Learning Biomedical Engineering from The Qur'an
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Transcript of Learning Biomedical Engineering from The Qur'an
Dr. Zaid Kasim Ghazzawi
Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering
How to learn Engineering Sciences Fully from The
Noble Qur’an?
How to learn Biomedical Engineering from the Noble Qur’an?
In the Name of Allah (God) Almighty the Most Gracious The Most Merciful
The Noble Qur’an (98: 2-3)
2. A Messenger (Muhammad (Peace be upon him)) from Allah (God) Almighty, reciting (the Qur‘an) purified pages.
3. Containing valuable books.
The Noble Qur’an contains valuable books, which contain: The best science in all branches of
knowledge
The optimal research methodology to derive knowledge
The best terminology to use to describe knowledge
Ph.D. Thesis: Study of the loading environment on human bone
Research in Biomedical Engineering
The Purpose of the Study
To determine the stress environment within bone during the healthy functioning of the skeleton
http://www.bartleby.com/107/127.html
(Tortora and Grawboski, 1996)
The Human Musculo-Skeletal System
Types of Loading on Structures
Flexural (bending) forces and resulting flexural stresses
Tensile forces and resulting tensile stresses
Compressive forces and resulting compressive stresses
The Purpose of the Study
To determine the stress environment within bone during the healthy functioning of the skeleton
Various studies have been done to understand bone biomechanics
For example (Oyen et al., 1996 and Hylander and Johns, 1991)
Wolff (beginning 1900s)
The end result to this date (2005) (more than 100 years) that the stress environment
within bone is unknown and the working hypothesis is that it is a mixture of tensile, compressive,
and flexural stresses
The Stress Environment of Bone in the Healthy Skeleton
What is the importance of knowing it ?
The Zygomatic Implant
Osseointegration
Titanium Screw
http://www.totalhipreplacement.net/index_frames.htm
Hip Implant
The importance of knowing the stress environment of bone in the healthy case
Knowing the optimal loading environment (tensile, compressive, or bending) to place bone in when designing prosthetic systems and parts
to be integrated within the human skeleton
How to determine the Stress Environment within Bone ?
Theoretical ModelDerived fully from the Noble Qur’an (Allah (God) Almighty last revelation to mankind)
In the Name of Allah (God) Almighty the Most Gracious The Most Merciful
The Noble Qur’an (55: 14)
14. Allah (God) Almighty created man from a sounding clay like that of pottery.
It is stated that Allah (God) Almighty created bones from a clay like material (i.e. a ceramic material)
Thus it can be concluded that bone should exhibit
from a mechanical point of view the behavior of a
ceramic material
Human Bone Ceramic Material
Stress-Strain curve for human bone Stress-Strain curve for a ceramic material
A ceramic material can be loaded in any one of these loading cases
Flexural (bending) forces and resulting flexural stresses
Tensile forces and resulting tensile stresses
Compressive forces and resulting compressive stresses
In the Name of Allah (God) Almighty the Most Gracious The Most Merciful
The Noble Qur’an (95: 4)
4. Allah (God) Almighty created man in an optimal form.
The optimal state for a ceramic material is the one in which it has maximum strength and stiffness
The only loading regime where a ceramic material has maximum
stiffness and strength is when it is loaded in a compressive stress
environment
Thus the conclusion from the Noble Qur’an is that bone should be loaded in a predominantly compressive state of stress during
healthy functioning of the skeleton
Creation of areas and volumes from previous
splines
x
y
z
42.0 ,29.0 ,22.0
GPa 9.5 GPa, 3.5
GPa 19 GPa, 13
zxyzxy
zxyzxy
zyx
vvv
GGG
EEE
3D element having 10 nodes and 3 DOF at each node(Solid92 in ANSYS ®)
x
y
z
A new method to test Biocompatibility (the acceptance or
rejection of the human body to foreign materials) as derived from
the Noble Qur’an
The Zygomatic Implant
Example on the use of Titanium
material in the human body
http://www.totalhipreplacement.net/index_frames.htm
Stainless steel implant
In The Name of Allah (God) The Most Compassionate The Most Merciful
The Noble Qur’an (71: 17)
Allah (God) Almighty states that He has grown humans from the earth exactly like plants
Thus the conclusion from this is that the bio-mechanisms active in plants are similar to those found in humans
And Allah (God) has grown you from the earth in a similar manner to plants.
Thus if a plant accepts a certain material then it can be concluded that the human body would accept it as well,
likewise, if a plant rejects a certain material then the body would reject it to
A cross section in a tree stemA cross section in a tree stem
WOODWOOD
BONEBONE
A cross section in human boneA cross section in human bone
http://biomedia.bio.purdue.edu/GenBioLM/GBActPotl/html/neuron_structure.html
Neural Cell in HumansNeural Cell in Humans
The Distribution of Branches and Roots in
Trees
The Distribution of Branches and Roots in
Trees
Perfect match between the function and structure of plant and human systems
System description In plants In human body
Structural Root, stem, and
branches
(Wood material)
The skeletal system
Feet, trunk, and arms
(Bone material)
Augmentary Plant leafs Human skin
Circulatory Water vessels Blood vessels
Protein factories Plant cells Human cells
Growth of Bone around Titanium Implant
Growth of Wood Material in and around A Titanium
Screw
Tree Response for The Insertion of A Titanium Screw within it
A perfect match is found between the growth of wood and bone
material in and around an object made of Titanium
