Lecture 6 - The Malayan Union
Transcript of Lecture 6 - The Malayan Union
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MPW 123
Malaysian Studies
By
Hj. Kamal Abd Razak
MBA Techno-Entrepreneurship
012-6550746
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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MALAYAN UNION
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MALAYAN UNION (KESATUAN MALAYA)
Soon after the Japanese occupation, the
British came back to Malaya and
introduced temporary military government
or BMA (British Military Administration).
On 1stApril 1946, the British replaced
BMA with the Malayan Union.
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British MilitaryAdministration$10,000 Note
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Why British Introduced Malayan Union?
To combine all scattered administration
into one.
The unification was to assist
administration and saved expenditure.
To enforce defence and boost economic
recovery and progress.
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Why British Introduced Malayan
Union?
To prepare for the locals for own
government.
British owed to the Chinese and the
Indians whom helped them in fighting with
the Japanese.
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FEATURES OF THE MALAYAN UNION
Rulers sovereignty would be abolished -
they would only have the authority in
Islamic affairs and customs.
State council would be under the central
government.
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FEATURES OF THE MALAYAN UNION
All races would be given equal rightsJusSoli Principle
- Malayan citizenship was obtained if
(a) the foreigner was 18 and above andhad resided in Malaya for 10 out 15 yearsbefore 15 February 1942.
(b) a person who born in Malaya after theforming of the Malayan Union.
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FEATURES OF THE MALAYAN UNION
Equal rights for all citizens regardless of
race or origin.
This includes the entry into government
services and the right to vote in the
general election.
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Opposition against the Malayan Union
Harold Mac Michael succeeded in getting
the Rulers signatures through intimidation.
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Opposition against the Malayan
Union
Dato Onn Jaafar, a Malay nationalist, ledthe
Malays to oppose:
a) Mac Michaels intimidation to the MalayRulers
b) Loss of Rulers powers
c) Effects on the position of the Malaysd) Fear that the non-Malays would
outnumber the Malays
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Opposition against the Malayan Union
March 1946, the Malayan Malay Congress
chaired by Dato Onn met in Kuala
Lumpur, attended by 41 organisations,
opposed the formation of the MalayanUnion, held demonstrations at major
towns, established the United Malays
National Organisation (UMNO) to protectMalay interests
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MALAYAN UNION DEMONSTRATION
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Opposition against the Malayan
Union
A group of former British officers like Frank
Swettenham also opposed
http://www.nga.gov.au/Exhibition/Edwardians/Detail.cfm?IRN=127078&ViewID=2http://www.nga.gov.au/Exhibition/Edwardians/Detail.cfm?IRN=127078&ViewID=2 -
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Opposition against the Malayan
Union
Non-Malays formed the Malayan
Democratic Union (MDU), formation of the
Malayan Union undemocratic, Singapore
not included.
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Opposition against the Malayan
Union
The British government ignored all
protests and Malayan Union was
proclaimed on 1 April 1946.
Edward Gent became the Governor of the
Malayan Union.
Malay Rulers boycotted the installation
ceremony.
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THE FAILURE OF MALAYAN UNION
The Malayan Union constitution forced
the Malays to think in new direction.
The Malays felt their position threatened
because of the Jus Soli principle.
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THE FAILURE OF MALAYAN UNION
The Malayan Union would eradicate the
power and sovereignty of the Malays
Rulers.
Sir Harold Mac Michael threatened and
forced the Malay Rulers to accept the
Malayan Union.
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THE FAILURE OF MALAYAN UNION
The British government refused to accept
the Malays proposal on Malayan Union.
Sir Harold Mac Michael threats on Malay
Rulers challenged the Malay sovereign.
the previous British Administrators in
Malaya supported the Malay up rise.
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THE LOCAL UPRISE AGAINST THE
MALAYAN UNION
Dato Onn lead the Malays against the MalayanUnion and instilled national spirit among them.
He established Pergerakan MelayuSemenanjung (Peninsular Malay Movement) inJanuary 1946 to defend the rights of the Malays.
He chaired the Pan-Malayan Malay Congressmeeting on 29th and 30thMarch 1946 in KualaLumpur.
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THE LOCAL UPRISE AGAINST THE
MALAYAN UNION
Through this congress the Malays wasadvised to boycott the Malayan Union andunite to stage demonstrations on 1stApril
1946. The Malay rulers were advised not to
attend the appointment ceremony ofEdward Gent as the first Governor of theMalayan Union.
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THE LOCAL UPRISE AGAINST THE
MALAYAN UNION
United Malay National Organisation (UMNO)was formed by Dato Onn on 11thMay 1946.
Umno slogan at that time was Hidup Melayuand Hidup Bangsa Melayu (Long Live Malaysand Long Live the Malay Race) then changed toMerdeka (Independent).
The strong fight against the Malayan Union by
the Malays caused the Malayan Union to beabolished.
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Thank You