Lesson 7.8 Simple Probability Essential Question: How do you find the probability of an event?
Lesson Essential Question
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Lesson Essential Question
1. What is a wetland?
2. Why are wetlands important to their ecosystem?
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What is a wetland?
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Water Classification• Wetlands are areas that are
covered by water or have waterlogged soils for long periods during the growing season.
• Plants growing in wetlands are capable of living in saturated soil conditions for at least part of the growing season.
• Sometimes may be unrecognizable as these areas will dry out.
• Wetlands are found from the tundra to the tropics and on every continent except Antarctica.
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What is a wetland?• There are three characteristics that describe a
wetland:1. Hydrology
– There must be water at or near the surface of the land for a designated amount of time.
2. Soils – Must be hydric or saturated with water to create an
anaerobic (oxygen-free environment).3. Plants
– Must be “wetland plants,” meaning that they require lots of water and the anaerobic conditions that the hydric soil creates. (Smith & Smith, 2001)
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Hydrologyis at the surface or within the soil root zone during all or part of the growing season
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Hydric Soil Classification
• Soils are characterized by frequent, prolonged saturation and low oxygen content, which lead to anaerobic chemical environments where reduced iron is present.
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Hydrophylic Plant Classification
• Plants adapted for growing in standing water or saturated soils, such as moss, sedges, reeds, cattail and horsetail, rice, mangroves, cypress, cranberries, etc.
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United State and Wetlands
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Importance of Wetlands: Hydrologic•Long term and short
term water storage–Wetlands protect land from damage caused by flooding, storms and tidal damage
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Importance of Wetlands: Water Filtration
•Wetlands remove nutrients from surface and ground water by filtering and by converting nutrients to forms that won’t harm the environment
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Importance of Wetlands: Habitat
• There are a number of plant and animal species that can only survive in a wetland ecosystem
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What happens when wetlands are destroyed?
• Destruction of wetlands can cause many problems such as:– Increased floods– Water quality problems– Population decrease in plants and animals
that live in wetlands
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Can builders destroy wetlands?• Section 401and 404 of the Clean Water
Act require developers that are going to destroy a wetland to do three things:– Avoid changing wetlands when possible– When a wetland is impossible to avoid, they
must do as little damage as possible.– If a wetland is destroyed, they must rebuild a
wetland in another place unless they pay into a special fund to restore streams and wetlands.
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Wetland Improvements•Wetland Restoration
•Wetland Creation
•Wetland Enhancement
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Wetland Restoration
• A degraded wetland or former wetland is returned to its previous condition as much as possible
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Wetland Creation•A non-wetland area is converted into a wetland
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Wetland Enhancement•A function of the wetland is improved upon