Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each...
-
Upload
lesley-greer -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each...
![Page 1: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lectures posted online after lecture.
Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.
![Page 2: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
In many instances there is a unique pattern of inheritance.
Traits disappear and reappear in new ratios.
CB 14.3
![Page 3: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Genotype PhenotypeCB 14.6
![Page 4: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Human blood types
AA orAO
AB
BB orBO
OO
CB tbl 14.2
![Page 5: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Looking at the past:
If Frank has B blood type,
his Dad has A blood type,
And his Mom has B blood type…
Should Frank be worried?
![Page 6: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Mom=B blood
BB or BO
Dad=A blood
AA or AO
Gametes all B / 50% B and50% O
all A / 50% A and50% O
possible
genotypes
Frank can be BO= B blood …no worries
![Page 7: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
We can also predict the future
Fig 2.12
![Page 8: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mom = AB Dad = AB
Inheritance of blood types
![Page 9: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mom = AB Dad = AB
Gametes: A or B A or B
Inheritance of blood types
![Page 10: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Mom = AB Dad = AB
Gametes: A or B A or B
A or B
A or B
AA
AB BB
AB
Chance of each phenotype for each offspring25% AA50% AB25% BB
Mom
Dad
Inheritance of blood types
![Page 11: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CB14.7Testcross:
determining dominant/ recessive and zygosity
![Page 12: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CB5.21
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a point mutation
![Page 13: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sickled and normal red blood cells
![Page 14: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mom = HS Dad = HS
H or S
H or S
HH
HS SS
HS possible offspring75% Normal25% Sickle-cell
Mom
Dad
S=sickle-cell
H=normal
Sickle-Cell Anemia:A dominant or recessive allele?
![Page 15: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Coincidence of malaria and sickle-cell anemia
CB 23.13
![Page 16: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mom = HS Dad = HS
H or S
H or S
HH
HS SS
HS
possible offspringOxygen transport:75% Normal25% Sickle-cell
Malaria resistance:75% resistant25% susceptible
Mom
Dad
Sickle-Cell Anemia:A dominant or recessive allele?
S=sickle-cell
H=normal
![Page 17: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Variation in Peas
![Page 18: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Phenotype
Genotype
CB 14.8
![Page 19: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CB 14.8The inheritance of genes on different chromo-somes is independent.
![Page 20: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Y y
r R
Gene for seed color
Gene for seed shape
Approximate position of seed color and shape genes in peas
Chrom. 1/7 Chrom. 7/7
![Page 21: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CB 15.2The inheritance of genes on different chromosomes is independent:independent assortment
![Page 22: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CB 15.2
meiosis I
meiosis II
![Page 23: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
CB 15.2The inheritance of genes on different chromosomes is independent:independent assortment
![Page 24: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
CB 14.8
![Page 25: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Inheritance can be predicted by probability
CB 14.9
![Page 26: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Probability of a 4= 1/6
Probability of two 4’s in a row=1/6x1/6=1/36
![Page 27: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Probability of 3 or 4 = 1/6+1/6= 1/3
![Page 28: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
“and” multiply
“or” add
![Page 29: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Huntington’s Disease
D=disease
d=normal
Neurological disease, symptoms begin around 40 years old.
![Page 30: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Mom = dd Dad = Dd
d or d
D or d
Dd
Dd dd
ddpossible offspring50% Huntington’s50% Normal
Mom
Dad
Huntington’s Disease D=disease
d=normal
![Page 31: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Two different people:One with Huntington’s disease = Dd HhOne without Huntington’s disease = dd Hhmate. What is the probability that their offspring will have Huntington’s disease and sickle cell anemia?(Dd hh)
![Page 32: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Two people:One with Huntington’s disease = Dd HhOne without Huntington’s disease = dd Hhmate. What is the probability that their offspring will have
Huntington’s disease and sickle cell anemia? Dd hh
Probability of each outcome:
Probability of Dd (Ddxdd) = .5
Probability of hh (HhxHh) = .25
![Page 33: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Two people:One with Huntington’s disease = Dd HhOne without Huntington’s disease = dd Hhmate. What is the probability that their offspring will have
Huntington’s disease and sickle cell anemia? Dd hh
Probability of each outcome:
Probability of Dd (Ddxdd) = .5Probability of hh (HhxHh) = .25Multiply both probabilities .25 X.5 = 12.5%
chance Dd hh offspring
![Page 34: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CB 14.11Many traits are coded for by more than one gene.
![Page 35: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Eye color: One trait controlled by multiple genes
![Page 36: Lectures posted online after lecture. Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfb91a28abf838c9fc6d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Lectures posted online after lecture.
Textbook sections and/or pages posted a few days prior to each lecture.