Lecture jarvela 200913

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGYESEARCH UNIT http://edtech.oulu.fi

Introduction to technology enhanced learning

Prof. Sanna JärveläLearning and Educational Technology Research Unit

Department of Educational Sciences and Teacher Education

University of Oulu, Finland

http://edtech.oulu.fi/


Learning is ”a hot topic” today!

1) There is a transformation of industrial economy to knowledge economy and creative economy.

The knowledge economy is based on “the production and distribution of knowledge and information, rather than the production and

distribution of things” (Drucker, 1993, p. 182).

2) Knowledge economy is also a learning society.

3) It is no longer possible to imagine that education ends by a certain age, after which learning is no longer necessary.



What is Learning Sciences?(Saywer, 2006)

• Is an interdisciplinary field that studies teaching and learning. The sciences of learning include cognitive science, educational psychology, computer science, sociology, neuroscience and other fields.

• Educators can use the learning science to design more effective learning environments, including schools, classrooms and informal settings.



Why do we need learning science?

• Because, the Standard Model of Schooling– Has been based on common-sense

assumptions that had never been tested scientifically.

– Knowledge is a collection of facts about the world and procedures for how to solve problems.

– The goal of schooling is to get these facts and procedures into the student’s head.

– Teachers know these facts and procedures, and their job is to transmit them to students.

• The schools don’t teach the deep knowledge that underlies knowledge work.



Key finding from the Learning Sciences (Saywer, 2006)

The importance of • learning deeper conceptual

understanding, rather than superficial facts and procedures.

• learning connected and coherent knowledge, rather than bits of knowledge.

• learning authentic knowledge in its context of use, rather than decontextualized classroom exercises.

• learning in collaboratively, rather than in isolation.



Developing Future Education:

Deep learning instead of

transfer of facts



Technology for deep learning (Dillenbourg, Järvelä & Fischer, 2009; Brandsford, et al.,2000)

• Computers can represent abstract knowledge in concrete form.

• Computer tools can allow learners to articulate their developing knowledge in a visual and verbal way.

• Virtual forums offer opportunities for sharing and building knowledge together.

• Social interactions will be enriched.



What is collaborative learning? (Dillenbourg, 1999; Baker et al., 1999; Fischer et al., 2007; Roschelle & Teasley, 1995, Stahl, 2006 )

”A coordinated synchronous activity that is the result of of continued attempt to construct and maintain a shared conception of a problem”

Collaboration >< Co-operation(Roschelle & Teasley, 1995) (Webb, Nemer & Ing, 2006)



Why collaboration is effective for learning?

Learning does not emerge because of a group of people, but because collaboration stimulates and activates knowledge acquisition mechanisms in individual learners!

Asking questions, clarifying, explaining, constructing arguments, comparing opinions, creating new ideas…..



Collaborative learning is not a recipe

• Collaborative learning often leads to better results than learning individually (Johnson & Johnson, 1999), but not systematically.

• Asking students to work together is not enough (Järvelä & Häkkinen, 2001).

• Collaboration per se does not produce learning outcomes; its results depend upon the extent to which groups actually engaged in productive interactions.

10



11

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning

”Learning scientists have discovered that deep learning is more likely to occur in complex social and technological environments”(Brandsford et al. 2000)



12

Collaboration among peers can be designed and teachers can create conditions in which effective group interactions are expected to occur.



Our approach has been to consider self-regulated learning as a framework for “innovations in learning design” – developing opportunities for collaboration

and creating competence tools.



Media effectiveness is still a myth – this is why we need learning sciences• Each time a new media enters the

educational sphere, it generates over-expectations with respect to its intrinsic effects on learning.

• New artefacts (iPads, mobile phones) or new tools (WIKIS, Blogs, clouds…) emerge.Spesific arguments for the choose and use of tools are neededTechnology alone does very little to aid learning, but students social and cognitive activities are critical.Learning Sciences help

14


Lecture jarvela 200913

Education

Transcript of Lecture jarvela 200913