Lentz es nonohwheat12
1
Abstract ESN is a relatively new controlled-release N product for Ohio wheat production. It is a polymer coated urea that the nitrogen release is dependent upon temperature and moisture. The objective of this study was to evaluate ESN as a nitrogen source for wheat production in northwest Ohio. In Fall 2009, medium- maturity variety ‘Hopewell’ was established into soybean stubble on the OARDC Northwest Research Station near Custar, Ohio. Treatments included Urea, ESN, 75:25 urea:ESN blend, 50:50 urea:ESN blend, and a 25:75 urea:ESN blend. A nitrogen rate of 80 pounds per acre was applied at greenup for each treatment. Experimental design was a completely randomized block replicated four times. Analysis was a simple ANOVA. Grain yield, test weight, spike number, and N uptake were measured for each treatment. Significant differences were observed among treatments for yield. ESN yields were significantly less than urea and the 75:25 and 50:50 urea:ESN blends. The 75:25 urea:ESN and 50:50 urea:ESN blends were similar to urea. Yields of the 25:75 urea:ESN blend was similar to ESN. ESN alone would not be an adequate N source for wheat production in northwest Ohio. It may be a viable product when blended with urea as long as the blend contains more than 50% urea. Objective Evaluate ESN as a nitrogen source for Ohio wheat production Methods • Medium maturity variety – Hopewell • Nitrogen applied prior to planting – 25 lb/acre • Plot dimension – 10 x 70 ft • Seeded at 1.6 million seeds per acre into soybean stubble - no-till, seeded within 7 days of fly-free date • Leaf analysis at heading - 50 flag leaves collected per plot • Five treatments broadcast applied at early green-up, 80 lb N/acre o Urea 46-0-0 o ESN 44-0-0 o 75:25 Blend – 75% Urea, 25% ESN o 50:50 Blend – 50% Urea, 50% ESN o 25:75 Blend – 25% Urea, 75% ESN • Experimental design - randomized block replicated four times • Statistical analysis – simple ANOVA Test weight, head number, and flag leaf N concentration means in response to 80 lb N/acre from various N sources N Source Test Weight lb/bu Heads /ft row Flag leaf N % Urea 58.9 c 52.0 3.8 75 Urea: 25 ESN 58.8 c 52.0 3.7 50 Urea: 50 ESN 59.5 ab 52.0 3.8 25 Urea: 75 ESN 59.2 bc 44.0 3.7 ESN 59.9 a 44.0 3.5 lsd 0.05 0.5 ns ns cv 0.5 11.1 5.1 means with different letters are significantly different ns - no significance difference among means (p<0.05) Conclusions • Lower yields may occur when ESN is applied as the only spring N source compared to urea • Yields may be similar between urea-ESN blends and urea provided that urea contributes 50% or more of the total N requirements • Limited N released early in the spring growing season may have lowered yields from ESN alone as suggested by the decrease in number of heads compared to urea • ESN may provide more N later in the growing season than urea as suggested by the increase in test weights Outreach and Impact • Data has been presented at 10 county and regional meetings to approximately 700 producers, consultants, and retailers • As a result of this and other research, industry now blends ESN with urea or ammonium sulfate to minimize risk of yield loss that may occur from some environments in Ohio Acknowledgement ESN and urea:ESN blends were provided by Crop Production Services, Attica, OH Edwin M. Lentz, Agriculture and Natural Resources Educator, OSU Extension-Hancock County, 7868 CR 140, Findlay OH 45840 Introduction Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN ® ) is a relatively new technology fertilizer for the wheat industry in Ohio. It is a polymer-coated urea product developed to perform as a controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. Limited University research has been completed in Ohio that compares ESN to urea. Since ESN is more expensive to manufacture than urea, industry would like to blend ESN with urea to lower the cost per acre; information is lacking on the potential benefits or problems with urea:ESN blends. Result Highlights • ESN alone yielded less than urea • Urea-ESN blends were similar to urea when blends contained ≤50% ESN • Test weights were larger for ESN alone than urea • Heads for ESN < urea at p< 0.10, but similar at p<0.05 • Leaf nitrogen concentration was similar among all N sources at heading 77.1 74.0 75.4 70.0 68.3 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 Urea 75 Urea: 25 ESN 50 Urea: 50 ESN 25 Urea: 75 ESN ESN bushels per acre N Source Grain yield for ESN, Urea and Urea-ESN blend Treatments lsd 0.05 = 3.9 Results ESN Urea
Transcript of Lentz es nonohwheat12
Abstract ESN is a relatively new controlled-release N product for Ohio wheat production. It is a polymer coated urea that the nitrogen release is dependent upon temperature and moisture. The objective of this study was to evaluate ESN as a nitrogen source for wheat production in northwest Ohio. In Fall 2009, medium-maturity variety ‘Hopewell’ was established into soybean stubble on the OARDC Northwest Research Station near Custar, Ohio. Treatments included Urea, ESN, 75:25 urea:ESN blend, 50:50 urea:ESN blend, and a 25:75 urea:ESN blend. A nitrogen rate of 80 pounds per acre was applied at greenup for each treatment. Experimental design was a completely randomized block replicated four times. Analysis was a simple ANOVA. Grain yield, test weight, spike number, and N uptake were measured for each treatment. Significant differences were observed among treatments for yield. ESN yields were significantly less than urea and the 75:25 and 50:50 urea:ESN blends. The 75:25 urea:ESN and 50:50 urea:ESN blends were similar to urea. Yields of the 25:75 urea:ESN blend was similar to ESN. ESN alone would not be an adequate N source for wheat production in northwest Ohio. It may be a viable product when blended with urea as long as the blend contains more than 50% urea.
Objective Evaluate ESN as a nitrogen source for Ohio wheat production
Methods • Medium maturity variety – Hopewell • Nitrogen applied prior to planting – 25 lb/acre • Plot dimension – 10 x 70 ft • Seeded at 1.6 million seeds per acre into soybean stubble -
no-till, seeded within 7 days of fly-free date • Leaf analysis at heading - 50 flag leaves collected per plot • Five treatments broadcast applied at early green-up, 80 lb
N/acre o Urea 46-0-0 o ESN 44-0-0 o 75:25 Blend – 75% Urea, 25% ESN o 50:50 Blend – 50% Urea, 50% ESN o 25:75 Blend – 25% Urea, 75% ESN
• Experimental design - randomized block replicated four times • Statistical analysis – simple ANOVA
Test weight, head number, and flag leaf N concentration means in response to 80 lb N/acre from various N sources
N Source Test Weight
lb/bu Heads /ft row
Flag leaf N %
Urea 58.9c 52.0 3.8
75 Urea: 25 ESN 58.8c 52.0 3.7
50 Urea: 50 ESN 59.5ab 52.0 3.8
25 Urea: 75 ESN 59.2bc 44.0 3.7
ESN 59.9a 44.0 3.5
lsd0.05 0.5 ns ns
cv 0.5 11.1 5.1
means with different letters are significantly different ns - no significance difference among means (p<0.05)
Conclusions • Lower yields may occur when ESN is applied as the only spring
N source compared to urea
• Yields may be similar between urea-ESN blends and urea provided that urea contributes 50% or more of the total N requirements
• Limited N released early in the spring growing season may have lowered yields from ESN alone as suggested by the decrease in number of heads compared to urea
• ESN may provide more N later in the growing season than urea as suggested by the increase in test weights
Outreach and Impact • Data has been presented at 10 county and regional meetings to
approximately 700 producers, consultants, and retailers
• As a result of this and other research, industry now blends ESN with urea or ammonium sulfate to minimize risk of yield loss that may occur from some environments in Ohio
Acknowledgement
ESN and urea:ESN blends were provided by Crop Production Services, Attica, OH
Edwin M. Lentz, Agriculture and Natural Resources Educator, OSU Extension-Hancock County, 7868 CR 140, Findlay OH 45840
Introduction Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN®) is a relatively new technology fertilizer for the wheat industry in Ohio. It is a polymer-coated urea product developed to perform as a controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. Limited University research has been completed in Ohio that compares ESN to urea. Since ESN is more expensive to manufacture than urea, industry would like to blend ESN with urea to lower the cost per acre; information is lacking on the potential benefits or problems with urea:ESN blends.
Result Highlights • ESN alone yielded less than urea • Urea-ESN blends were similar to urea when blends
contained ≤50% ESN • Test weights were larger for ESN alone than urea • Heads for ESN < urea at p< 0.10, but similar at p<0.05 • Leaf nitrogen concentration was similar among all N
sources at heading
77.1
74.0
75.4
70.0
68.3
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
Urea 75 Urea:25 ESN
50 Urea:50 ESN
25 Urea:75 ESN
ESN
bu
she
ls p
er
acre
N Source
Grain yield for ESN, Urea and Urea-ESN blend Treatments
lsd0.05 = 3.9
Results
ESN Urea
