Lesson 18 Dialogue 1 Grammar University of Michigan Flint Zhong, Yan.
Lesson 5 Dialogue 1 Grammar University of Michigan Flint Zhong, Yan.
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Transcript of Lesson 5 Dialogue 1 Grammar University of Michigan Flint Zhong, Yan.
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Lesson 5 Dialogue 1
GrammarUniversity of Michigan Flint
Zhong, Yan
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一下 (yí xià) & ( 一 ) 点儿 ({yì} diǎnr)
Moderating the Tone of Voice
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Following a verb, both 一下 (yí xià, lit. “once”) and ( 一 ) 点儿 ({yì} diǎnr “a bit”) can soften the tone in a question or an imperative sentence, therefore making it more polite.
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一下 (yí xià) modifies the verb 你看一下,这是谁的照片
? Nǐ kàn yí xià, zhè shì shéi de zhàopiàn? (Take a look. Whose photo is this?)
你进来一下。 Nǐ jìn lai yí xià. (Come in for a minute.)
( 一 ) 点儿 ({yì} diǎnr) modifies the object 你想吃点儿什么 ? Nǐ
xiǎng chī diǎnr shénme? (What would you like to eat?)
你喝一点儿茶吧。 Nǐ hē yìdiǎnr chá ba. (Have a little tea.)
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Adjectives as Predicates
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In Chinese, when an adjective functions as a predicate, it is not preceded by the verb 是 (shì, to be). It is usually modified by 很 (hěn, very)
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I’m happy today.
我今天很高兴。 Wǒ jīntiān hěn
gāoxìng.
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His younger sister is pretty.
他妹妹很漂亮。 Tā mèimei hěn
piàoliang.
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That movie is good.
那个电影很好。 Nà ge diànyǐng
hěn hǎo.
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However, 很 (hěn) is not as strong as “very” in English. When forming a question with an adjective as the predicate, 很 is not used.
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A: 你弟弟高吗?Nǐ dìdi gāo ma? (Is your younger brother tall?)
B: 他很高。 Tā hěn gāo. (He is tall.)
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A: 你家大吗? Nǐ jiā dà ma? (Is your house big?)
B: 我家不大,很小。 Wǒ jiā bú dà, hěn xiǎo. (My house is not big, it’s small.)
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Chinese adjectives without 很 (hěn) or any sort of modifier before them can often imply comparison or contrast.
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A: 姐姐漂亮还是妹妹漂亮? Jiějie piàoliang háishi mèimei piàoliang? (Who’s prettier, the older sister or the younger sister?)
B: 妹妹漂亮。 Mèimei piàoliang. (The younger sister is prettier).
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My younger sister’s Chinese is good. My Chinese is not good. 妹妹的中文好,我的
中文不好。 Mèimei de
Zhōngwén hǎo, wǒ de Zhōngwén bù hǎo.
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The Preposition 在 (zài, at; in; on)
Combined with a noun, the preposition 在 (zài) indicates location. When the phrase is placed before a verb, it indicates the location of the action.
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A: 我的书在哪儿? Wǒ de shū zài nǎr? Where is my book?
B: 在那儿。 Zài nàr. It’s over there.
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A: 你在哪儿工作? N ǐ zài nǎr
gōngzuò ? Where do you work?
B: 我在这儿工作。 Wǒ zài zhèr
gōngzuò. I work here.
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I study Chinese at this university.
我在这个大学学中文。
Wǒ zài zhè ge dàxué xué Zhōngwén.
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I don’t like to watch movies at home.
我不喜欢在家看电影。
Wǒ bù xǐhuan zài jiā kàn diànyǐng.
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The Particle 吧 (ba)
吧 (ba) is a sentence-fi nal “suggestion” particle, often used at the end of an imperative sentence to soften the tone.
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Why don’t you have some coffee?
你喝咖啡吧。 Nǐ hē kāfēi ba.
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Come in, please.
请进来吧。 Qǐng jìn lai ba.
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Let’s dance.
我们跳舞吧。 Wǒmen tiào wǔ
ba.
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是吗 (Shì ma?) is not a question
Although it takes a question mark, 是吗 (Shì ma?) is not a question here but a mild expression of surprise on hearing something unexpected. Here it indicates one’s modesty on receiving a compliment. It could be translated as “Is that so?” “You don't say!” or “Really?”
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你们家很大,也很漂亮。
Nǐmen jiā hěn dà, yě hěn piàoliang.
是吗? Shì ma?
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哪儿 nǎr
where a question word
Do not confuse it with 那儿 Nàr there
这儿 Zhèr here
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谢谢
再见
University of Michigan Flint Zhong, Yan