.

- MOT: a. close personal contact (direct contact with nasopharyngealsecretions of infected persons)b. airborne (droplet) spread ~

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*Incubation period varies from 2 10 days*Infected persons can transmit the disease even before the

manifestation of s/s*Patients under antibiotic therapy will usually not be infectious

after 24 hours & carriers without symptoms continue to shedthe bacteria indefinitely until they are detected and treated. ~

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Preventive measures:1. Preventive antibiotic medication - is recommended to persons in close contacts with meningococcalpatients: a. household members

b. visitors who stayed overnight within 7 days before the illnessc. persons who stayed in the same room with a case for 4 hours

or mored. anyone directly exposed to the patients nasopharyngeal

secretions2. Wear personal protective devices3. Handwashing4. Proper disposal of soiled articles5. Avoid sharing of eating or drinking utensils6. Avoid crowded places to minimize exposure ~

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Lesson~10 (Infectious Dses) 54 Slides

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