Leadership Theories & Styles
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Transcript of Leadership Theories & Styles
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Motivation The word motivation is often defined as "getting
someone moving."
Motivation theorybreaks down these forces intointernal or intrinsic motivation, and external orextrinsic motivation. If you're in a leadership role,then it's important to understand how employees are
motivated, and what you can do as a leader to keepthem motivated.
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Motivational theoryWhen we motivate ourselves, or someone else, we are
developing those incentives or conditions that webelieve will help move a person to a desired behavior.
Whether it is through intrinsic motivation orextrinsic motivation, most individuals are moved bytheir beliefs, values, personal interests, and even fear.
http://www.money-zine.com/Definitions/Career-Dictionary/Motivation/http://www.money-zine.com/Definitions/Career-Dictionary/Motivation/ -
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Types of motivationIntrinsic or Self Motivation
Fundamentally, all motivation comes from within. So
the most common concepts of motivation are those ofself motivation, internal motivation, or intrinsicmotivation.
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Types of motivationMotivation through Challenges
Individuals are motivated when they are working
towards personally meaningful goals. Attainment ofthose goals must require activity that is increasinglydifficult, but attainable.
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Types of motivationMotivation through Curiosity
In this concept of self motivation, we are talking about
providing something in the individual's environmentthat arouses their curiosity.
Motivation through competition
Through fantasy
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Contemporary theories of
Leadership
The variables include organizational culture,the values of the leader and the followers, thework, the environment, the influence of theleader manager, and the complexities of thesituation
Theory introduced in late 1970s
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Strong control is maintained over the workgroup
Others are motivated by coercion
Others are directed with commands
Communication flows downward
Decision making does not involve others
Emphasis is on difference in status(I and
you
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Merits Results in well defined group actions that are that are
usually predictable
Reducing frustration in the work group and givingmembers a feeling of security
Productivity is usually high
Useful in crisis situations e.g. Very large bureaucracies
such as the armed force
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Demerits Creativity, self- motivation and autonomy are reduced
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Democratic leaders Less control is maintained
Economic and Ego awards are used to motivate
Others are directed through suggestions and guidance
Communication flows up and down
Decision making involves others
Emphasis is on we" rather than I and you Criticism is constructive
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meritsAppropriate for groups that work together for
extended periods
Promotes autonomy and growth in individual workers Effective when cooperation and coordination between
groups are necessary
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Demerits Because many people must be consulted, democratic
leadership takes more time and, there for, may befrustrating for those who want decisions made rapidly.
Less efficient quantitatively than authoritativeleadership
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Laissez-faire leaders Permissiveness, with little or no control
Motivation by support when requested by the group or
individuals Provision of little or no direction
Communication upward and downward flow amongmembers of the group
Emphasis on the group Criticism withheld
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MeritsWhen all group members are highly motivated and
self directed, this leadership style can result in muchcreativity and productivity
Appropriate when problems are poorly defined and isneeded to generate alternative solutions
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Changes in the leadership concept Leadership style has a great deal on the climate and
out come of the work group
In 1940s-followed a predominant leader ship style In 1950s Followed the style between authoritarian
and Laissez fair