Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs
description
Transcript of Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs
Warm-up
Guesses
Let’s go !
Newton , British physical scientist,
astronomer and mathematician.
He proved the Theory of Gravity to be true.
He was British who invented an advanced steam engine.
Watt
On December 17th, 1903, they made the world's first flight in a machine that was heavier than air and powered by an engine.
Wright Brothers
More guesses
Let’s go !
Among the several important discoveries made in his life, the greatest is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity.
Albert Einstein
The designer ,Eckert , the first commercial computer made in the United States
American physicist John William Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert
He was a young Scottish bacteriologist when an accidental discovery led to one of the great developments of modern medicine.
Discover it in February 14
Penicillin
Alexander Fleming(1881-1955)
Edwin Hubble
American astronomer. He changed our ideas about the universe and how it developed. In the late Nineteen-Twenties, his study lead to the most important astronomical discovery of the Twentieth century -- the expanding universe. And he proved that mist were galaxies themselves. Astronomers now agree that far distant galaxies do exist.
beautiful
space
Hubble
space
telescope
Objectives 目标
• to use reading strategies for identifying accurate information.
.to learn about some scientific breakthroughs and the scientists.
In this lesson the students will be able:
Find words in the text with the following meanings:
meanwhile
galaxy
• 1. to give something e.g. money, to a person or an organization in order to help them
• 2. a part of the body, such as heart or lungs• 3. to divide something into separate parts • 4. compare two things that are happening at the
same time • 5. expressing your opinions honestly• 6. one of the large groups of stars that make up
the universe • 7. to make someone who is ill well again• 8.a type of oven that cooks food very quickly
outspoken
microwave
cure
organ
split
donate
Step1. 预习检测 : identify important words
• 1. One of the 20th century’s p_____ scientists was Einstein who was i____ to d____ E=mc2 which showed how an u_____ amount of energy was produced.
• 2. Scientists f____ ___ how to split the atom and changed the way we c______ from writing letters to emailing.
• 3. The o____ of penicillin is a_____, which helped to c____ people.
• 4. It is a real d_____ on your hands to choose the most important discovery of the 20th century. Scientific
• b_____ improve the quality of human life on earth.
Fill in the blanks
Can you find some words in the text that express the same ideas? For example, discover and figure out.
remiernspired iscover
nbelievableigured out
orrespond
utcome mazingure
ilemma
reakthroughs
Step2.Learn by yourselves学生自学
阅读策略• 1.First,read the text to get the general idea 略读,抓住文
章的中心意思。 .• 2.Then read the questions and grasp the key words in th
e question. 读问题抓住问题中的关键词• 3.Find the relevant part of the text and identify the import
ant words. 找到文章中与问题相关部分的关键词• 4.Make sure that you base your decision on the informati
on in the text. 紧扣文章
Careful reading..
Time Name Discovery How to discover
Influence
1905
after the First
World War
1929
1946
1903
Time Name Discovey How Influence
1905
after the
First World War
Albert Einstein
the equation
Sudden thought
changed our understanding of the universe and helped to create the nuclear bomb
Edwin Hubble
mist ( 星云 )
By using the most high-power telescope of the time
proved the universe was vastly larger than had previously been thought
Time Name Discovery How Influence
1929
1946
1903
Alexander Fleming
penicillin by accident
helped to save millions of lives
Eckert & Mauchly
the first computer
worked hard
not mentioned
Wilbur Wright& Orville Wright
the first plane
studied for many years
made great contributions to the development of aircraft
Text Memory Fill in the blanks
Albert Einstein was suddenly________ when he was rocking his baby. He then showed in his “_________________” that not even time, ______ or ______ are _______---they change according to _______________ of them.
inspiredtheory of relativity
mass length constantour experience
Edwin Hubble used the most _____________ telescope of the time and began the long, slow process of _________________. He discovered small areas of _____ which proved that the ________was larger than _________________________
high-powered
exploring our galaxy mistuniverse
had previously been thought
Alexander Fleming saw a strange blue mould in the dish around which____________________________. This blue mould was in fact the ____________________.
the bacteria had been destroyed
natural form of penicillin
In the 20th century, amazing discoveries were made in ____________________________________. Without the ____________ of these ___________________________, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would _________________________________.
medicine, communication,transport and spacebreakthroughs pioneers in science and technology
have been a completely different place
1. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “e=mce=mc22 ” .
2. Einstein participated in the programme that developed the nucle
ar bomb.
3. Hubble studied the universe for over twenty years.
4. Hubble discovered that our galaxy is bigger than we thought it w
as.
5. Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the d
iscovery happened.
6. The first computer was extremely difficult to program.
Are these statements true (T) of false (F) according to the text or is there no information (NI)? Use the strategies to help you.
F
NINI
T
F
NI
rock baby
.1. Who said that ‘Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration’?A. Albert Einstein B. Madame Curie C. Thomas Edison
2. Who received two Nobel prizes and she discovered radium In 1898?A. Gregor Mendel B. Madame Curie C. Isaac Newton
First readingFirst reading
Reading strategy 1 →→ Get the general idea and read the text fast. Don’t worry about the words that are new to you.
The purpose of this article is _______.
A. the introduction of Albert EinsteinB. the introduction of the process of scientific
breakthroughC. introduction of the major scientific discoveries in
the 20th centuryD. the contributions scientists made to the world
summaryThe text mainly talks about a few pioneers of science and their discoveries in the 20th century, which makes the world completely different.
Tell the stories of the scientists with the words given.
telescope, galaxy, world-famous, mist, universe
Penicillin, bacteria, notice, kill, save, modest
Accuracy of missiles, first computer,measure,energy
Oven meal radar chocolate
E=mc2 ,premier,theory of relativity, inspire, rock baby, mass, outspoken, unbelievable
E=mc2 ,theory of relativity telescope, galaxy, Penicillin, bacteria, machine, missile, energy, microwave
Optional Task
Inspire, explore, discover, notice, realize, destroy, save, cure, measure, dedicate, affect, breakthroughworld-famous, outspoken, unbelievable, far-reaching, mass-produced, first, huge, grateful
Writing Task: Your Favorite Scientist
What is the most important or interesting fact about the scientist?
Why do you like him or her?
What are his or her achievements?
• To stimulate to action; motivate• To affect, guide, or arouse by divine influence.• Inspire sb to do sth• __________________________ by her example.• 她的榜样激励他更加努力地工作 .• Inspire sth in sb 激起某人某种感情• Inspire sth with sth• His speech ______________________________.• 他的演讲燃起了他们的希望 .
Inspire V.
He was inspired to work harder
inspired them with hope./inspired hope in them.
• constant adj. 1. staying the same for a period of time
• A thermostat keeps the temperature constant. ( 保持恒定的 )
• 2. happening all the time or regularly• Sam was in constant pain. ( 持续不断的 )
• constantly adv. constancy n. 坚定不移 , 持久性
• amazing adj. so surprising that it is hard to believe
• amaze v. amazement n.与 amazing 类似的形容词常见的有 : exciting, interesting, disappointing, puzzling, surprising, astonishing, shocking, moving, encouraging, boring, delighting, inspiring, pleasing, tiring, worrying 等 , 表示”令人…的” .
• 1. To try to get help, advice, or sympathy from sb. by doing sth.
• Nobody seems to understand; I don’t know who to turn to.
• 向某人求助• 2. to look at a particular page in a book.• E.g. Turn to page 101 for more information.• turn down\up turn off\on• turn into• turn in• turn back• turn out• turn on • turn over• turn against
turn to sb
be doing sth. when…..
be about to do sth. when…
be on the point of doing sth. when…
Key sentences
1.This outspoken young man was rocking his one-
year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.
1.This outspoken young man was rocking his one-
year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.
“ 正要 / 正在……突然”的表达 :
我们正要放弃时 , 校长来鼓励我们了 .
We were on the point of giving up when the headmaster came to encourage us.
2.E=mc2 showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy.
他的世界著名的方程式显示出质量很小的物质怎样能产生出令人难以置信的巨大能量 .
mass: (1);quantity of matter without a regular
shape
(2); a large number of
(3); tech (in science) the amount of
matter in a body.
We started flying around the world and meanwhile,scienists figured out how to split the atom, previously
thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the world.
Useful expressions:
用自己的智慧和汗水为自己的成功插上飞翔的翅膀