Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called...

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Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses

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Transcript of Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called...

Page 1: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Lenses

Contain both convex and concave lenses

Page 2: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Lenses

Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification and correct color aberrations

Page 3: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Lenses

Each element adds the chance for reflection in the lens

Called lens flare

Page 4: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Focal Length

A measurement of the magnifying power of a lens

Page 5: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Focal Length

As magnification increases, field of view decreases

50mm - normal film lens

Page 6: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Prime and Zoom Lenses

Prime Lens -fixed focal length

Zoom - can adjust the focal length (magnification)

Page 7: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure

Too much light, the picture is overexposed

Too little light, the picture is underexposed

Page 8: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure

A camera has two mechanical mechanisms for controlling exposure:

ApertureShutterShutter, Aperture (in the lens)

Page 9: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

An expandable opening like the iris of your eye that controls how much light passes through the lens

Page 10: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

Usually constructed of thin, sliding, interlocking metal plates

Page 11: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

As you close the iris down to a smaller aperture, it stops more light from reaching the image sensor

Page 12: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

The size of the aperture is measured in stops or f-stops

The higher the f-stop rating, the more light the aperture is stopping

Page 13: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

“Lens speed” is determined by how wide its iris or aperture can open.

The wider the aperture, the faster the exposure can be.

Page 14: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Fast lenses

A lens that can be opened to f1.8 is much faster than a lens that can only open to f4.

Can shoot in lower light and have a wider range of aperture settings - more creative freedom.

More difficult to build - more expensive

Page 15: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Aperture

Aperture and shutter speed are interrelated

Page 16: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Shutter

Opens and closes very quickly to control how much light passes through to the image sensor

Page 17: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Shutter

Shutter speed is a measure of how long the shutter stays open, measured in seconds and fractions of seconds

Page 18: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

Means that many different shutter speed/aperture settings all yield the same exposure

1/30 @ f16

1/60 @ f11

1/125 @ f8

Page 19: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

If shutter speed or aperture is shifted in one direction, the other is shifted in the opposite direction the same amount.

Page 20: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

If a proper exposure calls for 1/60 sec. and f16, what should the f-stop be if the exposure time was decreased to 1/125?

Page 21: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

ISO can also affect shutter speed and/or aperture settings

Page 22: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

Every time the ISO value is doubled, it makes the image sensor twice as sensitive

Each value = 1 stop

Page 23: Lenses Contain both convex and concave lenses. Lenses Many concave and convex lenses, called elements are grouped together to produce a specific magnification.

Exposure - Reciprocity

The higher the ISO value, the more noise there is in the picture, similar to grain in an image made from film with a higher ISO.


Compare and Contrast convex and concave Lenses (order jumbled) Convex lenses are wider in the middle than they are at the edges and concave lenses are.

Compare and Contrast convex and concave Lenses (order jumbled) Convex lenses are wider in the middle than they are at the edges and concave lenses are.

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A combination of concave/convex surfaces ... - Digital CSICdigital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/101875/1/concave,convex.pdf · A combination of concave/convex surfaces for field-enhancement

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CONVEX LENSES. 18.1 Lenses A convex lens (or a converging lens) converges parallel light rays passing through it. Various shapes of convex lenses.

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Topic 4: Lenses and Vision. Essential Learning Outcome I can explain the use of concave and convex lenses in objects such as microscopes, eye glasses,

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Lenses. Diverging and Converging Lenses Double Convex lenses focus light rays to a point on the opposite side of the lens. Double Concave lenses diverge.

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Polygons - Concave or convexPolygons - Concave & convex Write down if polygon is convex or concave: 1) convex 2) convex 3) convex 4) convex 5) convex 6) convex 1 7) convex 8) concave

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concave + convex

concave + convex

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Predicting Images in Convex and Concave Lenses. When the object is located at twice the focal length (2F)

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Demonstration of the Optics of Thin Convex and Concave …Demonstration of the Optics of Thin Convex and Concave Lenses Created by Richard Born Associate Professor Emeritus Northern

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The Concave-Convex Procedure (CCCP)papers.nips.cc/paper/2125-the-concave-convex-procedure-cccp.pdf2 The Concave-Convex Procedure (CCCP) The key results of CCCP are summarized by Theorems

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Basic Optics System Manual · Basic Optics System About the Experiments 8 6. Convex and Concave Lenses (page 19): Use ray tracing to determine the focal lengths of lenses. 7. Hollow

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EarlyTelescopes&GeometricalOpticsgriffith/ptys521/1...Fig. 2.— The focal lengths of convex and concave mirrors and lenses. Note that real images are pro-duced only by convex lenses

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