Social Studies 10-1Legacies of Historical Globalization

IQ. To what extent should contemporary society respond to the legacies of historical globalization.

What is a legacy?Legacy: something that has

been passed on by those who lived in the past.

Examples:Government systemsBuildings and monumentsReligionsStoriesCelebrationsLanguageValues

Building EmpiresBetween 1876-1914, Imperial powers greatly

expanded their global possessions.

Ethnocentrism & EurocentrismEthnocentrism: A way of thinking that

centers on one’s own race and culture. Believe only their worldview is valid.Ex. A Westerner thinking that using chopsticks

at every meal to eat is strange, silly, or a "stupid" way to eat

Eurocentrism: Form of ethnocentrism that uses European criteria to judge others.

How ethnocentric are you?

Scramble for AfricaBerlin Conference

To avoid conflicts, representatives of USA, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Russia, Spain, and Sweden-Norway met to divide Africa among themselves.Who was missing from this

conference?

Oral historyFew written

records of the European arrival exist.

Read the story on page 140. Can you retell it in your own words?

Queen Elizabeth II holds the royal scepter. It contained the world’s largest polished diamond, the great Star of Africa. (530.4 carats, est. $463 million). The diamond was discovered in South Africa. The Indigenous people who lived there received no benefit from this discovery. Should they be compensated today?

Legacies of Imperialism

Causes

Division of Africa by Imperial

Powers

Effects

Legacies of ImperialismCause Effect ExampleImperial power destroyed traditional political and social systems and left few resources to meet people’s needs.

Newly independent countries faced discontent and political unrest and turned to authoritarian leaders.

Kenya – like many former colonies, gained independence in the 1960s and turned to an authoritarian one-party state to try and solve economic problems.

Colonized people were relied upon to learn the imperial powers language and to help govern.

Colonized people who benefited from education often helped run the government upon independence.

India – Indians educated in British style system were able to rise to positions of power.

Imperial power split up or joined communities that had not traditionally been organized this way.

Created ethnic conflict that lead to human rights abuses.

Rwanda – Ethnic rivalries created by Germany exploded into genocide.

Imperial power changed traditional political and economic structures.

Either led to integration into world markets or undermined ability to be self-sufficient.

Canada – Aboriginal peoples continue to advocate for political and economic self-determination.

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How has cultural contact affected people?19th Century Europeans were not the first to

create powerful empires.Ottoman EmpireRoman EmpireChina

Example: Algeria Conquered by Rome in 100CE Then conquered by Umayyads (Muslim empire) Spanish control in 15th century Ottomans in 16th century French colony in 1830 Algeria independent in 1962.

20th CenturyEuropean empires had fundamentally

changed the lives and cultures of the people they ruled.

Examine the map on page 144.Which regions were under European control?How might this have affected the Indigenous

peoples in those areas?

1914

What Legacies do Imperial Powers leave?

Read the 3 speakers on page 145.

1. In your own words, capture each speaker’s statement or main idea.

Legacies: LanguagesImperial powers altered the lives of the

Indigenous peoples by changing the language that they spoke.Canada: French and EnglishCentral and South America: SpanishBrazil: PortugueseNorth Africa: FrenchVietnam: FrenchIndia: English Argentina:

Spanish street signs, Spanish architecture, flamenco dancing.

Legacies of MigrationFrom 1871-1914 , 30

million people migrated from Europe.

Origins of Immigrants to Canada, 1913

Does the immigration chart reflect a legacy of British imperial rule?

Legacies of DisplacementIndigenous peoples were displaces – forced

off their land – when colonizers needed land.This destroyed cultures and communities.

Read the Profile on page 147. What legacies of imperialism does Chinua Achebe address?

Legacies of DepopulationSlavery in Africa led to depopulation

Families and communities were shattered as the young and strong were targeted by slave traders.

When slavery was abolished, millions of Indians were recruited as indentured workers as a new source of cheap workers. Many remained in their new land after indenture

period ended

Shop signs in an Indo-Fijian district of Fiji.

Legacies of DepopulationFamine and Disease

1876 - 1879 6-10 million Indians dies of starvation

1896 – 1902 19 million Indians died of starvation and disease.

What affects might this have had on Indigenous peoples?

How have the exchange of goods and technologies affected people?Grand Exchange: many new plants and

animals were introduced to peoples around the globe.

Horses: Spanish brought to the Americas. This helped the Plains people to travel and transport goods faster and farther. Became symbols of wealth and status.New World

Plants

Old World Plants

How have the exchange of goods and technologies affected people?Gun trade:Buffalo used to be hunted by Plains peoples

and every part was used.With guns and trade with Europeans, Buffalo

became a money-making commodity.1800 – est. 30 million Buffalo1900 – less than 1000.

Way of life forever destroyed

How do legacies continue to affect people?How would societies have looked today

without European imperialism?

Culture ChangeReligious beliefsArtArchitectureOppressionPovertyTechnologiesLoss of land

How do legacies continue to affect people?GDP – gross domestic

productValue of all goods and

services produced.

GDP per capita of former British colonies, 2006

How does this chart portray a legacy of historical globalization?