Lecture 11. September 19, 2008.

Fish Friday #1

A. Osteoglossomorpha - Blake Bushman & Blake Ruebush

B. Elopomorpha & Clupeomorpha

Note - Please read the Grunbaum paper for Monday! We willdiscuss this in class.

Elopomorpha

Elopomorpha

Leptocephalus larva

Elopomorpha

• Order Elopiformes - ladyfishes and tarpon

Elopomorpha

Anguilla rostrataAmerican eel

Gulper eels

Garden or worm eels

Elopomorpha

• Order Anguilliformes- true eels

• Family Muraenidae - moray eels

carry ciguatera toxin

Simenchelys parasiticussnubnose parasitic eel.

parasitic fish living insidea shark heart

Clupeomorpha

Clupeiformes-herrings, anchovies, shads

Clupeidae - shads & herrings

Engraulidae - anchovies

Clupeomorpha

Clupeiformes-herrings, anchovies, shads

Clupeomorpha

Clupeidae-herrings, sardines, and shads

Clupeomorpha

Clupeidae-herrings, sardines, and shads

• Illinois - Five species, two non-native

• Found in large rivers, lakes, reservoirs

Alosa Dorosoma

Group Activity #1 -Draw the phylogenetic tree & distinguishing traits for:

group a - Myxiniformes, Gnathostomata, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes

group b - Petromyzontiformes, Elasmobranchii, Holocephali,Sarcopterygii, Actinopterygii

group c - Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Sarcopterygii, Actinopterygii

group d - Myxiniformes, Petromyzontiformes, Chondrichthyes,Sarcopterygii

Group Activity #3 - Design a dichotomous key that would allow one to distinguish these groups

For example . . .

Step 1 - lacks vertebrae --> Myxiniformesif not --> go to step 2

Step 2 - lacks jaws --> Petromyzontiformesif not --> go to step 3

Review Questions

1. Describe the body shapes of tarpon, bonefish, eels, and gulper eels. What trait unites these seemingly disparate group of fish?

2. Describe the life-history of catadromous eels. What does it mean to be catadromous?

3. According to your book, why are tarpon (elopiforms) considered to be primitiveteleosts?

4. Who are the clupeiforms? Where do they generally occur? Why are theyimportant? Which clupeiforms occur in Illinois?

5. What does it mean to have an otophysic connection? What are the consequencesof such a structure?