Lecture 6.2- e- configs and the Periodic Table
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Transcript of Lecture 6.2- e- configs and the Periodic Table
![Page 1: Lecture 6.2- e- configs and the Periodic Table](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052823/555041e2b4c90580748b4afd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lecture 6.2-
e- configs & the Periodic Table
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Electron configurations can be shortened by writing the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets to represent the inside electrons.
Shortened1s2
[He]2s22p6
[Ne]3s23p6
[Ar]3d104s24p6
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Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals based on their electron configurations.
Electron Configurations in Groups
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Noble gases (Group 8A) have full outer energy levels. Usually an s2p6 configuration. Helium is full with s2
Electron Configurations in Groups
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Electron Configurations in Groups
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The Representative Elements (Groups 1,2,13-18 or groups 1A-8A)
Electron Configurations in Groups
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The Representative Elements (Groups 1,2,13-18 or groups 1A-8A)
For representative elements s and p sublevels of the highest occupied energy level are not filled.
Electron Configurations in Groups
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The Representative Elements (Groups 1,2,13-18 or groups 1A-8A)
For representative elements s and p sublevels of the highest occupied energy level are not filled.
The group number equals the number of electrons in the highest/outermost energy level.
Electron Configurations in Groups
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Alkali metals (Group 1A) have one electron in the highest occupied energy level. s1 configuration
Electron Configurations in Groups
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Alkaline earth metals (Group 2A) have two electrons in the highest occupied energy level. s2
Electron Configurations in Groups
Halogens(Group 7A) have an s2p5
configuration.
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Transition Elements
Transition Elements
There are two types of transition elements—transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations.
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Transition Elements
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Transition Elements
In transition metals, the highest energy electrons are found in inner d orbitals.
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Transition Elements
In transition metals, the highest energy electrons are found in inner d orbitals. In atoms of an inner transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel and an inner f sublevel contain electrons.
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Periods
The period number tells which energy level the outside electrons are in.Ex. 3rd period sodium(Na) is [Ne]3s1
4th period potassium(K) is [Ar]4s1
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Blocks of Elements
Using the periodic table, write the electron configuration of N, Ca, Ti, Se, Cl, and He.
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
The red circles represent energy levels
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
The red circles represent energy levels
H 1e-
1s1
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
The red circles represent energy levels
He 2e-
1s2
The first
energy level is full
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
The red circles represent energy levels
Helium is a noble gas
1s2 = [He]
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
The red circles represent energy levels
Li 3e-
1s2 2s1
or [He] 2s1
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4
All the electrons
that helium has
Be 4e-
1s2 2s2
or [He] 2s2
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 B 5e-
[He] 2s2 2p1
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 C 6e-
[He]2s2 2p2
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 N 7e-
[He]2s2 2p3
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 O 8e-
[He]2s2 2p4
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 F 9e-
[He]2s2 2p5
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ne 10e-
[He]2s2 2p6 2nd energy level is full!
All the electrons
that helium has
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ne 10e-
[He]2s2 2p6 = [Ne]
Neon’s ten electrons
Neon is a noble gas
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Na 11e-
[Ne]3s1
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Mg 12e-
[Ne]3s2
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Al 13e-
[Ne]3s2 3p1
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Si 14e-
[Ne]3s2 3p2
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 P 15e-
[Ne]3s2 3p3
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 S 16e-
[Ne]3s2 3p4
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Cl 17e-
[Ne]3s2 3p5
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ar 18e-
[Ne]3s2 3p6
Neon’s ten
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ar 18e-
[Ne]3s2 3p6 = [Ar]
Argon is a noble gasArgon’s
18 electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 K 19e-
[Ar]4s1
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ca 20e-
[Ar]4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Sc 21e-
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Sc 21e-
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
Transition metals have their highest energy electrons in inner d orbitals
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ti 22e-
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
Transition metals have their highest energy electrons in inner d orbitals
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 V 23e-
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Cr 24e-
[Ar] 3d4 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Mn 25e-
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Fe 26e-
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Co 27e-
[Ar] 3d7 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ni 28e-
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Cu 29e-
[Ar] 3d9 4s2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Zn 30e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 The 3rd energy level is full!
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ga 31e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Ge 32e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 As 33e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Se 34e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Br 35e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Kr 36e-
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6
Argon’s 18
electrons
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Kr 36e-
[Ar]3d104s24p6 = [Kr]
Krypton is a noble gaskrypton’s
36 electrons
5
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Filling orbitals
Positive nucleus
12
3
4 Rb 37e-
[Kr] 5s1
Krypton is a noble gaskrypton’s
36 electrons
5
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And so on and so forth……