Department of Pedodontics &Preventive Dentistry

Dr Sachin RathodEmail:- drsachin.rathod@yahoo.com

LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN

LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN

LESIONS OF ORAL SOFT TISSUESDEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS OF ORAL MUCOSAINFECTIONS OF ORAL MUCOSAHEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERSNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIESNEOPLASMSMISCELLANEOUS

DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

These disorders can be due to genetic abnormalities or mutation of the single or multiple genes and some with environmental influence.

DEVELOPMENTAL ANAMOLIES OF LIP

OROFACIAL CLEFTSCOMMISSURAL LIP PITSPARAMEDIAN LIP PITSDOUBLE LIPORAL MELANOTIC MACULES

TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF LIP

MUCOCELE are the most common soft tissue swelling or cyst of the minor salivary glands filled with mucous. when such collection of mucous occurs in the floor of the mouth it referred as ranula. mucocele

Extravasation type Retention type

CLINICAL FEATURES

Extra vasation type is seen as a dome-shaped, painless swelling measuring few mm to few cm in size, may appear translucent like a vesicle.The cause for this being trauma and lower lip is favourable site.In children it is usually associated with lip biting.

• mucocele

TREATMENT

Surgical excision.Some lesions may resolve on their own.

Developmental disorder of buccal mucosa

Focal epithelial hyperplasiaFordyce’s granulesWhite spongy nevus

• Fordyce’s granules

Developmental anomalies of tongue

Aglossia MicroglossiaMacroglossiaAnkyloglossiaFissured tongueGeographic tongueCleft tongueLingual thyroidHairy tongue

ANKYLOGLOSSSIA

Ankyloglossia is characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenum,resulting in complete or partial attachment of tongue to the floor of mouth.it may lead to decreased mobility of the tongue.

• Ankyloglossia

TREATMENT

FRENECTOMY.

CLINICAL FEATURES

Partial Ankyloglossia or tongue tie is more common.This defect may lead in disorders of speech,deformities in dental occlusion, difficulty in feeding and deglutition.

GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE

Also known as migratory glossitis.It is an idiopathic condition.Seen in children characterized by multifocal,patchy,sharply demarcated, irregular areas of surface erosions on dorsal surface of tongue.The periphery of these lesions shows whitish serpiginous or snaky white lines.

• GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE

The prevalence of this disease is about 1 -3% of the population.These lesions are usually asymptomatic but some may complain of burning sensation or sensitivity to hot and spicy food.

MICROSCOPIC FEATURES

The hyperplastic epithelium shows focal collection of neutrophils designated as munro’s abscess within the epithelium.

TREATMENT

Topical or systemic cortisone.

LINGUAL THYROID

This occur due to failure in descent of the thyroid tissue to its final normal position during embryogenesis.During the development by about 3-4 week of fetal life the epithelial proliferation occurs from embryonic pharynx.

• LINGUAL THYROID

The initial site of descent eventually becomes the foramen cecum located in midline at junction of anterior 2/3rd and posterior1/3rd of tongue.

Developmental disorders of gingiva

Fibromatosis gingivae Retrocuspid papillaGingival cyst of new bornCyst of dental lamillaEpstein pearlsBohn’s nodules

Developmental disorders of floor of the mouth

Sublingual dermoid or dermoid cystOral lympho-epithelial cyst

Traumatic lesion in the floor of the mouth

• Ranula

Herpes simplex virusIt is a DNA virus.Types of herpes virus

1. HSV -12. HSV -2

Primary infection usually Occur in child under 5 years of age.HSV-1 causing infection in upper part of body.HSV- 2 causing infection in lower part of body

Infection of the oral mucosa

• It may be caused by viruses ,bacteria and fungi.

Viral infectionsHerpes simplex virus infection.

• A prodrome consisting of focal itching, burning or tingling sensation on the lips may precede herpes labialis.

• Oral sign & symptoms :-a) The condition appears as diffuse erythematous shiny

involvement of gingiva & adjacent oral mucosa with varying degrees of edema and gingival bleeding.

b) The ulcers may be observed on area of mucous membrane.

c) The diseases is accompanied by generalized soreness of the oral cavity which interfere with drinking and eating.

d) In Infants the diseases is marked by refusal to take food and irritability.

Treatment• Application of mild topical

anesthetic such as dyclonine hydrochloride.

• Lidocane • An Anti histaminic drug • Acyclovir 5 % ointment

Bacterial infection affecting the oral mucosa

SyphilisCongenital syphilisTuberculosisActinomycosisScarlet feverNoma or cancrum oris

RECCURENT HERPETIC INFECTION

• It may manifest in about one and three who had primary infection either clinical or subclinical infection.

Fungal infection of oral mucosa

• CandidiasisA. acute candidiasisB. chronic candidiasisC. mucocutaneous candidiasis

Microscopic features of candidiasis

Hematological disorders

HemoglobinopathiesNutritional deficiencyVitamin-a deficiencyVitamin-b1 deficiencyVitamin-b3 deficiencyVitamin-b2 deficiencyVitamin-b12 deficiencyVitamin-c deficiencyProtien deficiency

Miscellaneous lesions of oral mucosa

Riga- fede diseaseFrictional keratosisApthous ulcerTraumatic ulcers

Apthous ulcer

Neoplasm of oral mucosaBenign connective tissue neoplasm of the oral mucosaFibromaHemangiomaLymphangiomaMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancyCongenital epulis,congenital granular cell lesionNeurofibromaMucoepidermoid carcinomaRhabdomyosarcoma

• Rhabdomyosarcoma

• Lymphangioma

• Hemangioma

THANK

YOUDr Sachin RathodEmail:- drsachin.rathod@yahoo.com