Lesson IV: 2 nd Declension Nouns
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Transcript of Lesson IV: 2 nd Declension Nouns
Lesson IV: 2nd Declension Nouns
Oct. 9-11, 2012
Let’s Review!
• Nouns are divided into groups called declensions..
• Declensions are a set of shared endings.• So far, we’ve learned 1st Declension Nouns.
In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun.
(Endings)Case Singular Plural
Nominative a aeGenitive ae arumDative ae isAccusative am asAblative a is
Example: insularum = plural genitive
Step 2: Add the case endings to the noun stem.
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Singular Plural
2nd Declension Nouns
• 2nd declension nouns end in –i in the genitive singular.
• Most 2nd declension nouns are masculine or neuter.
• Let’s learn how to decline a 2nd declension noun on its “declension chart.”
2nd Declension Nouns
(Endings)Case Singular Plural
Nominative -us -iGenitive -i -orumDative -o -isAccusative -um -osAblative -o -is
Write these down!
Step 1 – Find the noun stemThe noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun.
Dictionary entry of a noun:
servus servi, m. slave
Nominativesingular
Genitive singular
GenderMeaning
servi – i = serv-Noun Stem
2nd Declension Nounsservus, servi (m.) --- slave
Case Singular Plural
Nominative servus serviGenitive servi servorumDative servo servisAccusative servum servosAblative servo servis
Your turn! Try equus, equi (m.) --- horse
Nouns and Adjectives
• Remember that nouns and adjectives must agree in GENDER, NUMBER, and CASE.
• Adjectives can be declined with 2nd declension endings to modify masculine nouns.
• parva puella: the little girl• parvus equus: the little horse• servus bonus: the good slave• servi boni: the good slaves• agricola bonus: the good farmer
Adjective practiceComplete each sentence with the correct endings.
• Bon____ est equus.• Carri long____ sunt.• Ubi sunt viae long____?• Servus equum mal____ non amat.• Terra erat dur____.
usi
aeum
a
Textbook p. 37 Ex. A• 1. Viae sunt malae.• 2. Servus erat parvus.• 3. Servus est non malus.• 4. Equi magni sunt et boni.• 5. Carri magni sunt sed equi sunt parvi.• 6. Servi aquam laudant.• 7. Servus malus in terra laborat.• 8. Agricola magnos carros spectat.• 9. Ubi servi multos carros parant?• 10. Puella et agricola longam vitam laudant.Case Sg. Pl.
Nom. (subject) a aeGen. ae arumDat. ae isAcc. (direct obj.) am asAbl. a is
Case Sg. Pl.
Nom. (subject) us iGen. i orumDat. o isAcc. (direct obj.) um osAbl. o is