LEARNING STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY LEARNER IN

WRITING CLASS DURING ONLINE CLASS

THESIS

By:

Bagus Dermawan

201410100311145

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2021

LEARNING STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY LEARNER IN

WRITING CLASS DURING ONLINE CLASS

THESIS

By:

Bagus Dermawan

201410100311145

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2021

iii

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Happiness cannot bought by money, but a peace of mind and soul

I dedicate this thesis to my family, friends, and every person which has become my

motivation in achieving my bachelor degree.

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vi

LEARNING STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY LEARNER IN WRITING

CLASS DURING ONLINE CLASS

ABSTRACT

During Pandemic, traditional classes are not allowed to be held anymore.

Online class is the alternative taken in order to proceed with the teacher and learning

process which is applied in ELED UMM. As online learning changes the way of

teaching and learning process, there will be new challenges especially for the

learners to cope with the new environment. Learning strategy is the way learners

cope with the challenges they meet in their learning process. The researcher tried to

study about the learning strategies employed by learners in writing class during

online class. The objectives of this study are to identify learning strategies

employed and the most common strategy used in writing class during online class.

This research applied quantitative research design using questionnaire as the

main data and qualitative research design using interview as the secondary data.

The researcher took 63 random ELED UMM students in the academic year 2018 as

samples. The samples were chosen because they experienced writing class in online

learning environment.

The result of this study questionnaire showed that learners are equally using

all of the categories of writing strategies among rhetoric, metacognitive, cognitive,

communicative, and social/affective strategies. The most common strategy used by

learners is rhetoric strategies. The result of the interviews also confirm the result of

the main data.

Keywords: Learning Strategy, Writing, Online Learning

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The researcher would like to say a deepest gratitude to everyone who

directly and or indirectly gave his or her hand to help the researcher finishing this

thesis:

1. All praises to Allah The Almighty God for His endless blessing and guide,

so that I always find a way and strength to cope with every obstacle during

finishing this work.

2. My first advisor, Bayu H. Wicaksono, M.Ed.,Ph.D., who, despite having

many important things to do, always gave his time to guide me patiently

with his resourceful knowledge and skill. I will never forget his sincere help

and contribution.

3. My second advisor, Masyhud, M.Ed., kindly help me in looking for

solutions every time I feel confused in this research. I would like to say my

sincere thanks to him for the advice he gave to me.

4. My family and friends who always support and believe in me.

Malang, 19 June 2021

Bagus Dermawan

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Approval ........................................................................................................ iii

Mottos and Dedications................................................................................. iv

Letter of Authenticity .................................................................................... v

Abstract ......................................................................................................... vi

Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... vii

Table of Contents .......................................................................................... viii

List of Tables................................................................................................. ix

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1

1.1 Research Background........................................................................ 1

1.2 Research Problems ............................................................................ 4

1.3 Research Objectives .......................................................................... 4

1.4 Research Significance ....................................................................... 3

1.5 Scope and Limitation ........................................................................ 5

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ................................................................... 5

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ............................ 7

2.1 Learning Strategy .............................................................................. 7

2.1.1 The Importance of Learning Strategies .......................................... 8

2.2. Classification of Strategies ............................................................... 8

2.2.1 Direct Learning Strategies ............................................................. 9

2.2.2 Indirect Learning Strategies ........................................................... 9

2.3 Writing .............................................................................................. 11

2.3.1 Classroom Writing Activities ......................................................... 12

2.3.2 Writing Strategy ............................................................................. 14

2.4 Online Learning ................................................................................ 15

2.4.1 Advantages of Online Learning ..................................................... 16

2.4.2 Disadvantages of Online Learning ................................................. 18

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ...................................................... 21

3.1 Research Design ................................................................................ 21

3.2 Population and Sample ...................................................................... 22

3.3 Data Collection.................................................................................. 24

3.3.1 Research Instrument ....................................................................... 24

3.3.2 Data Collection Procedure ............................................................. 25

3.4 Data Analysis .................................................................................... 26

CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ........................................ 27

4.1 Findings ............................................................................................. 27

4.1.1 Questionnaire Validity Result ........................................................ 27

4.1.2 Questionnaire Reliability Result .................................................... 29

4.1.3 Learning Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing Class

during Online Class ........................................................................ 30

4.2 Discussion ............................................................................................... 36

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ............................... 41

5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 41

5.2 Suggestion ......................................................................................... 42

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

ix

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1.1 Questionnaire Validity Result .................................................... 27

Table 4.1.2 Questionnaire Reliability Result ................................................ 29

Table 4.1.3 Learning Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing Class .... 30

Table 4.1.3.1 Rhetoric Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing Class 30

Table 4.1.3.1 Metacognitive Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing

Class ....................................................................................... 31

Table 4.1.3.1 Cognitive Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing Class

................................................................................................ 33

Table 4.1.3.1 Communicative Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing

Class ....................................................................................... 34

Table 4.1.3.1 Social Strategies Employed by Learners in Writing Class .... 35

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