Learning Theories & ICT 260913
description
Transcript of Learning Theories & ICT 260913
Learning Theories and ICT
Prepared for
Dr. Simin Ghavifekr
Madam Hazline Mahmood (Hazel) PGD 120003
PXGM6106 Information Technology In Educational Management
26th September 2013
PRESENTATION OUTCOMES
d
iscuss Learning Theories & ICT applications1.B
ehaviourist Theory2.C
ognitive TheoryI
nformation processingC
onstructivist
define ISD (Instructional System Design) & describe at least one ISD Model
EFFECTIVE LEARNING
Which Theory used in e-Learning?
BEHAVIOURIST THEORY
L
earning as ‘conditioning’: behaviour as responses to stimuli – an individual
responds to a stimulus by behaving in a particular way
R
einforced by reward/punishment & link to motivation: E/I C
omputer-based ‘instructional’ programmes: learning broken down into small chunks; input - ‘drill-and-practise’; test - feedback
Believes : Repetition beneficial/essential
Computer doesn’t get bored
Non-judgemental feedback
Individualisation possible
COGNITIVE: INFORMATION PROCESSGARDNER’S MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
1. Visual – Pictures & images2. Linguistic – Words3. Logical & Mathematical –
Numbers & Reasoning4. Musical – Tone, Rhythm &
Timbre5. Bodily & Kinaesthetic – Body,
Hands6. Naturalistic – Environment7. Interpersonal – Social
understanding8. Intrapersonal – Self knowledge
COGNITIVE: CONSTRUCTIVISM(PIAGET)
S
tages of mental development
(concrete
to abstract; sequential; age related)
A
ssimilation (new information fitted into existing mental model)
A
ccommodation (new information modifies the existing mental model)
I
ndependent learner
VYGOTSKY: SOCIAL ‘INTERACTIVISM’/ SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM
L
earning in a socio-cultural environment
I
mportance of language (especially talk or reflection)
‘
Significant others’ who are more knowledgeable
Z
one of Proximal Development (ZPD) (explore new territory by yourself
compared to being shown round by a guide with local knowledge)
Which Theory used in e-Learning?
ICT & LEARNING THEORIES
ICT may be seen as mediating learning , Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Impact on roles and relationships:
teacher-pupil
pupil-teacher
pupil-pupilI
CT shifts the balance of power
Emergence of Instructional System Design (ISD)
Instructional System Design(ISD)
I
SD is unique simply because it is both a science and an art.
A “science because it is rooted in learning theories…
and an art because the designing of instructional materials
is a highly creative process”.
(
Moore, Bates & Grundling, 2002, p.71)
ISD- a set of Theories which sorts out Learning Resources so that Learning Outcomes are better achieved and are done so at a faster rate.
It
answers these questions:-
1.What
occurs during the learning process?
2.What
influence learning?
3.How
does learning facilitated?
4.How
does memory play a part in information transfer?
ISD MODEL 1:ADDIE
ISD MODEL 2: ASSURE
ISD MODEL 3: SPIRAL
CONCLUSION
Basic Learning Theories are:
1.
Behaviorism
2. Cognitivism-I
nformation Processing-C
onstructivism (Almost all e-
Learning is based on this theory)
I
SD is a set of Learning Theories which sort out learning resources (ICT) so that learning is
enhanced.
A
DDIE, ASSURE & SPIRAL are examples of ISD models.