Learning from Performance?
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STEVE RITCHIE, BRAMSHILL FELLOW, GRAMPIAN POLICE Learning from Performance?
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Learning from Performance?. Steve Ritchie, Bramshill Fellow, Grampian Police. Performance Management. Historical development What it means Its application in uk policing. History of Performance Management. Operations, Accounting, and Marketing perspectives - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Learning from Performance?
STEVE RITCHIE, BRAMSHILL FELLOW, GRAMPIAN POLICE
Learning from Performance?
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IT MEANS
ITS APPLICATION IN UK POLICING
Performance Management
History of Performance Management
Operations, Accounting, and Marketing perspectives
Post Japanese economic revivalReinventing Government (Osborne and Gaebler,
1992)Increasing awareness of models such as Balanced
Scorecard (Kaplan and Norton, 1992)
Not new!
Perspective on Performance
Provider or CustomerActual or ApparentCause and EffectIndividual or
OrganisationLeading or Lagging
indicators
Performance is a relative concept.
“Performance is not just something one observes and measures, it is the result of a deliberate construction” (Lebas and Euske 2002)
The Nature of Organisational Performance
Individual performance
Process performance
Strategic performance
Organisational performance
after Campbell (2006)
England & WalesEngland & Wales ScotlandScotland
Citizen’s Charter - Accounts Commission
New public management
Police reform agenda – “sustained focus on police performance”
Home Office driven
Audit ScotlandNIMDeveloping
Collaborative / Transformational
Enabling local control Accountability Learning /Continuous
Improvement
Performance Management in Policing
WHAT IS IT
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
MODELS OF OL
RELEVANCE
Organisational Learning
OL - Theoretical Framework
Source -(Easterby-Smith and Lyles 2003)
ProcesProcesss
ContentContent
TheoryTheory PracticPracticee
The Cycle of Organisational Learning
Hedberg (1981)
Elements of Organisational Learning
Information acquisition - the process by which knowledge is obtained
Information distribution - the process by which information from different sources is shared and thereby leads to new information and understanding
Information interpretation - the process by which distributed information is given one or more commonly understood meanings
Organisational memory - the means by which knowledge is stored for future use
Organisational Memory
Information Interpretation
Information Distribution
Information Acquisition
Huber (1991)
The 4I’s Model of OLIndividualIndividual Group Group Organisation Organisation
IndInd
Grp
Grp
Org
Org
Feed Forward
Feed back
4I’s view of OL4I’s view of OL The Performance CycleThe Performance Cycle
IntuitingInterpretationIntegrationInstitutionalisation
Performance Indicators
Interpretation/ Analysis
Decision MakingAction
Applying OL theory to the study of PM
Applying OL to PM
To achieve an organisations aims, the PM process must create knowledge, support the decision making process, result in clear action that creates the desired affect on the environment.
Combining perspectives, processes and elements
Theoretical Drivers for OL/PM
METHOD
FACTORS
OUTCOMES
TIMETABLE
Research
Case StudyCase Study ForcesForces
InterviewsNon-participant
ObservationDocumentation
Rich pictureTriangulate
4 Scottish Forces2 English Forces1 Other – eg PSNI
Leaders/StrategistsFront linePerformance & NIMDecision Making
Research Method
Potential Factors
Some factors identified:
Ability to identify meaningful indicatorsAbility to collect increasing volumes of dataAbility to analyse and summarise rather than
trackEffectiveness of communicationThe absence of formal performance trainingThe relative immaturity of disciplineStrategic clarityNature of performance being managedEffective decision makingNature of communication of required behaviour
to workforce
Research Outcomes
Describe, Understand, EvaluateIdentify catalysts and inhibitors to the
processesFor ACPOS -
Maximise the impact of performance information
Guide the development of PM training Support the collaborative development of
a national PM system for Scotland.
Research Timetable
