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Transcript of LEGAL ANTI˜DISCRIMINATION, HATE CRIME & LEGAL … › wp-content › uploads › 2015 › 08 ›...
A RESEARCH PROJECT INITIATED BY
FUNDED BY
Transrespect versus Transphobia Worldwide (TvT) provides an overview of the human rights situa-tion of trans persons in di� erent parts of the world and develops useful data and advocacy tools for international institutions, human rights organizations, the trans movement and the general public. It is a comparative, ongoing qualitative-quantitative research project conducted by TGEU’s TvT team in close cooperation with 18 partner organizations and numerous trans activists and resear-chers in all six world regions. The data collected are compiled and updated periodically and can be viewed in detail in English and Spanish on the TvT website: www.transrespect-transphobia.org
The TvT tables visualise transspeci� c and trans-inclusive legislations and how they are enacted in actual practice. They list law proposals that challenge existing measures and serve to indicate exis-ting trans activism. They provide information on legal measures that criminalize trans people, show-ing important di� erences between criminalization and actual prosecution. The tables also give a � rst insight into trans people‘s health care situation.
LEGAL AND HEALTH CARE MAPPING
LEGAL GENDER RECOGNITION
ANTI-DISCRIMINATION, HATE CRIME & ASYLUM LEGISLATION
LEGAL CHANGE OF NAME
LEGAL CHANGE OF GENDER
ANTI-DISCRI-MINATION ***
HATE CRIME(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
ASYLUM(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
INCLUSION IN CONSTITU-
TION
Angola Legal Measure
Proposals
Antigua Legal Measure
Proposals
Argentina Legal Measure
Proposals
Australia Legal Measure
Proposals
Azerbaijan Legal Measure
Proposals
Bahamas Legal Measure
Proposals
Barbados Legal Measure
Proposals
Belgium Legal Measure
Proposals
Belize Legal Measure
Proposals
Bosnia-Herzegovina Legal Measure
Proposals
Botswana Legal Measure
Proposals
Brazil Legal Measure
Proposals
Chile Legal Measure
Proposals
Colombia Legal Measure
Proposals
Cook Islands Legal Measure
Proposals
Croatia Legal Measure
Proposals
Cuba Legal Measure
Proposals
Denmark Legal Measure
Proposals
Ecuador Legal Measure
Proposals
Egypt Legal Measure
Proposals
El Salvador Legal Measure
Proposals
Fiji Legal Measure
Proposals
France Legal Measure
Proposals
Germany Legal Measure
Proposals
Hong Kong Legal Measure
Proposals
Hungary Legal Measure
Proposals
Iceland Legal Measure
Proposals
India Legal Measure
Proposals
Ireland Legal Measure
Proposals
LEGAL AND HEALTH CARE MAPPING
LEGAL GENDER RECOGNITION
ANTI-DISCRIMINATION, HATE CRIME & ASYLUM LEGISLATION
LEGAL CHANGE OF NAME
LEGAL CHANGE OF GENDER
ANTI-DISCRI-MINATION ***
HATE CRIME(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
ASYLUM(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
INCLUSION IN CONSTITU-
TION
Italy Legal Measure
Proposals
Jamaica Legal Measure
Proposals
Japan Legal Measure
Proposals
Kazakhstan Legal Measure
Proposals
Kenya Legal Measure
Proposals
Kiribati Legal Measure
Proposals
Kosovo Legal Measure
Proposals
Kyrgyzstan Legal Measure
Proposals
Macedonia Legal Measure
Proposals
Mongolia Legal Measure
Proposals
Namibia Legal Measure
Proposals
Netherlands Legal Measure
Proposals
New Zealand Legal Measure
Proposals
Nicaragua Legal Measure
Proposals
Nigeria Legal Measure
Proposals
Norway Legal Measure
Proposals
Papua New Guinea Legal Measure
Proposals
Philippines Legal Measure
Proposals
Poland Legal Measure
Proposals
Puerto Rico Legal Measure
Proposals
Russia Legal Measure
Proposals
Saint Vincent Legal Measure
Proposals
Samoa Legal Measure
Proposals
Serbia Legal Measure
Proposals
Singapore Legal Measure
Proposals
Slovakia Legal Measure
Proposals
Slovenia Legal Measure
Proposals
Solomon Islands Legal Measure
Proposals
South Africa Legal Measure
Proposals
LEGAL AND HEALTH CARE MAPPING
LEGAL GENDER RECOGNITION
ANTI-DISCRIMINATION, HATE CRIME & ASYLUM LEGISLATION
LEGAL CHANGE OF NAME
LEGAL CHANGE OF GENDER
ANTI-DISCRI-MINATION ***
HATE CRIME(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
ASYLUM(TRANS-
SPECIFIC)
INCLUSION IN CONSTITU-
TION
South Korea Legal Measure
Proposals
Spain Legal Measure
Proposals
Suriname Legal Measure
Proposals
Sweden Legal Measure
Proposals
Switzerland Legal Measure
Proposals
Thailand Legal Measure
Proposals
Tokelau Legal Measure
Proposals
Tonga Legal Measure
Proposals
Trinidad & Tobago Legal Measure
Proposals
Turkey Legal Measure
Proposals
Uganda Legal Measure
Proposals
Uzbekistan Legal Measure
Proposals
Venezuela Legal Measure
Proposals
Zambia Legal Measure
Proposals
No existing legal measure
Existing legal measure*
Existing proposal
No appropriate data
Only in parts of the country
Di� erent in practice**
With pathologization
Change of Birth Certi� cate
Only a� er Gender Reassignment Therapy
Only a� er GRS / Sterilization
Privacy Protection
New marriage and keep existing marriage
New marriage a� er legal change of gender
Two genders
More than two genders
Speci� ed as Transgender/ Gender Identity
* Icons displayed behind green ‘check’ icon specify the legal measure; in the column ‘Legal change of name’, these are restrictions, in the column ‘Legal change of gender’ these are restrictions or positive speci� cations.
** The Icon ‘Di� erent in practice’ applies both to countries with existing legal measures, meaning a limitation, and to countries without legal mea-sures, meaning practical possibilities without existing legislation.
*** Detailed information and whether Anti-Discrimination Legislations are formulated in general terms or are speci� c to domains like employ-ment, education, commercial services etc., can be found on the TvT Web-site.
The Legal and Health Care Mapping was produced by Transgender Europe‘s Transrespect versus Transphobia Worldwide (TvT) project (as of Aug. 2012), continuous updates and more detailed interactive tables on www.transrespect-transphobia.org
www.tgeu.org
LEGAL AND HEALTH CARE
MAPPING
CRIMINALIzATIoN, PRosECuTIoN & sTATE-sPoNsoRED DIsCRIMINATIoN HoRMoNEs AND HoRMoNE THERAPy GENDER REAssIGNMENT TREATMENT/
suRGERy AND BoDy MoDIfICATIoNs
Criminali-zation
ProseCu-tion
state-sPonsored
disCrimi-nation
mediCal suPervision
Without mediCal
suPervisionFunding AvAilAble
forms requirements funding
‘AlternAtives’ when no or limited grt/
grs*
angola
antigua
argentina
australia
azerbaijan
Bahamas
Barbados
Belgium
Belize
Bosnia-herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Chile
Columbia
Cook islands
Croatia
Cuba
denmark
ecuador
egypt
el salvador
Fiji
France
germany
hong Kong
hungary
iceland
india
ireland
italy
Jamaica
Japan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
macedonia
LEGAL AND HEALTH CARE
MAPPING
CRIMINALIzATIoN, PRosECuTIoN & sTATE-sPoNsoRED DIsCRIMINATIoN HoRMoNEs AND HoRMoNE THERAPy GENDER REAssIGNMENT TREATMENT/
suRGERy AND BoDy MoDIfICATIoNs
Criminali-zation
ProseCu-tion
state-sPonsored
disCrimi-nation
mediCal suPervision
Without mediCal
suPervisionFunding AvAilAble
forms requirements funding
‘AlternAtives’ when no or limited grt/
grs*
mongolia
namibia
netherlands
new zealand
nicaragua
nigeria
norway
Papua new guinea
Philippines
Poland
Puerto rico
russia
saint vincent
samoa
serbia
singapore
slovakia
slovenia
solomon islands
south africa
south Korea
spain
suriname
sweden
switzerland
thailand
tokelau
tonga
trinidad & tobago
turkey
uganda
uzbekistan
venezuela
zambia
Cd
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bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, P, rPt, v
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bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, ma, me, l, P, v
bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, v
AC, bA, Cr, h, ma, me, l, P, v
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bA, bhA, Cr, hr, ma, l
AC, bA, Cr, bhA, h, hr, l, ma, P, v
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AC, bA, Cr, h, ma, P, rPt, v
AC, bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, P, rPt, v
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AC, bA, Cr, bhA, h, hr, ma, me, P, rPt, v
bA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, rPt, v
bA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, me, v
AC, bA, bhA, h, hr, v, l, ma, rPt
AC, bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, P, v, rPt
bA, bhA, Cr, hr, ma
All
AC, bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, ma, me, P, l, v
AC, bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, v, rPt
bA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, rPt
AC, bA, bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, me, P, v
bA, Cr, h, ma, me, P, v
bhA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, me, P, v
AC, bA, Cr, h, hr, ma, me, P, v
AC, bA, Cr, h, hr, ma, me, P, v
AC, bA, Cr, h, hr, l, ma, P, v
AC, bA, bhA, h, hr, l, ma, P, rPt, v
nhi , o
Phs
hs, Phi
nhi , o
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Phi
existing legal measures / documented practice
Criminalization / prosecution / discrimination under certain circumstances
no existing legal measures
no documented cases
no appropriate data
only in parts of the country
Without medical supervision
B Blackmarket I internet P Pharmacies TP trans People O other
Funding
PHS Public health systemNHI national health insurancePHI Private health insuranceO other
Available forms
AC adam‘s apple Contouring
BA Breast augmentation
BHA Buttock/hip augmentation
CR Chest re- construction
HR hair removal
H hysterectomy
L liposuction
Ma mastectomy
Me metoidioplasty
P Phalloplasty
RPT removal of Penis/testicles
V vaginoplasty
CD so-Called Cross-dressingG grt/grsE employmentTE trans eventsTO trans organisationsO other **
no / none
existing practice without medical supervision
Provided under medical supervision
only with psychiatric diagnosis
no appropriate data
only in parts of the country
o o
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mea
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ans p
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