PSYCHOSOCIAL PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

ERIK H ERIKSONERIK H ERIKSON

THE ID AND THE EGO THE ID AND THE EGO

• ID ID PLEASURE PRINCIPLE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE ATTEMPS TO OBTAIN PLEASURE ATTEMPS TO OBTAIN PLEASURE OR GRATIFICATIONOR GRATIFICATION

• EGO EGO REALITY PRINCIPLE REALITY PRINCIPLE ADJUST TO AND DEAL WITH ADJUST TO AND DEAL WITH REALITYREALITY

IMPLICATIONS OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE EGOEGO

• THE FUNCTION OF THE EGO THE FUNCTION OF THE EGO ADJUSTMENT TO THE DEMANDS ADJUSTMENT TO THE DEMANDS OF REALITYOF REALITY

• ERIKSON ERIKSON CONSIDER THE CONSIDER THE CONTEXT OF THE SOCIETY IN CONTEXT OF THE SOCIETY IN WHICH THE CHILD IS GROWING UPWHICH THE CHILD IS GROWING UP

• STESSES THE INTERRELATION OF STESSES THE INTERRELATION OF THE EGO AND THE SOCIETAL THE EGO AND THE SOCIETAL FORCES AFFECTING ITFORCES AFFECTING IT

CRITICAL PERIODSCRITICAL PERIODS

• MATURATIONAL TIMETABLEMATURATIONAL TIMETABLE• EACH STAGE IS A CRITICAL EACH STAGE IS A CRITICAL

PERIODPERIOD• A PERSON HAS ONLY A LIMITED A PERSON HAS ONLY A LIMITED

TIME TO DEVELOP EACH STAGE TIME TO DEVELOP EACH STAGE SPECIFIC CAPABILITYSPECIFIC CAPABILITY

• THERE ARE NO SECOND THERE ARE NO SECOND CHANCES IN DEVELOPMENTCHANCES IN DEVELOPMENT

CRITICAL PERIODSCRITICAL PERIODS

• DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN EACH DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN EACH PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE ARE PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE ARE CRITICAL FOR THE FINAL CRITICAL FOR THE FINAL DEVELOPMENT OF A FULLY DEVELOPMENT OF A FULLY INTEGRATEDINTEGRATED

STAGES OF STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

1.1. The Oral-Sensory Stage (0 – 18 mounth)The Oral-Sensory Stage (0 – 18 mounth)2.2. The Anal-Musculature Stage ( 18 mo – 3 The Anal-Musculature Stage ( 18 mo – 3

years)years)3.3. The Genital-Locomotor Stage (3 – 5 The Genital-Locomotor Stage (3 – 5

years)years)4.4. Latency (6 – 11 years)Latency (6 – 11 years)5.5. Puberty and Adolescence (12 – 21 years)Puberty and Adolescence (12 – 21 years)6.6. Young Adulthood (21 – 35 years)Young Adulthood (21 – 35 years)7.7. Adulthood (35 – 55 years)Adulthood (35 – 55 years)8.8. Maturity (55 Maturity (55 ) )

The Oral-Sensory StageThe Oral-Sensory Stage

• Trust Trust ----------- ----------- Mistrust Mistrust• Pleasant sensory experiences Pleasant sensory experiences

sense of basic trustsense of basic trust• Unpleasant Unpleasant sense of mistrust sense of mistrust• The emotional crisis The emotional crisis Trust versus Trust versus

MistrustMistrust• Complete trust or complete Complete trust or complete

mistrust? mistrust?

The Anal-Musculature The Anal-Musculature StageStage

• Autonomy Autonomy ------- ------- Shame and Doubt Shame and Doubt• Infant must learn WHEN TO HOLD ON and Infant must learn WHEN TO HOLD ON and

WHEN TO LET GO of all his bodily musclesWHEN TO LET GO of all his bodily muscles• Must develop the capability of being able to Must develop the capability of being able to

control his own overall bodily movementscontrol his own overall bodily movements• The ability to control himself The ability to control himself a sense of a sense of

autonomyautonomy• Inability to control himself Inability to control himself shame and shame and

doubtdoubt

The Genital-Locomotor The Genital-Locomotor StageStage

• Initiative Initiative -------- -------- GuiltGuilt• If the child is to successfully resolve If the child is to successfully resolve

the oedipal conflict he must begin to the oedipal conflict he must begin to INDEPENDENTLY move away from INDEPENDENTLY move away from the parental figures the parental figures he must be he must be able by himself to move freely in able by himself to move freely in interaction with his environment interaction with his environment sense of initiativesense of initiative

• Reverse side Reverse side sense of guilt sense of guilt

LatencyLatency

• Industry Industry ------ ------ Inferiority Inferiority• Enter the schoolEnter the school• Learns any kind of skillsLearns any kind of skills• Learns what to do and how to do Learns what to do and how to do

sense of industrysense of industry• If he feels that he fail to learn it If he feels that he fail to learn it

sense of inferioritysense of inferiority

Puberty and AdolescencePuberty and Adolescence

• Identity Identity ------ ------ Role Confusion Role Confusion (identity diffusion(identity diffusion

• Feeling about WHO HE IS and Feeling about WHO HE IS and WHAT HE CAN DOWHAT HE CAN DO

• Who am I? Who am I? Self definition Self definition• Identity crisisIdentity crisis• Find his role in society Find his role in society sense of sense of

identityidentity

Young AdulthoodYoung Adulthood

• Intimacy Intimacy --------- --------- Isolation Isolation• Form a relationship with another Form a relationship with another

personperson• Must be able to give of himself Must be able to give of himself

totally (feelings, ideas, goals, totally (feelings, ideas, goals, attitude and values) attitude and values)

• Give and take Give and take

AdulthoodAdulthood

• Generativity Generativity ------- ------- Stagnation Stagnation• Playing the role of a productive and Playing the role of a productive and

contributing member of society contributing member of society sense of generativitysense of generativity

• Reverse side Reverse side sense of stagnation sense of stagnation

MaturityMaturity

• Ego Integrity Ego Integrity ------- ------- DespairDespair• If he has successfully progressed If he has successfully progressed

through his previous stages of through his previous stages of development development sense of ego integrity sense of ego integrity feel a full and complete life feel a full and complete life

• If he has failures through his previous If he has failures through his previous stages stages Sense of Despair Sense of Despair

Learning taskLearning task

• Differentiate between Erikson and Differentiate between Erikson and Freud’s Developmental theoryFreud’s Developmental theory

• Discuss the ego implication in social Discuss the ego implication in social lifelife

• Why does each stage in Psychosocial Why does each stage in Psychosocial Development is critical period?Development is critical period?

• What kind of psychosocial needs that What kind of psychosocial needs that should be fulfilled in each stageshould be fulfilled in each stage

• Differentiate the mature personality Differentiate the mature personality and immature personality and immature personality

• Brown family is a kind of family Brown family is a kind of family which is devoted to God. One day, which is devoted to God. One day, the family was shocked because the family was shocked because their son, Sam (19 yrs) is being their son, Sam (19 yrs) is being caught by the police in a drug party. caught by the police in a drug party. Please discuss what makes Sam Please discuss what makes Sam involved in drug.involved in drug.