Learning Objective: SWBAT demonstrate how scientists solve problems by utilizing the steps of the...
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Learning Objective: SWBAT demonstrate how scientists solve problems by utilizing the steps of the scientific method Do Now: Explain the difference between an opinion , an inference and an assumption HW: Read pages 8-10 and 14-15. Answer questions on page 32 # 13-15 and 19-21 Thursday September 6, 2012
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Transcript of Learning Objective: SWBAT demonstrate how scientists solve problems by utilizing the steps of the...
Learning Objective: SWBAT demonstrate how scientists solve problems by utilizing the steps of the scientific method
Do Now: Explain the difference between an opinion, an inference and an assumption
HW: Read pages 8-10 and 14-15. Answer questions on page 32 # 13-15 and 19-21
Thursday September 6, 2012
Learning Objective: Students Will Be Able To set up a controlled experiment
Do Now: Which of the following would be a correct hypothesis for an experiment?
1. will plants grow tall with more sunlight?
2. If plants are exposed to more sunlight,
then they will grow taller
Using the hypothesis, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this experiment
HW: finish lab
Friday September 7, 2011
OPINIONS
Ideas people have that may or may not be true
Opinions are often biased andshould not be included in science
INFERENCES
A conclusion or based on observations.
ASSUMPTIONSA statement that you believe to be true,
but cannot be proven. All scientists should not make assumptions.
EvidenceSupport for the idea that
something is true
How do scientists solve problems?
SCIENTIFIC METHOD!
A process that is used to logically solve problems
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
STEPS:• Problem• Observation• Research• Hypothesis• Experiment• Results/Data• Conclusion
PROBLEM• Something that needs to be solved!
• QUESTION?????
Our Problem
How does our heart rate change after exercise?
OBSERVATION
Through our 5 senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and
sight
Our Observations
heart rate tends to increase after we exercise.
RESEARCH•The gathering of information related to your problem.
•How could we gather this research?
Our Research
LibraryScientific Journals
Internet Sources
HYPOTHESIS
• An educated guess based upon your observations
• Written as an if……. Then……. Statement
• NOT A QUESTION!!!!!!!• Must be testable
Examples of Hypotheses
If this chemical is applied to plant leaves, then the plant will grow faster.
Chemical+
If this chemical is safe, then it will not harm us when it is added to our
drinking water.
Our Hypothesis
If a person does 30 Jumping Jacks, then his/her heart rate will increase.
EXPERIMENT
A procedure to test the validity of our hypothesis
Controlled experiment Control group:
• Gets the normal treatment• Used to compare the experimental
group to
Experimental groupGets the substance or the treatment you are testing.
Our Controlled Experiment
We are going to design an experiment that will allow us to measure heart rate
after we exercise.
In our Exercise Experiment, which is the
control group and which is the experimental group?
Control no exercise
Experimental
exercise
Variables
factors that can change
Independent (manipulated) –
what the scientist controls or changes.
Our experiment: Exercise
Dependent (responding)
the variable that is observed and that changes because of the independent variable. Data (measureable)
Our experiment: Heart Rate
Constant
variables that are the same in each group.
Both groups should be treated the same except for the
independent variable
Our Experiment: Age, Exercise Type, Time of Day,
etc…)
Sample size?
The bigger the sample size, the better the results or conclusion will
be.
How many people should we use?
The number of “things” included in group.
VS
Procedure1)Half the students will measure their
heart rate for 1 minute during rest and write it on a piece of paper.
2)Half the students will be instructed to complete 30 Jumping Jacks.
3)Those students who completed the Jumping Jacks will measure their heart rate for one minute and write it on a piece of paper.
RESULTS
• Data• Written records of observations
organized in a graph or table
CONCLUSION
Explanation of the results (i.e. Why did you get those results?)
How can we increase the validity of the experiment?
1. Use a larger sample size
2. Do the experiment again
Identify the Dependent and Independent Variable:
1)In an experiment studying the effect of sleep on student achievement.
2)In an experiment studying the effect of caffeine on worker performance.
3)In an experiment studying plant growth in different colors of light.
