Les Mehrhoff University of Connecticut AIBS Meeting Washington, DC
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Transcript of Les Mehrhoff University of Connecticut AIBS Meeting Washington, DC
IPANE - A regional approach to rapid assessment of new
incursions of potentially invasive plant species
Les Mehrhoff University of ConnecticutLes Mehrhoff University of Connecticut
AIBS Meeting Washington, DCAIBS Meeting Washington, DC
17 MARCH 2004 17 MARCH 2004
DedicationTo Field Botanists past and present -
The Front Line of Defense
Invasive Plant Atlas of New England
IPANE
IPANE Project Participants
Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of ConnecticutBiology, University of Connecticut
Homer Babbidge LibraryHomer Babbidge Library
Center for Cartographic AnalysisCenter for Cartographic Analysis New England Wild Flower SocietyNew England Wild Flower Society Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Silvio O. Conte National Fish and
Wildlife Refuge, US F&WSWildlife Refuge, US F&WS
Primary Start-up Funding:
United Stated Department of Agriculture –United Stated Department of Agriculture –Cooperative State Research, Education, and Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Extension Service
Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems Systems
Some Project Partners
FWSFWS USDAUSDA USGS-BRDUSGS-BRD NIISSNIISS NBIINBII NPSNPS FSFS FICMNEWFICMNEW
NEWFSNEWFS NIPGroNIPGro TNCTNC FNAFNA NATURESERVENATURESERVE NEBISNEBIS CIPWGCIPWG MNLAMNLA MASS DF&WMASS DF&W
IPANE Goals
New England Early Detection NetworkNew England Early Detection Network Gather current & historic distributional dataGather current & historic distributional data Make information availableMake information available Conduct & encourage scientific researchConduct & encourage scientific research Increase public awarenessIncrease public awareness Train volunteer spottersTrain volunteer spotters ““Interoperability”Interoperability”
IPANE Project Components
Atlas of invasive or potentially invasive Atlas of invasive or potentially invasive plants and noxious weeds in New Englandplants and noxious weeds in New England
Interactive websiteInteractive website Volunteer training - NEWFSVolunteer training - NEWFS Research – UCONNResearch – UCONN Outreach - NIPGroOutreach - NIPGro Regional Early Detection NetworkRegional Early Detection Network
User Community
AcademiaAcademia ConservationistsConservationists Land ManagersLand Managers Government AgenciesGovernment Agencies Regulators & LegislatorsRegulators & Legislators Green IndustriesGreen Industries PublicPublic
Data Warehouse
ININ Herbarium recordsHerbarium records Current field dataCurrent field data Current researchCurrent research Invasive species informationInvasive species informationOUTOUT Species CatalogSpecies Catalog Collections databasesCollections databases MapsMaps Invasive species informationInvasive species information
Participating Herbaria
NEBC, GH, ANEBC, GH, A MAINEMAINE NHANHA VTVT MASSMASS KIRIKIRI CONNCONN YUYU
HCOAHCOA NHNENHNE LSCLSC NASCNASC SSHNSSHN WSCHWSCH BRUBRU NCBSNCBS CCNLCCNL BLKBLK NYNY
othersothers
Volunteer Network
450 in 3 years – 25 per state per year450 in 3 years – 25 per state per year Volunteer coordinatorVolunteer coordinator Staff-run training sessionsStaff-run training sessions Advanced training workshopsAdvanced training workshops Terrestrial and Aquatic speciesTerrestrial and Aquatic species On-line reporting formsOn-line reporting forms Verification and Quality ControlVerification and Quality Control Early detection species trainingEarly detection species training
The Invasive Plant Atlas for New England Website http:// invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipanehttp:// invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipane Maps & databaseMaps & database Catalog of speciesCatalog of species Project informationProject information Announcement and unmoderated listsAnnouncement and unmoderated lists Noxious weed informationNoxious weed information Volunteer supportVolunteer support Quizzes and “Weed Wisdom!”Quizzes and “Weed Wisdom!”
Spontaneous & Unsolicited Reports ““Report sighting” button on websiteReport sighting” button on website Verification Verification
IPANE staffIPANE staff
Regional herbariaRegional herbaria
FNA authorsFNA authors Initiate Initiate Rapid AssessmentRapid Assessment process process
IPANE Catalog of Species
Scientific and common namesScientific and common names Diagnostic & incursion photographsDiagnostic & incursion photographs Descriptive textDescriptive text Historical informationHistorical information Similar speciesSimilar species Hard copy references and hot linksHard copy references and hot links Management linksManagement links
IPANE Databases
Herbarium specimen databaseHerbarium specimen database +/- 20 regional herbaria+/- 20 regional herbaria Capture all label dataCapture all label data Georeferenced: 35 K georeference pointsGeoreferenced: 35 K georeference points
Current field dataCurrent field data Field data from trained volunteersField data from trained volunteers Georeferenced from GPS or mapsGeoreferenced from GPS or maps Verified by IPANE staffVerified by IPANE staff
Other existing databases ??Other existing databases ??
IPANE Maps
OccurrencesOccurrences Herbarium records, current reports, or bothHerbarium records, current reports, or both State, county, town, & site occurrenceState, county, town, & site occurrence Different scales; different kinds of mapsDifferent scales; different kinds of maps ?? Automated?? Automated
IPANEThe Invasive Plant Atlas of
New England ProjectAn Early Detection
and Rapid Assessment Network
for New England
In theory, it’s simple
Detect new, potentially invasive incursions Detect new, potentially invasive incursions earlyearly
Assess the situation rapidlyAssess the situation rapidly Respond quickly and effectivelyRespond quickly and effectively Establish long-term monitoring Establish long-term monitoring
IPANE Early Detection Aids
List of “Early Detection Species”List of “Early Detection Species” Database of status in all 6 New England statesDatabase of status in all 6 New England states Easy online reporting mechanismEasy online reporting mechanism Early detection protocols Early detection protocols IPANE volunteer networkIPANE volunteer network Predictive modelingPredictive modeling Invasive Species AlertsInvasive Species Alerts Public awareness informationPublic awareness information
Rapid Assessment Scenario
Early detection of potential incursionEarly detection of potential incursion Confirmation of species identificationConfirmation of species identification Site visit; assessment of situationSite visit; assessment of situation Preparation of action planPreparation of action plan Management, control, or eradication?Management, control, or eradication? Monitor the siteMonitor the site
Rapid Assessment Tools
Guidelines for rapid assessment developed Guidelines for rapid assessment developed with USGSwith USGS
Botanists on call for verificationBotanists on call for verification Knowledgeable Knowledgeable Rapid Assessment TeamRapid Assessment Team Person responsible for preparing an Action Person responsible for preparing an Action
PlanPlan Management and control expertiseManagement and control expertise Committed long-term monitorsCommitted long-term monitors
G. Safford Torrey Herbarium
The importanceof herbarium specimens…
Identification & Verification
Identification tools – XID ProgramIdentification tools – XID Program IPANE staffIPANE staff Participating state & regional herbariaParticipating state & regional herbaria Flora of North America Project authorsFlora of North America Project authors
IPANE Website - Rapid Assessment Page List of “Early Detection Species”List of “Early Detection Species” Database of status in all 6 statesDatabase of status in all 6 states Early detection protocolsEarly detection protocols ““Report sightings” buttons - How to easily Report sightings” buttons - How to easily
report a possible new incursionreport a possible new incursion
Predictive Modeling
Using known distribution and existing Using known distribution and existing ecological data ecological data
Predict distribution or habitats in order to Predict distribution or habitats in order to focus further field workfocus further field work
Field checked by trained volunteersField checked by trained volunteers
Stinking Willie
Senecio jacobaea L.
A TEST CASE
Tansy Ragwort
Native to Europe
New England (ME, MA)New England (ME, MA) NY, NJ, PA, IL, MI, MT, IDNY, NJ, PA, IL, MI, MT, ID Canadian Maritime ProvincesCanadian Maritime Provinces Pacific States & adjacent CanadaPacific States & adjacent Canada Australia, New Zealand, JapanAustralia, New Zealand, Japan
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts 1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts 1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts 1968 Newbury, Massachusetts1968 Newbury, Massachusetts
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts 1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts 1968 Newbury, Massachusetts1968 Newbury, Massachusetts 2000 Bar Harbor, Maine2000 Bar Harbor, Maine
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts 1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts 1968 Newbury, Massachusetts1968 Newbury, Massachusetts 2000 Bar Harbor, Maine2000 Bar Harbor, Maine 2002 Barre, Massachusetts2002 Barre, Massachusetts
July, 2003
“Early” Detection; report
Specimen Collected
Verification
Rapid Assessment Team
LandownerLandowner BotanistBotanist Weed scientistWeed scientist Control expertControl expert State (or federal) regulatory officialState (or federal) regulatory official Other stakeholders - NRCSOther stakeholders - NRCS
Rapid Assessment Teamsite visit
Some questions for the Rapid Assessment Team Is the plant identified correctly?Is the plant identified correctly? What is its historic, current, and predicted What is its historic, current, and predicted
distribution at different scales?distribution at different scales? What are the biological attributes that make it What are the biological attributes that make it
invasive?invasive? History and vectors; where did it come from and History and vectors; where did it come from and
how did it get here?how did it get here? What is its expected potential for dispersion to What is its expected potential for dispersion to
other sites?other sites?
More Questions
What elements of biodiversity might be What elements of biodiversity might be affected by its spread and establishment?affected by its spread and establishment?
Can it be controlled effectively?Can it be controlled effectively? What will it cost to control?What will it cost to control? Who will be responsible for its control at Who will be responsible for its control at
this site? at new incursions?this site? at new incursions? Are there problems created by control?Are there problems created by control? What happens if we don’t take action now?What happens if we don’t take action now?
Assessment Recommendations
Site and incursion specificSite and incursion specific Attempt to determine the history of the incursionAttempt to determine the history of the incursion Check surrounding land for additional incursionsCheck surrounding land for additional incursions Check status of other New England occurrencesCheck status of other New England occurrences Control, aimed at removalControl, aimed at removal Neighboring landowner education; outreachNeighboring landowner education; outreach
Control Recommendations
MowingMowing Pre-determined time Pre-determined time Pay landowner for laborPay landowner for labor Avoids herbicidesAvoids herbicides Relatively inexpensiveRelatively inexpensive Likely to quickly lower numbersLikely to quickly lower numbers Prevents spread of wind-dispersed fruitsPrevents spread of wind-dispersed fruits
Recent Reports
1 misidentification – 1 misidentification – Sonchus arvernsisSonchus arvernsis 1 correct report – Boston Harbor Islands1 correct report – Boston Harbor Islands
Senecio jacobaea in New England
19031903 Portland, MainePortland, Maine 1910 Danvers, Massachusetts1910 Danvers, Massachusetts 1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts1938 Brookfield, Massachusetts 1968 Newbury, Massachusetts1968 Newbury, Massachusetts 2000 Bar Harbor, Maine2000 Bar Harbor, Maine 2002 Barre, Massachusetts2002 Barre, Massachusetts 2003 Boston, Massachusetts2003 Boston, Massachusetts
Still To Do…
Additional field work Additional field work Gather ecological dataGather ecological data Implement action planImplement action plan Predictive modelingPredictive modeling Continue to support landowner’s goalsContinue to support landowner’s goals Distribute more “Wanted” postersDistribute more “Wanted” posters Eradicate Stinking WillieEradicate Stinking Willie
In Conclusion
Early Detection and Rapid Assessment can be very Early Detection and Rapid Assessment can be very effective toolseffective tools
Lots of trained observers out in the field are neededLots of trained observers out in the field are needed Have an quick and easy reporting mechanism for Have an quick and easy reporting mechanism for
new or unknown plantsnew or unknown plants Rapid AssessmentRapid Assessment must involve a wide range of must involve a wide range of
knowledgeable people and local stakeholdersknowledgeable people and local stakeholders The public must be engaged in the processThe public must be engaged in the process Follow-up monitoring is mandatoryFollow-up monitoring is mandatory
Contact IPANE -
http://invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipane/http://invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipane/ E-mail: [email protected]: [email protected]