Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab

• energy• potential energy• chemical energy• nuclear energy• kinetic energy• electric energy

Forms of Energy

• mechanical energy

• thermal energy• wave• sound energy• radiant energy

Lesson 1-1• Forms of Energy• A. Energy• 1. Energy influences everything in your

life.• 2. Energy is the ability to cause change.

Energy

Lesson 1-2• B. Potential Energy• 1. Potential energy is stored energy due

to the interaction between objectsand particles.

• 2. Objects with potential energy have the possibility to cause change.

• .

Potential Energy

Lesson 1-2• 3. Any object has gravitational potential energy if it has mass and height aboveEarth’s surface.

Lesson 1-2• 4. Chemical energy is energy that is

stored in and released in thebonds between atoms.

• Your body breaks chemical bonds in foods and coverts the released energy into other forms of energy that your body can use.

Potential Energy (cont.)

Lesson 1-2• 5. Nuclear energy is the energy stored in

and released from the nucleus of an atom.• a. The energy released from the Sun

comes from nuclear fusion.

Potential Energy (cont.)

• b. During nuclear fusion, nuclei of atoms join together and release large amounts of energy.

• c. During nuclear fission, the nucleus of an atom breaks apart, and energy is released.

• d. Energy used in nuclear power plants to make electricity comes from nuclear fission.

Lesson 1-3• 1. Kinetic Energy is energy due to motion.• 2. The kinetic energy of a moving object is

related to the mass and the speed of the object.• a. An object must have mass and speed to have

kinetic energy.• b. If two objects have the same mass, the object

that moves with greater speed has greater kinetic energy.

Kinetic Energy

• 3. Electric energy is the energy in an electric current.

Lesson 1-3Kinetic Energy (cont.)

How do potential energy and kinetic energy differ?

Lesson 1-4

• D. Combined Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy• 1. A(n) system is a collection of interacting objects,

parts, orideas that act together as a(n) whole.

• 2. In science, the environment is anything that is not part of the system.

• 3. The sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy in a systemis mechanical energy.

Combined Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy

Lesson 1-4

• 4. Thermal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object.

Combined Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy (cont.)

Lesson 1-4Combined Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy (cont.)

Compare mechanical energy and thermal energy.

Lesson 1-4• E. Energy Carried by Waves• 1. A(n) wave is a disturbance that

transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter.

• 2. Sound energy is energy carried by sound waves, which are waves thatmove through matter.

Energy Carried by Waves

Lesson 1-4• 3. Electromagnetic waves are electric and magnetic waves thatmove perpendicularly to one another.

• a. The energy carried by electromagnetic waves is radiant energy.

• b. Electromagnetic waves travel through matter and alsothrough spaces with little or no matter.

• c. Forms of electromagnetic waves include visible light, ultraviolet waves, X-rays,gamma rays, and infrared rays.

Lesson 1-4Visible light is one form of radiant energy.

Lesson 1-4Energy Carried by Waves (cont.)

What two forms of energy are carried by waves?

Lesson 1 - VS• Objects can have potential energy (stored

energy) and kinetic energy (energy due to movement).

• Mechanical energy is due to large-scale motions and interactions in a system. Thermal energy is due to atomic-scale motions and interactions in particles.

Lesson 1 - VS• Two kinds of energy carried by waves are

sound energy and radiant energy.

Lesson 1 – LR1

A. chemical energyB. kinetic energyC. mechanical energyD. nuclear energy

Which term describes energy stored in and released from the bonds between atoms?

Lesson 1 – LR2

A. wave B. wavelengthC. potential energy D. thermal energy

Which refers to a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter?

Lesson 1 – LR3

A. chemical energy B. nuclear energyC. potential energyD. radiant energy

What type of energy provides the warmth from the Sun?