Lesson 1 Plan and Prepare for Installation

8/11/2019 Lesson 1 Plan and Prepare for Installation

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LESSON 1: PLAN AND

PREPARE FOR

INSTALLATION


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Occupational safety and

health (OSH) is a planned system of working to

prevent illness and injury where you

work by recognizing and identifying

hazards and risks.


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Procedure

Identify the hazard

Clear the area close to the hazard

Partition the hazard off or clearly

identify the area to protect other

people from harm

If the hazard is easily and safely

cleared, then do so


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If not

Report the hazard to the appropriateperson (such as teacher in charge,

principal etc.) to obtain assistance

Following clearing of the hazard fill outthe correct documentation to assist in

identifying improved practice to reduce

further incidence of hazards.


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All hazards must be reported usingAcc idental Repo rt form.This

enables us to track the kinds of

hazards we have in our workplace,and take action where necessary to

make it safer for all student and

clients.


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ACCIDENT REPORT FORM

SAMPLE


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Hazardous substances

If the workplace hazard appears to bedangerous to staff and clients andprofessional assistance is required: A. Call the supervisor or manager and

advise them of the problem and the urgencyof the matter.

B. Depending on the risk it may be called asan evacuation.

C. Follow the evacuation procedure.

D. The supervisor or manager will call in thefire brigade or specialized personnel who willdeal with the spill.


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Fire exits

All fire exits should be kept clear offrom obstacles. All students have aresponsibility to make sure that chairs,

empty boxes or any other type ofobstacle are not placed in or near fireexit doorways.

All corridors also need to have

equipment stored on one side only toensure that in the event of anemergency there is a clear exit.


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If you find the fire

Assess the danger prior to doing anything.

If it is safe to move assist anyone in the vicinity of

the fire away from danger.

If it is possible close the door to the fire area.

Call for assistance. Verbally call FIRE, FIRE, in a

loud and clear voice.

Break the glass section of the fire alert call point.

Ensure you know where the fire is, any other

details that may be of assistance to the fire

brigade. Details could be size of the fire, cause or

type of fire, any people hurt or trapped, has anyone

tried to put it out.

If safe to do so, attack the fire with the correct


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If the designated fire officer is notpresent, someone quickly needs to

take responsibility and:

Locate the source of the fire. Remove all people from the building.

Once outside do a head count

Notify the authorities.


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Personal Safety While Working

with PCs Wear shoes with non-conductive rubber

soles to help reduce the chance of beingshocked or seriously injured in anelectrical accident.

Do not work on components that areplugged into their power source. Do not remove expansion cards from a

computer when it is turned on.

Remove jewelries when working insideany computer related equipment.

Be sure not to mix electroniccomponents and water.


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UNDERSTANDING

COMPUTER


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A computer is one of the most brilliantinventions of mankind.

Due to computers, we have been able

to speed up daily work, carry outcritical transactions and achieve

accuracy and precision in work.


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3Types of Computers

Analog Computers

These are almostextinct today. Theseare different from a

digital computerbecause an analogcomputer can performseveral mathematicaloperations

simultaneously. It usescontinuous variablesfor mathematicaloperations and utilizesmechanical or

electrical energy.


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Digital Computers: They use digital

circuits and aredesigned to operateon two states, namely

bits 0 and 1. They areanalogous to statesON and OFF. Data onthese computers isrepresented as a

series of 0s and 1s.Digital computers aresuitable for complexcomputation and havehigher processingspeeds. They are

programmable.


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Hybrid Computers:

These computers

are a combination of

both digital and

analog computers. In

this type of

computers, the

digital segments

perform process

control by

conversion of analog

signals to digital

ones.


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CLASSIFICATION OFCOMPUTERS


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MainframeComputers:

Large organizationsuse mainframes forhighly critical

applications such asbulk data processingand ERP. Most of themainframe computershave the capacities to

host multiple operatingsystems and operateas a number of virtualmachines and cansubstitute for severalsmall servers.


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used primarily by corporate andgovernmental organizations for critical

applications, bulk data processing

such as census, industry andconsumer statistics, enterprise

resource planningand transaction

processing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census


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Minicomputers: In terms of size and

processing capacity,minicomputers lie inbetween mainframes

and microcomputers.Minicomputers arealso called mid-rangesystems orworkstations. The term

began to be popularlyused in the 1960s torefer to relativelysmaller thirdgeneration computers.


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Servers

They are

computers

designed toprovide services to

client machines in

a computer

network. They havelarger storage

capacities and

powerful

processors.


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Supercomputers:

The highly calculation-

intensive tasks can be

effectively performed by

means of supercomputers.Quantum physics,

mechanics, weather

forecasting, molecular

theory are best studied by

means of supercomputers.Their ability of parallel

processing and their well-

designed memory hierarchy

give the supercomputers,

large transaction processing


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Microcomputers:

A computer with a

microprocessor and its central

processing unit it is known as a

microcomputer. They do not

occupy space as much as

mainframes do. When

supplemented with a keyboard

and a mouse, microcomputers

can be called personal

computers. A monitor, a

keyboard and other similar

input output devices, computer

memory in the form of RAM

and a power supply unit come

packaged in a microcomputer.


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DIFFERENT FORMS OFCOMPUTERS


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Desktops: Adesktop is intendedto be used on asingle location. Thespare parts of a

desktop computerare readily availableat relatively lowercosts. Powerconsumption is not

as critical as that inlaptops. Desktopsare widely popularfor daily use in theworkplace and

households.


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Laptops:Similar inoperation todesktops, laptopcomputers are

miniaturized andoptimized formobile use.Laptops run on a

single battery or anexternal adapterthat charges thecomputer batteries.


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Netbooks:They fallin the category oflaptops, but areinexpensive and

relatively smaller insize. They had asmaller feature setand lesser capacitiesin comparison to

regular laptops, atthe time they cameinto the market.


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Personal DigitalAssistants(PDAs): Itis a handheldcomputer andpopularly known as a

palmtop. It has a touchscreen and a memorycard for storage ofdata. PDAs can alsobe used as portableaudio players, web

browsers and smartphones. Most of themcan access theInternet by means ofBluetooth or Wi-Fi

communication.


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Tablet Computers:Tablets are mobilecomputers that arevery handy to use.

They use the touchscreen technology.Tablets come with anonscreen keyboardor use a stylus or a

digital pen. Apple'siPod redefined theclass of tabletcomputers.


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WearableComputers:Arecord-setting step inthe evolution ofcomputers was the

creation of wearablecomputers. Thesecomputers can beworn on the bodyand are often used

in the study ofbehavior modelingand human health.


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QUIZ

Direction: Identify the type of computer being described


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Direction: Identify the type of computer being described

in the following sentences and write your answer on a

separate sheet of paper

These are mobile computers that are very handy to use.

They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in

a computer network.

They are also called mid-range systems or workstations.

A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing unit.

They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relativelysmaller in size.

A type of computer which is intended be used on a single location.

They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states,

namely bits 0 and 1.

Computers that have the capacities to host multiple operating systems

and operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for

several small servers.

It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a palmtop.

These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in thestudy of behavior modeling and human health.


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COMPUTER SYSTEM,DEVICES ANDPERIPHERALS


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What is an Operat ing

System? The operating system is the mostimportant program that runs on a computer.

Every general-purpose computer must havean operating system to run other programs.Operating systems perform basic tasks, such

as recognizing input from the keyboard,sending output to the display screen, keepingtrack of files and directories on the disk, andcontrolling peripheral devices such as diskdrives and printers.

The operating system is also responsiblefor security, ensuring that unauthorized usersdo not access the system.


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Operating systems can be

classified as follows:

Multi-user:Allows two or more users to runprograms at the same time. Some

operating systems permit hundreds or even

thousands of concurrent users.

Linux

Unix

Windows 2000


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Multiprocessing:Supports running aprogram on more than one CPU.

LinuxUnix

Windows 2000


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Multitasking:Allows more than oneprogram to run concurrently.

Unix

Windows 2000 Windows multi point


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Multithreading:Allows different parts of asingle program to run concurrently.

LinuxUnix

Windows 2000 and Windows 7


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Real time: Responds to input instantly.General-purpose operating systems, such

as DOS and UNIX, are not real-time.


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What are the devices o f a

computer? The physical, touchable, electronic

and mechanical parts of a computer

are called the hardware which is

composed of different devicesattached to the computer


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System Unit

The main part of a microcomputer,sometimes called the chassis. It

includes the following parts:

Motherboard, Microprocessor,Memory Chips, Buses, Ports,

Expansion Slots and Cards.


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Motherboard / Mainboard /

System Board The main circuit board of a computer.

It contains all the circuits and

components that run the computer.


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CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The processor is the main brain orheart of a computer system. It

performs all of the instructions and

calculations that are needed andmanages the flow of information

through a computer.


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Primary storage

(internal storage, main memory ormemory) is the computer's working

storage space that holds data,

instructions for processing andprocessed data (information) waiting

to be sent to secondary storage.

Physically, primary storage is a

collection of RAM chips.


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Two (2) Types of Memory

ROM(Read Only Memory) ROM isnon-volatile, meaning it holds data

even when the power is ON or OFF.

RAM(Random Access Memory)RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data

only when the power is on. When the

power is off, RAM's contents are lost.


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Expansion Bus

A bus is a data pathway between severalhardware components inside or outside a

computer. It does not only connect the parts

of the CPU to each other, but also links the

CPU with other important hardware.


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Adapters

Printed-circuit boards (also called interfacecards) that enable the computer to use a

peripheral device for which it does not have

the necessary connections or circuit

boards. They are often used to permitupgrading to a new different hardware.


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Power Supply Unit (PSU)

Installed in the back corner of the PCcase, next to the motherboard. It

converts 120vac (standard house

power) into DC voltages that are usedby other components in the PC.


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Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Also known as hard drive, is a magneticstorage device that is installed inside the

computer. The hard drive is used as

permanent storage for data. In a Windows

computer, the hard drive is usuallyconfigured as the C: drive and contains the

operating system and applications.


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Optical Drive

An optical drive is a storage device thatuses lasers to read data on the optical

media. There are three types of optical

drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile

Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).


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Digital Versatile Disc

Designed to optically access datastored on a DVD. A laser moves back

and forth near the disk surface and

accesses data at a very fast rate.


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WHAT ARE THE INPUTAND OUTPUT DEVICESOF A COMPUTER?


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The devices attached to a personalcomputer can be classified into two-the input and output devices. InputDevice is composed of a device thataccepts data and instructions from theuser or from another computersystem. While, output device is any

piece of computer hardware thatdisplays results after the computer hasprocessed the input data that hasbeen entered.


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TWO (2) TYPES OFINPUT DEVICES


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Keyboard Entry

Data is inputted to the computerthrough a keyboard.

Keyboard - The first input device

developed for the PC. Data istransferred to the PC over a short

cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din

connector that plugs into the back ofthe motherboard.


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Direct Entry

A form of input that does not requiredata to be keyed by someone sitting at

a keyboard. Direct-entry devices

create machine-readable data onpaper, or magnetic media, or feed it

directly into the computersCPU.

Three Categories of Direct


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Three Categories of Direct

Entry Devices 1. Pointing Devices -An input device used to move

the pointer (cursor) on screen.

Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used

in PCs. Every mouse has two buttons and most

have one or two scroll wheels.

Touch screen-A display screen that is sensitive to

the touch of a finger or stylus. Used in myriad

applications, including ATM machines, retail point-

of-sale terminals, car navigation and industrial

controls. The touch screen became wildly popularfor smart phones and tablets.

Light Pen -A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video

terminal used to draw pictures or select menu

options. The user brings the pen to the desired


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Digitizer Tablet -A graphics drawingtablet used for sketching new images or

tracing old ones. Also called a "graphics

tablet," the user contacts the surface of

the device with a wired or wireless pen orpuck. Often mistakenly called a mouse,

the puck is officially the "tablet cursor."


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2. Scanning Devices-A devicethatcan read text or illustrations printed on

paper and translates the information

into a form the computer can use.


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3. Voice- Input Devices - Audio inputdevices also known as speech or voice

recognition systems that allow a user to

send audio signals to a computer for

processing, recording, or carrying outcommands. Audio input devices such as

microphones allow users to speak to the

computer in order to record a voice

message or navigate software.


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Outpu t Devices

1. Computer Display Monitor- Itdisplays information in visual form,

using text and graphics. The portion of

the monitor that displays theinformation is called the screen or

video display terminal.


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Types of Monitor

CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT)were the only type of displays for use withdesktop PCs. They are relatively big (14" to16" deep) and heavy (over 15 lbs).

LCD Monitors Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

technology has been used in laptops forsome time. It has recently been madecommercially available as monitors fordesktop PCs.

LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - Adisplay and lighting technology used inalmost every electrical and electronic producton the market, from a tiny on/off light to digitalreadouts, flashlights, traffic lights and

perimeter lighting.


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2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets ofpolarizing material with a liquid crystal

solution between them. An electric current

passed through the liquid causes the

crystals to align so that light cannot passthrough them. Each crystal, therefore, is like

a shutter, either allowing light to pass

through or blocking the light.


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3.Smart Board - A type of displayscreen that has a touch sensitive

transparent panel covering the screen,

which is similar to a touch screen.


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4. Printer- A device that prints text orillustrations on paper.


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Types of printer

Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - spays ink at a sheet ofpaper. Ink-jet printers produce high-quality text and

graphics.

Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy

machines. Laser printers produce very high quality text

and graphics.

LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but

uses liquid crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a

laser to produce an image on the drum.

Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins

that print an entire line at one time. Line printers are very

fast, but produce low-quality print.

Thermal Printer-An inexpensive printer that works by

pushing heated pins against heat-sensitive paper.


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5. Speakers - Used to play sound.They may be built into the system unit

or connected with cables. Speakers

allow you to listen to music and hearsound effects from your computer.


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What is a Sto rage Dev ice?

Aside from the devices attached on aPC, there are also the so called

storage devices that perform a special

task in computing system. Storagedevice is any apparatus for recording

computer data in a permanent or

semi-permanent form.


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Types of storage devices Floppy diskette- is a random access, removable data storage medium

that can be used with personal computers. The term usually refers tothe magnetic medium housed in a rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5inches square and about 2millimeters thick. Also called a "3.5-inchdiskette," it can store up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.

Compact disc (CD) also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic,polished metal disk used to store digital information. The disc is read bythe CD- ROM.

Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)- an optical disc technology with a 4.7gigabyte storage capacity on a single-sided, one-layered disk, which isenough for a 133-minute movie.

Jump drive and USB flash drive- is a plug-and-play portable storagedevice that uses flash memory and is lightweight enough to attach to akey chain. A USB drive can be used in place of a floppy disk, Zip

drive disk, or CD. Hard drive- is the main, and usually largest, data storage device in a

computer. The operating system, software titles and most other files arestored in the hard disk drive.

LS-120- is a drive which supports a special floppy diskette which canstore up to 120MB of information as well as being backwardscompatible and still supporting the standard 1.44MB floppy diskettes.

Zip drive-is a small, portable disk drive used primarily for backing up


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NETWORK


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A network consists of two or morecomputers that are linked in order to

share resources (such as printers and

CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allowelectronic communications.

The computers on a network may be

linked through cables, telephone lines,radio waves, satellites, or infrared light

beams.

There are three basic types of


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networks which includes the

following: Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN)


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Local Area Network

A Local Area Network (LAN) is anetwork that is confined to a relatively

small area. It is generally limited to a

geographic area such as a writing lab,school, or building.


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In a typical LAN configuration, onecomputer is designated as the fileserver. It stores all of the software thatcontrols the network, as well as the

software that can be shared by thecomputers attached to the network.Computers connected to the file

server are called workstations. Theworkstations can be less powerfulthan the file server, and they mayhave additional software on their hard

drives.

Wid A N k


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Wide Area Network

Wide Area Networks (WANs) connectlarger geographic areas, such as

Florida, the United States, or the

world.


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Networking Devices

Consist of, but are not limited to non-local printers, workstations, servers,

webcams, data loggers, instruments,

dial-in devices, and, in generalanything that requires an Ethernet

connection. These devices are

supported on a best-effort basis

limited by the staffing and equipment

level available.

H b


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Hub

is a small, simple,

inexpensive device

that joins multiple

computers together.

Many network hubsavailable today

support the Ethernet

standard. Other

typesincluding USB hubs

also exist, but

Ethernet is the type

traditionall used in

Eth t it h


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Ethernet switch

is a device thatgathers the

signals from

devices that areconnected to it,

and then

regenerates a

new copy of

each signal.

B id


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Bridge

is a device filtersdata traffic at a

network

boundary.Bridges reduce

the amount of

traffic on a LAN

by dividing it into

two segments.

R t


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Routers

are smallphysical devices

that join multiple

networkstogether.

M d


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Modem

is a contraction ofthe terms modulatorand demodulator.Modems perform asimple function:

They translate digitalsignals from acomputer into analogsignals that cantravel across

conventional phonelines. The modemmodulates the signalat the sending endand demodulates at

the receiving end

N t k i t f


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Network interface

is a device thatconnects a client

computer, server,

printer or other

component to yournetwork.

N t k fi ll


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Network firewall

protects a computernetwork fromunauthorized access.Network firewalls maybe hardware devices,

software programs, ora combination of thetwo. Network firewallsguard an internalcomputer network

(home, school,business intranet)against maliciousaccess from theoutside.

QUIZ # 4:


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QUIZ # 4:

DIRECTION: IDENTIFY

WHAT IS BEING

DESCRIBED IN THEFOLLOWING SENTENCES

AND WRITE YOUR ANSWER

ON A SEPARATE SHEET OFPAPER.

1. It protects a computer network fromunauthorized access.


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unauthorized access.

2. Type of network that connect largergeographic areas, such as Florida, theUnited States, or the world.

3. This is an internetworking systemcapable of joining together two networks

that use different base protocols. 4. It is consists of two or more computers

that are linked in order to shareresources (such as printers and CD-

ROMs), exchange files, or allowelectronic communications.

5. They translate digital signals from acomputer into analog signals that cantravel across conventional hone lines.

6. It is a device that connects a clientcomputer server printer or other


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computer, server, printer or other

component to your network.

7. A device filters data traffic at anetwork boundary.

8. It is a device that gathers the

signals from devices that areconnected to it, and then regenerates

a new copy of each signal.

9. It is a small, simple, inexpensivedevice that joins multiple computers

together.

10. Type of network that is confined to


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MATERIALS, TOOLS,

EQUIPMENT AND TESTINGDEVICES


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Server is a partof a network. It is a

special computer

that users on the

network canaccess to carry out

a particular job.


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Modem -(Modulator-

Demodulator) The

modem is a device

that allows a givencomputer to share

data or otherwise a

device which let

computers

exchange

information


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Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)


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g ( )

Tool

Anti-static mat used to stand on or

place hardware on

to prevent static

electricity frombuilding up.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Flat headscrewdriver - used

to loosen or tighten

slotted screws.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Philips headscrewdriver used

to loosen or tighten

crosshead screws.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Torx screwdriver -used to loosen or

tighten screws that

have a star-like

depression on thetop, a feature that

is mainly found on

laptop.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Hex driver sometimes called a

nut driver, is used

to tighten nuts in

the same way thata screwdriver

tightens screws.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Needle-nose pliers used to hold

small parts.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Wire cutter usedto strip and cut

wires.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Tweezers used tomanipulate small

parts.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Part retriever used to retrieve

parts from location

that are to small for

your hand to fit.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Flashlight used tolight up areas that

you cannot see

well.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Long nose Pliers is used for

holding, bending

and stretching the

lead of electronicscomponent or

connecting wire.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Soldering Ironisused to join two or

more metal

conductors with the

support ofsoldering lead

melted around it.

HAND TOOL


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HAND TOOL

Desoldering Tool is used to

unsolder unwanted

parts or component

in the circuit withthe support of

soldering pencil

CLEANING TOOL


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CLEANING TOOL

Lint-free cloth used to clean

different computer

components

without scratchingor leaving debris.

CLEANING TOOL


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CLEANING TOOL

Compressed air used to blow away

dust and debris

from different

computer partswithout touching

the components.

CLEANING TOOL


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CLEANING TOOL

Cable ties usedto bundle cables

neatly inside and

outside of a

computer.

CLEANING TOOL


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CLEANING TOOL

Parts organizer used to hold screw,

jumpers, fasteners

and other small

parts and preventsthem from getting

mixed together.

DIAGNOSTIC TOOL


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DIAGNOSTIC TOOL

Multimeter usedto test the integrity

of circuits and the

quality of electricity

in computercomponents.

DIAGNOSTIC TOOL


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DIAGNOSTIC TOOL

LAN Tester- forRJ11,12,45& BNC

w/ Remote Unit.

This ergonomic

tester is designedto test most

network cable

wiring. You can

either conduct an

auto or manual

test.

DIAGNOSTIC TOOL


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DIAGNOSTIC TOOL

UTP UnshieldedTwisted Pair, is a

popular type of

cable used in

computernetworking that

consists of two

shielded wires

twisted around

each

Lesson 1 Plan and Prepare for Installation

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Transcript of Lesson 1 Plan and Prepare for Installation