LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.
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Transcript of LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.
![Page 1: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: How to stop them dead
David Scott-MaxwellTechnical Director, Forge Europa
![Page 2: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• Before we start – what are ‘LEDs’?:
![Page 3: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• Before we start – these are ‘LEDs’:
![Page 4: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• Before we start – these are ‘LEDs’:
‘LEDs’ ARE NOT MUCH USE ON THEIR OWN!
![Page 5: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• Before we start – ‘LED failures’ = ‘Whole system failures’
![Page 6: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• Before we start – ‘LED failures’ = ‘Whole system failures’
![Page 7: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
![Page 8: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
![Page 9: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
![Page 10: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
![Page 11: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
![Page 12: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
![Page 13: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
![Page 14: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
![Page 15: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
AdhesivesTIMsetc
![Page 16: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
AdhesivesTIMsetc
Testing
![Page 17: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
AdhesivesTIMsetc
Testing
Packaging
![Page 18: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
AdhesivesTIMsetc
Testing
Packaging
The user!
![Page 19: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
• What’s in a ‘Whole system’?
LED
PCB
Heatsink
Driver/PSU
Enclosure
Optics
AdhesivesTIMsetc
Testing
Packaging
The user!
![Page 20: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures:
![Page 21: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures:
• Electrical Overstress (EOS)• Overheat• Chemical Contamination• Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
![Page 22: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 23: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 24: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 25: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 26: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 27: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 28: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 29: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, educate
![Page 30: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrical Overstress (EOS)
Causes• ‘Hot Plugging’ #1 LED killer - VERY easily done!• …during in-factory test, luminaire installation• …can be latent• Reverse connection
Effects • Lights out (often short circuit)
Prevention• BE EOS AWARE, design-in circuit protection, lock down factory
procedures, Educate
![Page 31: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
![Page 32: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
XM-L / 105° / 2AL70>70khrs
![Page 33: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
![Page 34: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
![Page 35: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
![Page 36: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Overheat
Causes• Modern Lighting Class LEDs can run HOT…• …but there’s a limit to how much power they can handle• …and adequate heatsinking must be provided• …and users can/will overheat products
Effects • Reduced lifetime [LM80/TM21], colour shift
Prevention• Heatsink design is tough – don’t underestimate• Educate customers
![Page 37: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 38: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 39: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 40: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 41: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 42: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 43: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Chemical Contamination
Causes• Silicones particularly vulnerable to ‘charring’• LED manufacturer’s black lists & white lists• Sometimes reversible, sometimes not…
Effects • Reduced lifetime, colour shift
Prevention• Check the lists, do your own tests, be aware of ‘hidden’ chemical
usage.
![Page 44: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrostatic Discharge
Causes• Rare due to protected LED components, good ESD handling, protection via circuitry• BUT - can be latent…
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Install & audit ESD handling procedures, design-in circuit protection
![Page 45: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrostatic Discharge
Causes• Rare due to protected LED components, good ESD handling, protection via circuitry• BUT - can be latent…
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Install & audit ESD handling procedures, design-in circuit protection
![Page 46: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
LED failures: Electrostatic Discharge
Causes• Rare due to protected LED components, good ESD handling, protection via circuitry• BUT - can be latent…
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Install & audit ESD handling procedures, design-in circuit protection
![Page 47: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures:
• Electronic product reliability• Key component lifetime• Soldering
![Page 48: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Electronic Product Reliability
• Electronic products can be extremely reliable!• … but ‘you gets what you pays for’…• ‘0.2%/1000hrs’ de-facto standard for lighting electronics
![Page 49: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Electronic Product Reliability
• Electronic products can be extremely reliable!• … but ‘you gets what you pays for’…• ‘0.2%/1000hrs’ de-facto standard for lighting electronics
![Page 50: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Key Component Lifetime
Causes• Electrolytic capacitors• Freewheel diodes• Bridge rectifiers• Optocouplers• … etc etc …
Effects • Lights out, flickering, EMC non-compliance, …
Prevention• Design for product lifetime, control manufacturing
![Page 51: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Key Component Lifetime
Causes• Electrolytic capacitors• Freewheel diodes• Bridge rectifiers• Optocouplers• … etc etc …
Effects • Lights out, flickering, EMC non-compliance, …
Prevention• Design for product lifetime, control manufacturing
![Page 52: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Key Component Lifetime
Causes• Electrolytic capacitors• Freewheel diodes• Bridge rectifiers• Optocouplers• … etc etc …
Effects • Lights out, flickering, EMC non-compliance, …
Prevention• Design for product lifetime, control manufacturing
![Page 53: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Key Component Lifetime
Causes• Electrolytic capacitors• Freewheel diodes• Bridge rectifiers• Optocouplers• … etc etc …
Effects • Lights out, flickering, EMC non-compliance, …
Prevention• Design for product lifetime, control manufacturing
![Page 54: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Key Component Lifetime
Causes• Electrolytic capacitors• Freewheel diodes• Bridge rectifiers• Optocouplers• … etc etc …
Effects • Lights out, flickering, EMC non-compliance, …
Prevention• Design for product lifetime, control manufacturing
![Page 55: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Soldering
Causes• Low operator skill• Poorly controlled processes• Exotics
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Control manufacturing, IPC-A-610-E
![Page 56: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Soldering
Causes• Low operator skill• Poorly controlled processes• Exotics
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Control manufacturing, IPC-A-610-E
![Page 57: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Soldering
Causes• Low operator skill• Poorly controlled processes• Exotics
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Control manufacturing, IPC-A-610-E
![Page 58: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Soldering
Causes• Low operator skill• Poorly controlled processes• Exotics
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Control manufacturing, IPC-A-610-E
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LED failures: How to stop them dead
Driver/PSU failures: Soldering
Causes• Low operator skill• Poorly controlled processes• Exotics
Effects • Lights out
Prevention• Control manufacturing, IPC-A-610-E
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LED failures: How to stop them dead
Conclusion:
![Page 61: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Conclusion:
Don’t worry too much – LED lighting can be extremely reliable!
![Page 62: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Conclusion:
Don’t worry too much – LED lighting can be extremely reliable!
![Page 63: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Conclusion:
Don’t worry too much – LED lighting can be extremely reliable!
![Page 64: LED failures: How to stop them dead David Scott-Maxwell Technical Director, Forge Europa.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cda5503460f949a493a/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
LED failures: How to stop them dead
Conclusion:
Don’t worry too much – LED lighting can be extremely reliable!
BUT – you need to be profoundly aware of all the issues to achieve this…
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LED failures: How to stop them dead
Thank you – and good luck!
David Scott-MaxwellTechnical Director, Forge Europa