Lesson 2 - Excel Functions

8/6/2019 Lesson 2 - Excel Functions

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CSc 2 Introduction to ComputersII

Lesson 2 - Excel Functions


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Using functions

A function is a pre-defined formula that helps performcommon mathematical functions.

Excel literally has hundreds of different functions to assistwith your calculations.

Building formulas can be difficult and time-consuming. Excel'sfunctions can save you a lot of time and headaches.

You could use an Excel function called Average, for example,to quickly find the average of range of numbers.

Or you could use the Sum function to find the sum of a cell

range.

Excel XP contains many different functions.


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Examples of creating a function

An example of a function with one argument

that adds a range of cells, B3 through B10:


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Basic Functions

SUM - summation adds a range of cells

together.

AVERAGE - average calculates the average of a

range of cells.

MAX - identifies the largest number in a range

of cells.

MIN - identifies the smallest number in a

range of cells.


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Basic FunctionsSUM AVERAGE

=SUM(A1:A10)

=SUM(A1:B10,C3)

=SUM(A1:B10,D1:E10)

=AVERAGE(A1:A10)

=AVERAGE(A1:B10,C3)

=AVERAGE(A1:B10,D1:E10)

MAX MIN

=MAX(A1:A10)

=MAX(A1:B10,C3)=MAX(A1:B10,D1:E10)

=MIN(A1:A10)

=MIN(A1:B10,C3)=MIN(A1:B10,D1:E10)


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TODAY() and NOW() Functions

The TODAY and NOW functions are calendar functions thatdisplay the current date and/or time.

=TODAY()

Displays current date: i.e. 4/12/10.Date displays in short date format.

=NOW()Displays current date and time:4/12/10 16:10.

Date displays in short date format and time displays in militarytime.


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COUNT and COUNTA Functions

The COUNT function is used to count the

number of cells in a range that contain

numbers or values.

The COUNTA function is used to display the

number of cells in a range that contain both

text AND values.


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COUNT and COUNTA Functions

=COUNT(A1:A10)Displays the number of cells that contain numbers (values).

=COUNTA(A1:B10,C3)

Displays the number of cells that contain text and values inrange A1:B10 and cell C3.

=COUNT(A1:B10,D1:E10)Displays the number of cells that contain numbers (values) in

ranges A1:B10 and D1:E10.


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COUNTIF Function The COUNTIF function is used to count the number of cells in

a range that meet specific criteria. This function contains twoarguments.

COUNTIF Function Syntax=COUNTIF(Range,"Criteria")

The Range argument is the range address that will be thesubject of the count.

The Criteria argument is the specification that must be metfor the cell to be counted. The criteria argument issurrounded by quotation marks.


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COUNTIF Function

=COUNTIF(A1:A10,mango")

Displays the number of cells in the range

indicated that contain the label mango.

=COUNTIF(B1:B10,">=3")

Displays the number of cells in the range

indicated that contain values greater than orequal to 3.


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COUNTBLANK Function

The COUNTBLANK function is used to count thenumber of empty cells in a range.

=COUNTBLANK(A1:A10)

Displays the number of empty cells in range A1:A10.

=COUNTBLANK(B1:B10,D1:D10)Displays the number of empty cells in ranges B1:B10

and D1:D10.


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IF Function

The IF function is a logical function that tests a

condition and then returns a result based on

that condition.

If the condition is TRUE, a user specified value

displays.

If the condition is FALSE, a different specified

value displays.


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IF Function IF Function Syntax

IF(logical test,value if TRUE,value if FALSE)

=IF(A1>=75,"Pass","Fail")If a student's exam grade in cell A1 is greater than or equal to 70, the word Passwill display, otherwise, Fail will display. When text is the True and Falsearguments, they must be enclosed in quotation marks.

=IF(A1>50000,500,0)If the Sales amount in cell A1 exceeds $50,000, then display a bonus of $500,otherwise, show 0 for a bonus.

=IF(A1


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Nested IF

Nested IF functions are a simple way to do a

complex conditional formula.

Nested IF functions allow you to use up to

seven IF functions to impose conditions.

Limited to 7 conditions only.


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Sample Situation

To illustrate, let's say you have a spreadsheet thatyou use to keep track of your sales force.

The rate of commission each sales person receives isbased on the amount of sales they have generatedfor that month.

For example: From $1 to $10 earns 10% commission rate

From $11 to $100 earns 15% commission rate

Anything over $100 earns 20% commission rate


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Sample Situation

Assuming the amount of sales is in column B,

starting at row 4, and that the column

containing the commission is formatted forpercentages, this is what the nested IF

function would look like:

=IF(B4


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Sample Situation

Take note that the

commission rate is

formatted into

Percentage.


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Sample Situation

This nested IF function says that if the cell B4

is less than or equal to 10, then put .10 in this

cell (the commission), if the cell B4 is greaterthan 10, but less than or equal to 100, then

put .15 in this cell.

If the number in cell B4 is greater than 100,then put .20 in this cell.


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ROUND Function

In Excel, the ROUNDfunction returns anumber rounded to a specified number

of digits.

The syntax for the ROUNDfunction is:ROUND( number, digits )

Example using the image at the right:

=ROUND(A1, 0) would return 663

=ROUND(A1, 1) would return 662.8


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ISBLANK, ISERROR Functions

The ISBLANK function can be used to check

for blank or null values.

The syntax for the ISBLANK function is:

ISBLANK ( value )

In Excel, the ISERROR function can be used to

check for error values.

The syntax for the ISERROR function is:

ISERROR ( value )


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ISBLANK, ISERROR Functions

=ISBLANK(A1) would return FALSE

=ISBLANK(A2) would return TRUE

=ISBLANK("Tech on the Net") would returnFALSE

=ISERROR(A1) would return TRUE



=ISERROR(A4) would return FALSE

=ISERROR("Tech on the Net") would returnFALSE

=ISERROR(3/0) would return TRUE


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The Function Wizard

The purpose of the function wizard is to provide you

with all of the possible Excel functions, and make

them easy to implement.

The function wizard is useful when you can notremember which function to use, or when you have

no idea which functions even exist.

Excel has 348 functions and are grouped by category

in the Function Wizard.


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Sample Situation

You are working on a spreadsheet, and need to

know the monthly payment of a loan.


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The Function Wizard

Click on the fx button to launch the Function

Wizard.


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The Function Wizard

You understand that the

function you are looking for is

a Financial function, so you

click on the Financial function

category.

You then scroll down the list of

available functions. You run

across a function called PMT,

and you read the description.It sounds like the one you are

looking for, so you click OK.


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The Function Wizard

The next window you see allows you to either manually key in all of thefunctions argument values, or simply tell Excel which cells contain theargument values.

So, we go field by field in the dialog box, and click on the corresponding

cell in the workbook that contains the argument value.


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The Function Wizard

After putting all the necessary values in the argumentlist, Excel will then generate the computed result.

Lesson 2 - Excel Functions

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