Lecture 21
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Transcript of Lecture 21
Lecture 21
I am Monarcha Scholarum, I am Paracelsus;
One whisker on my cheek owns more intelligence than all of you!
Come, let me fill you with stories of men-Not just of men - but of scientists!
- Paracelsus
History of Geology and the interpretation of strata
Webpage for course (daytime)
Webpage for course (nighttime)
Changes to schedule:
Lab final moved back 1 weekfrom 12/1 to 12/8
Lecture Test III moved from 12/7 to 12/2(12/6 to 12/1 nighttime class)
For revised syllabus, see
http://www.umpi.maine.edu/~mccartnk/pg10fdrv.htm
The Greeks
Determined the Earth was roundEstimated its approximate sizeSome advanced idea that Earth @ SunBuilt steam engines, accurate clocksOne (Archimedes) believed fossils to be
remains of ancient animals
The Greeks
Aristotle (circa 350 BCE)
Aristotle
Four properties
Four elements Transmutation of elements
History continues…
Romans (circa 100 BCE to 400 CE)Dark Ages (circa up to 1000 CE)Middle Ages (1200, 1300…)RENAISSANCE
to 1500s
Double, double, toil and troubleFire, burn and cauldron bubbleFilet of a fenny snakeIn a caudron boil and bakeEye of newt, toe of frogWool of bat and tounge of dog…For a charm of powerful troubleLike a hellbroth boil and bubble
Geology? -- THE GREAT DELUGE
Diluvialism
How olde was the Earth?
Bishop Ussher October 26, 4004 BC, 9:00 am
Interpretations of Geologic History
DiluvialismCatastrophismNeptunism
Abraham Werner
Werner
Interpretations of Geologic History
DiluvialismCatastrophismNeptunism
PlutonismJames Hutton
Hutton (and Nicholas Steno)
Principle of UNIFORMITARIANISM
Principle of Original Horizontality
Principle of Superposition
Principle of Cross-cutting relationships
Principle of Superposition
Fig. 18-3, pg. 420
Principle of Cross-cutting relationships
Fig. 18-5, pg. 421
Wm. “Strata” SmithCanals
Principle of Faunal Succession
Wm. “Strata” SmithGeologic map of England
Charles Lyell“Principles of Geology”
Major discoveries since Lyell
Importance of glaciers (1840s)
Plate Tectonics (presented, 1915,
accepted, 1960s)