Lección21

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Lesson 21: Summer SunVocabulario

bringPronunciación[brɪŋ]

Definición(verb) To come to a place with somebody/something.

EjemploThe waiter will bring our drinks soon.

carryPronunciación['kæri]

Definición(verb) To support the weight of somebody/something and take them or it from place toplace; to take somebody/something from one place to another.

EjemploMy suitcase is so heavy it is hard to carry.

dreamPronunciación[driːm]

Definición(verb) A series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in the mind during sleep.

EjemploI am dreaming of sun, sea and sand. I can't wait for my holiday!

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flyPronunciación[flaɪ]

Definición1. (verb) Move through the air.2. (noun) A large flying insect with a single pair of transparent wings.

EjemploThey are flying to Greece on Saturday.

laughPronunciación[lɑːf]

Definición1. (verb) Make sounds and movements that express amusement.2. (noun) An act of laughing.

EjemploI love to laugh, loud and long and clear.

look atPronunciación[ˈlʊk ət]

Definición(phrasal verb) To examine something closely. To view or consider something in aparticular way.

EjemploThere are lots of interesting things to look at when you visit a new place.

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look forPronunciación['lʊk fɔː(r)]

Definición(phrasal verb) To search for something.Synonym: Search.

EjemploI can't find my toys. I am going to look for them.

pick upPronunciación[ˈpɪk ˈəp]

Definición(phrasal verb) Go somewhere to collect someone/something. To improve or increase.

EjemploI'm going to pick up my girlfriend from the airport.

pointPronunciación[pɔɪnt]

Definición1. (verb) To direct someone's attention in a particular direction by extending one's finger.2. (noun) The sharp end of a tool, weapon, or other object.

EjemploThe signs are there to point us in the right direction.

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put onPronunciación['pʊt 'ɒn]

Definición(phrasal verb) To place clothes/other items onto the body.

EjemploDon't forget to put on lots of suncream.

rainPronunciación[reɪn]

Definición1. (verb) Rain that falls .2. (noun) Weather: Moisture in the atmosphere which falls visibly in separate drops.

EjemploA lot of heavy rain causes floods.

smilePronunciación[smʌɪl]

Definición1. (verb) Move features into a pleased, friendly, or amused expression, with the corners ofthe mouth turned up.2. (noun) A smiling expression.

Ejemplo''Peace begins with a smile.'' - Mother Teresa.

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take offPronunciación['teɪk ɒf]

Definición(phrasal verb) Remove something (get undressed). The moment at which an aircraftleaves the ground and starts to fly.

EjemploI don't like the part where the plane takes off. I'm a bit scared of flying.

wavePronunciación[weɪv]

Definición1. (verb) Move one's hand to and fro in greeting.2. (noun) A ridge of water curling into an arch and breaking on the shore.

EjemploThe waves are perfect for surfing.

throwPronunciación[θrəʊ]

Definición(verb) To send something from your hand through the air by moving your hand or armquickly.

EjemploThrow me the ball!

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Lesson 21: Summer SunGramática: Tense vs. Tense

Present Simple vs Present ContinuousThe Present Simple is used when talking about habitual actions in the present tense:

On Mondays, I go to the supermarket. (Every Monday)He sleeps 8 hours every night. (Always)

The Present Continuous is used when talking about something happening now or once/temporaryactions:

I am going to the supermarket on Monday. (This week only)Is he sleeping now? (Now)

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Lesson 21: Summer SunGramática: Superlative Adjectives

SuperlativesA superlative is a grammatical description for adjectives which imply that something surpasseseverything else.

The superlative adjective is preceded by 'the' and the '-er' ending is replaced by '-est'.NOTE: The same spelling rules for comparatives apply for superlatives, i.e. if the adjective ends in '-e'we only add '-st'.

Comparative Superlative

Clean Cleaner The cleanest

Old Older The oldest

Strong Stronger The strongest

Nice Nicer The nicest

Fine Finer The finest

SuperlativesWhen the word ends consonant vowel consonant we must double the final consonant except when theword ends in '-W', '-X' and '-Y'.

Examples:

Comparative Superlative

Hot Hotter The hottest

Sad Sadder The saddest

Thin Thinner The thinnest

Grey Greyer The greyest

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Lesson 21: Summer SunFonética

Basic Superlative Pronunciation Practice Part 1The pronunciation of the adjective doesn't change when pronouncing its superlative form.Add [əst] to represent -est.

NOTE: Except when the adjective ends in -ng [ŋ], we add an extra [g] sound before the -est ending.

Clean [klɪːn] Cleaner ['klɪːnə]The Cleanest ['ðə

'klɪːnəst]

Old [əʊld] Older ['əʊldə]The Oldest ['ðɪ

'əʊldəst]

Strong [strɒŋ]Stronger['strɒŋgə]

The strongest['ðə 'strɒŋgəst]

Nice [naɪs] Nicer ['naɪsə]The nicest ['ðə

'naɪsəst]

Square [skweə]Squarer

['skweərə]The squarest ['ðə

'skweərəst]

Fine [faɪn] Finer ['faɪnə]The finest ['ðə

'faɪnəst]

Punctuation Rules: Comma Part 11) Use commas to separate a series of three or more words. This avoids confusion.- The pizza will be divided among your dad, mum, sister, and brother.Omitting the comma after 'sister' indicates that the sister and brother have to share one-third of thepizza.

2) Use a comma to separate two adjectives when the word 'and' can be inserted between them.- He is a tall, healthy man.- I am watching a funny Spanish film.You would not say 'funny and Spanish film', so no comma is used.

3) Use a comma when an '-ly' adjective is used with other adjectives.NOTE: To decide if an '-ly' word is an adjective, check if it can be used alone with the noun. If it can,use the comma.- Your grandmother is a friendly, old lady.- Japanese is an incredibly difficult language.'Incredibly' is not an adjective because it can't be used alone with 'language'; therefore, no comma isused between 'incredibly' and 'difficult'.

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Lesson 21: Summer SunDiálogo

What are you doing? Vs. What do you do? 1WilliamHello, Sue. What are you doing here?SueMorning, William. Well, I usually go to work by car but today I'm going to work by bus.WilliamThat's funny! I normally ride my bike to work but today I'm going by bus too.

What are you doing? Vs. What do you do? 2DanielWilliam, what do you do during the week?WilliamOn Mondays I go to the gym. On Tuesdays I watch TV or read a book at home on thesofa. On Wednesdays I play pool with friends in the pub. On Thursdays I do the foodshopping. And, on Fridays I normally have dinner with my wife, but this Friday we aregetting a train to London and we are visiting a friend for the weekend.

Summer SunSueLaura, what do you prefer to do during the summer?LauraI prefer to stay by the pool rather than going to the beach.SueReally? Why's that?LauraWell, the beach is OK, to look at, but I hate the sand. I hate spending ten minutes puttingsuncream on and then getting absolutely covered in sand!I prefer relaxing and when I'm too hot, diving into a nice clean pool. That is my idea of aperfect summer's day.

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