Lesson 54 Satellites

高二（下）高二（下）

广州市培英中学广州市培英中学 王凤明王凤明

What is a satellite anyway?

A satellite is an object that orbits or revolves around another object. For example, the Moon is a satellite of the Earth, and the Earth is a satellite of the Sun.  

The orbit

A natural satellite

A man-made satelliteA man-made satellite

Fill in each blank to complete the sentences:

1.A piece of equipment for taking photographs or making films is called a ______.

2.The kitchen is very small. To save space, we _____ up the table after each meal.

3.The word ______ means “very wide”.

4.When you _______ a pipe or wire to something, you join the end of it to the end of the other thing.

5.Mr. Brown was waiting in the studio. When he saw the ______, he began to speak.

6.Let’s set in a ______ round the table to have a round table meeting.

camera

broad

fold

connect

signal

circle

Questions:1. How are man-made satellites carried up into space?

2. Why are satellites so expensive?

3. What can weather satellites do?

Questions:

1.How are man-made satellites carried up into space?

2.Why are satellites so expensive?

3.What can weather satellites do?

Man-made satellites are carried up into space by rockets.

First, it must be light. Second, it usually contains very expensive cameras.

Weather satellites send information and photos of weather conditions to weather stations on the earth.

Tell if the following sentences are true or false.

1.When we talk about the satellite, we always refer to the moon.

2. If a rocket does not reach a speed of 28,440 km/h, it will fall back to the earth.

3.A man-made satellite usually contains very expensive cameras as well as equipment for making electricity from sunshine.

4.Before the satellite goes into its orbit round the earth, the panels are unfolded in order to catch the sunshine.

5. Scientists can control the direction of the satellite by the rocket motor on the satellite.

(F)

(T)

(T)

(F)

(T)

6. The satellites for broadcasting connect broadcasting stations, which are a long distance from each other.

7. Most of the satellites for broadcasting don’t remain above the same place on the earth and travel round the earth in a very high circle.

8. Weather satellites send not only information but also photos of weather conditions to weather stations on the earth.

(T)

(F)

(T)

Main idea:

Para. 1 Definition of satellites and types of

satellites.

Para. 2 How satellites are carried into space.

Para. 3 Why satellites are so expensive.

Para. 4 How satellites work.

Para. 5 The function of satellites on

broadcasting.

Para. 6 The function of weather satellites.

Communications

This is a communications satellite called EchoStar 3. It's used to send TV signals to homes in North America. Today, there are more than 100 communications satellites orbiting Earth.

Relay( 转播） Stations Communications satellites act as relay stations in space. People use them to bounce （反射传送） messages from one part of the world to another. These messages can be telephone calls, TV pictures, or even Internet connections.

Earth Remote Sensing （传感器）Remote-sensing satellites, like the one shown on the left, study Earth‘s surface. From 300 miles (480 km) up, this satellite uses powerful cameras to scan （观测） the planet. The satellite then sends back valuable data about global （全球的） environments （环境） .

Weather SatellitesThis satellite is called TIROS (Television Infrared 红外线的 Observational Satellite). It records weather patterns around the world. Many countries use TIROS data to forecast （预测） weather, track （追踪） storms, and do scientific research.

Global Positioning System

 This satellite is part of a group of satellites that can tell you your exact latitude, （纬度） longitude, （经度） and altitude （海拔） . The military developed the Global Positioning System (GPS), but now people everywhere can use these satellites to determine where in the world they are.

1.once 1). conj. as soon as

一旦你到了那里， 你就会爱上哪个美丽的地方。

You will love the beautiful place once you get there.

一旦你理解了这条规则， 你就不会再有困难了。

Once you understand the rule, you will have no further difficulty.

一旦作出了决定， 就不应该改变它。

A decision shouldn’t be changed once it is made.

2). 一次 one time

我过去每周收到父亲一封信。

I used to get a letter from my father once a week.

3). some time ago 曾经一度，过去（有一次）

大卫以前认识她， 但他们不再是朋友了。

David once knew her, but they are no longer

friends.

没有人再记得那位曾一度受欢迎的歌星。

No one remembers that once-popular singer.

有一次夜里我醒来， 听到风在刮着。

Once in the night I woke and heard the wind

blowing.

2. broad, wide

1). broad 和 wide “ 宽宽的”一般情况下可换用。 Chang’an Avenue is the broadest/widest

street in Beijing.

The river is 300 feet broad /wide.

2). 但两者的侧重点不同， broad 强调幅面的宽广， wide 着重从一边到另一边的距离。 这条路宽 12 英尺。 The road is 12 feet wide. 我们看到广阔的海洋。 We saw the broad ocean.

3). 在谈及人体的某些部位时， 其搭配较为固定， 如形容肩， 胸， 背的宽时， 用 ______ ；形容口，眼睛的大时， 用 ______医生让哪个宽肩膀的男孩张大嘴。

The doctor told the boy with broad shoulders to

open his mouth wide.

broad wide

3. fold ( 折叠 ) unfold( 展开 )

他拆开信封， 把信打开。He opened the envelope and unfolded the letter.他把信叠好，装入信封。He folded the letter and put it in an envelope.

cover—uncover

dress—undress

pack—unpack

tie—untie

lock—unlock

在动词前加“ un” ， 表相反动作。

able—unable

certain—uncertain

clean—unclean

equal—unequal

fair—unfair

real—unreal

在形容词前加“ un” ， 表否定的意思。

4. connect: 1). 强调分离的事物在某一点上相互接触， 但又各自保持独立性；连接是松散的，多与介词 with 连用。

这条公路连接着北京和天津。

This new highway connects Beijing and Tianjin.

这条公路与那条公路在哪儿相连？

Where does the road connect with that one?

2). be connected with ＝ have sth. (much) to do with …

“ 与……有关系（联系）”

史密斯先生从 980 年起就与着家公司有联系。

Mr. Smith has been connected with this

company since 1980.

cf: join 强调把原来分开的东西连成一体， 连接紧密， 多与 to 连用， join up/ together, 表示“把…… 连接起来”

他们修建一座桥把这个岛与大陆连接起来。

They joined the island to the mainland with a bridge.

为了御敌于国门之外， 秦始皇令人把所有的城墙连接起来。

To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.

5. direction n.

Eg. In the direction 朝……方向

in the opposite/same direction

in all directions 朝四面八方

follow one’s directions (instructions)

using directions 使用说明 under the direction of 在……的指导下

The car was running in the direction of the airport.

The birds flew in all directions.

We did the experiment under the direction of our teacher.

6.keep out of : stay away from something bad

不牵涉进去， 不要惹（事）， 避开 我警告比尔， 在我外出是不要惹麻烦。I warned Bill to keep out of trouble while I’m away. 已经警告了孩子们在长庄稼的时候不要到地里去。Children have been warned to keep out of fields while the crops are growing.