Lec 1-Intro to Computer
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Transcript of Lec 1-Intro to Computer
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What is a computer, its category and component
To become familiar with computer software, computer
hardware and computer environments
To know about the history of programming languages
To understand writing, editing, compiling, and linking
programs
Objectives
Chapter 1 : Introduction To Computers
And Programming Language
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4asic !ardware omponents
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Computer !o"tare
"oftware is divided into ' categories
"oftware
"ystem "oftware Application "oftware
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!#stem !o"tare
5ormally supplied by the manufacturer of thecomputer
onsists of utility programs and operating aids that
facilitate the use and performance of the computer
%ncludes the computers operating system
-elated software that manages the systems resources
and control the operations of the hardware.
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App$ication !o"tare
1esigned to perform a specific task such as course
registration or banking and a general&purpose such as
processor (eg. s Word+
ay be ac6uired by purchasing off&the&shelf or bydesigning for own purpose (custome made+
0ff&the&shelf # prewritten and ready to use
ustom made # written by in&house, consulting firm orsoftware house
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Where are the application and system
software7
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Computing %nvironment
)ersonal omputing
Time&"haring
lient 8 "erver omputing
%nternet omputing
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)ersonal computing environment
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Time&sharing environment
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Histor# O" Computer Languages
omputer language evolution
The on$# $anguage understood b# a computer is
machine $anguage
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$.achine 9anguage
omputer only understand this language.
"eries of $s and :s
1ifficult to write.
9ow level language
'. "ymbolic 9anguage
*ni6ue to particular computer.
*se mnemonics symbols. ;.g. ultiply
;asier to understand.
Histor# O" Computer Languages &cont'(
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. !igh&9evel 9anguage
)ortable to many different computers.
%nstruction are coded
;g. 0409 (4usiness+, ?0-T-A5 ("cientific+,
4A"%, )ascal, , @@, ava etc.
/. 5atural 9anguage
9ike our natural language (such as ;nglish, ?rench, or
hinese+
%ts use is still 6uite limited.
Histor# O" Computer Languages &cont'(
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Program )eve$opment
A computer understands a program only if the programis coded in its machine language.
)rogrammer have to write the program and turn it into
an e3ecutable (machine language+ file.
)rogrammer have to understand the problem &B breakinto actions&B e3ecute by the computer.
steps in the process #
&Writing and editing program
&ompiling the program
&9inking the program
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Program )eve$opment
"teps in the solution must be written in a programming
language (the source code+&B use te*t editor'
"ource code(source file+ must be converted into machine codes
that the computers microprocessor can understand&compi$ed(+,
done bycompi$er'
C-- Compi$er . preprocessor &scan "or preprocessor
directive(
+ trans$ation &converting the program to
machine language+
Lin/erassembles other functions into e*ecutab$e program.
Loaderlocates the e3ecutable programs and reads it into
memory and control is given to the programs to begin
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