LBGHS Newsletter 2013 07 Jul

7/28/2019 LBGHS Newsletter 2013 07 Jul

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Los Bexareños

Genealogical and Historical SocietyThose born in Béxar and those who migrated to and made their home in Béxar throughout the ages, whether under the influence of Tribal L

or the laws of Spain, France, the 1st Republic of Texas, the Republic of México, the 2nd Republic of Texas, the Confederate States of América

the United States of América are known as Los Bexareños.

Their families extend to all the lands of the world. Once a Bexareño always a Bexareño.

A Newsletter via e-Mail July 20

Contents In This Issue

1. LBGHS July Monthly Meeting • Facebook

2. Message From The President

3. Letters to Members • LBGHS Committees • UTB-TSC • El Chiste

4. Mimi Lozano’s Retirement • 34th THGH Conference

5. Websites That Tell Our Stories • Gloria Cadena Scholarship

6. Juan Bautista Chapa book presentation • Hispanic Heritage Center Golf Tournament

7. Los Bexareños 30th Anniversary Luncheon

8. LBGHS June Meeting

9. Historic Site in Bexar County • 200th Anniversary of Battle of Medina

10. LBGHS Directory — Commemorative Edition • LBGHS Research Group

11. LBGHS Directory form

12. “Go Ahead Guys” vs The Royal Spanish Army; Battle of Medina, Texas,

August 18, 1813 (Part 12)

14. LBGHS Resource Center • Book Sales Committee • Web Indexes

15. Calendar of Events

16. Around The State • Message From the Editor • Submit Your Articles

LBGHS Monthly Meeting

July 6, 2013

San Antonio Main Public Library9:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

SPEAKER: Leslie Stitz Stapleton

TOPIC: Documents and Articles at the Álamo Library

Leslie Stapleton has been the Director of the Daughters of the Republic of Texas Library at the Álamo since July 2008. Ltarted as a library assistant and worked her way up to the librarian cataloging position and finally to the position of Directhe DRT Library. She worked with Elaine Davis to establish the Family History Seminar. Leslie and her staff will be do

Power Point presentation describing the documents and articles that are available for public research at the DRT Library.

Leslie is a native of south Texas. She has been married to her husband, Jeffery, since 1988. Leslie, Jeffery, and theirCharlie, live in Wilson County near Floresville, Texas. She has been asked to serve as historian/archivist at the Floresville U

Methodist Church, and she is a member of the 135th anniversary planning committee. ✥

Los Bexareño

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BGHS eMail Newsletter 2 Volume 2 - Iss

L O S B E X A R E Ñ O S G E N E A L O G I C A L A N D H I S T O R I C A L S O C I E T Y

L B G H S O F F I C E R S

Congratulations to the 2013 elected

officers of Los Bexareños Genealogical

and Historical Society. Your willingness

o serve this organization with your

ime, effort, work ethics, and countless

contributions is truly appreciated.

2 0 1 3 E X E C U T I V E B O A R D

President:! ! Louis J. Benavides

Vice President: ! José López

Secretary:! ! María Elena Martínez

Treasurer: ! ! Lillie Johnson

B O A R D O F D I R E C T O R S

2012 - 2013:! ! Anthony Delgado

2012 - 2013:! ! Eduardo Hinojosa

2012 - 2013:! ! Yolanda Patiño

2013 - 2014:! ! Eleanor Foreman

2013 - 2014:! ! Sylvia Morales

A P P O I N T E D O F F I C E R SHistorian:! ! ! Norberto Martínez

Parliamentarian: ! José Hernández

! Well summer is here, and I have manysummer projects. I am working on mycontinuing education, painting the house ,measuring for a “mother in law” addition ,and conducting family research. On thatendeavor, on Friday, June 15th , I traveledto the Jourdanton Court House, where thepeople were super nice. I was looking formy Winn lineage, and I found two cou-sins: one is a Mendiola who married into

my de la Garza lineage, and the other isa Winn who shares my 2nd great-grand-father, Winn. My cousin Lester and Italked about our research, and he men-tioned that two of his cousins had doneextensive research on our families. Hewondered out loud, “What happened tothat research?” One of them had recentlypassed away. What will happen to theresearch of the other cousin who is veryill? As I drove out to look at several of theMendiola cemeteries in Atascosa County

(looking for Winn and de la Garza), Ithought about Lester’s remarks.

! When I was a banker/bank examinerthere was a question I always asked ,“What is the back up plan?” So, asPresident, I ask myself, “What can LosBexareños do to help our membershipwhen that time comes for each of us?”

! I am not going to complete this dis-cussion here, but I am going to presentsome ideas:

(1) Place your “genealogical collection” ina location where it can be easily foundand identified by your family.

(2) Provide instructions in your Will as tohow you wish your reference materialsand research are to be handled.

(3) Attempt to connect with differentlines/branches of your family trees andshare your information every 3 months or

at least annually (a family reunion wo be ideal).

(4) Have money earmarked specificfor the cataloging of your material toentity you believe will handle the terials. Have your family check withentity to make sure your material been cataloged within the time instruc

in the Will, or have the money returnThis would be an incentive (a) to cataand (b) for the family to check to see has been done. Allow enough time forinformation to be cataloged.

(5) Check with the organization that select to see (a) if they can handle yourformation, (b) if they want your infortion, and (c) if they can store your inmation. We have seen great libraries,cluding our former members, that so

one could use for research, but are tiedin whatever the family is trying to(maybe trying to find a buyer) and books and research are there as if tnever existed. Maybe just donating books and research to a library for tuse or for fundraising would help community of researchers/genealogist

! Remember, when you come to meeting and/or to the LBGHS ResouCenter & Library, you will find peowho love to hear your family stories

want to know about your family histand your genealogy. You are surroun by your family of genealogists.

! Los Bexareños will be presented wa book containing research material documents that were put together arou1925. The documents contain copiesthe original lists of Spanish soldiers settlers of Spanish Texas (which incluLouisiana in the early 1700s). This bwill be presented to Los Bexareños by

Granaderos y Damas de Galvéz, alwith representatives of the Sons Daughters of the American RevolutThis will be a fine addition to the LBGResource Center & Library. ✥

—Louis J. Benav

LBGHS Presi

louis_benavides06@sbcgloba

LOS BEXAREÑOS

PO BOX 1935

SAN ANTONIO TX 78297-1935

www.losbexarenos.org

Message

from the

President’s

Desk

http://www.losbexarenos.org/

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34th Annual Texas Hispanic Genealogical and Historical Conference

October 11 - 12 - 13, 2013

For more information, please contact Sophia Postel Treviño de Wilson at: [email protected]

Hilton Gardens Inn

123 Huvar Street

Victoria, Texas 77901


The Board of Directors of the

Society of Hispanic Historical and

Ancestral Research (SHHAR)

Cordially invites you to

Join us at a Recognition Luncheon as we honor

Mimi Lozano for her accomplishments in promoting the Hispanic

presence in our national, state and local histories.

Mimi has retired from the SHHAR Board and from its presidency, but will

continue with the monthly publication of Somos Primos.

Saturday, July 27, 2013Buffet Lunch, promptly at 12 noon

The Villa, 510 East Katella Avenue, Orange CA 92867

Keynote: Honorable Frederick Aguirre, Judge of the Superior Court

Master of Ceremonies: Carlos N. Olvera, Dana Point City Council

Tickets:$28perperson.RSVPandfullpaymentbyJuly20,2013.

Forsponsorships,ticketsandRSVP,pleasecontactVirginiaGillat:[email protected],byregularmailatSHHAR,POBox490,MidwayCity,CA92655-0490.

SHHAR is a 501(c)3 organization federal #33-0547649. As a non-profit, donations

are always welcomed.

Supporting Organizations: Los Amigos, Anaheim; LULAC-Anaheim Council #2848;LULAC-Santa Ana Council #147; LULAC-Westminster Council #3017

I read in our Bexareños online newsle

that you were retiring and just wanted t

you know what a pleasure it has been to h

you at the helm of Somos Primos. It i

excellent newsletter, which I have r

religiously for years. Thank you for all

time and energy you have put in the crea

of this amazing online newsletter. I h

learned a lot from it. God Bless you in any

endeavor you undertake.

María E

❧❧❧❧❧

Hi María Elena . . .

What a sweet mes sage. Thank you

much. I was very touched by your words.

I have resigned from the SHHAR Bo

b ut wil l not b e ent ir ely ret ir ing f

promoting our heritage. What I want to d

compile more personal and family storie

Spanish surnamed families in Somos Prim want to focus more on the little family cue

that say much about who we really were, in

past, and are, in the present.

I will not be publishing a monthly

sue, instead, when I reach a point where I

an issue is full of both unusual histo

tidbits and personal stories, I will then up

and notify readers. Somos Primos issues

be archived on the Word Wide Web.

The benefit to readers, they will not h

to set up a personal blog or a website to s

their family stories. Hopeful ly in the fut

old, past issues of Somos Primos will contto assist connecting primos, and giving ligh

who we were and who are.

Lovingly, M







We are pleased to invite you to the Juan Bautista Chapa book presentat

which could be an opportunity for you to visit also your native land. In

attached file you can find the whole program of the event.

To confirm your presence please write to:

[email protected] M

For further information you can contact:

GENOA’S TOURISM

GENOA’S ARCHIVES

GENOA’S DUCAL PALACE

ALBISOLA’S TOURISM

Thursday, July 18, 2013Genoa, Italy

Book presentation on

Giovanni Battista Schiappapietra by

JUAN BAUTISTA CHAPA

DA ALBISOLA AL NUOVO REGNO DI LEON

Historia del Nuevo Reino de León

The program includes:

4:00 p.m. - Visit to the archives of Genoa

5:00 p.m. - Presentation of the 1st Italian edition of this primary work for

history of México and Texas. The event will be attended by the editor and

Mr. Israel Cavazos Garza, Mr. Davide Gambino, and Mr. Giovanni Ventur

servingA buffet with some specialties and wines of Langhe-Piedmont

**********************************

Friday, July 19, 2013Albisola Superiore, Italy

10:00 a.m. - Visit of the historical village of Albisola, Juan Bautista Chap

birth home, St. Nicolo’s Church, and the ceramics museum.

From Albisola to the New Kingdom of LeónJuan Bautista Chapa

History of the New Kingdom of León1650-1690

This book offers the first Italian edition of one of the oldest

yewitness accounts of the exploration and colonization of thenorthern parts of what is today México. The account proves to be

resh, engaging and brazenly biased, from campaigns fought

gainst the Indian “enemy” related with the ingenuous good faith

f someone who takes their moral and civil superiority for

ranted, to descriptions of the explored areas.

Published anonymously in 1909, as part of a compilation

dited by Genaro García, the chronicle has been attributed to Juan

autista Chapa (born Giovanni Battista Schiappapietra in Albisola

n the Italian Riviera) by Mexican historian Israel Cavazos Garza,

whose research has been further corroborated by a records search

arried out in Liguria and reported on herein which has alsomade it possible to trace his family tree back four generations.

This edition is preceded by essays on events in Albisola

during the Thirty Years’ War (G. Venturi) and the fascinating

history (by L. Schiappapietra) of the name of a family—the

chiappapietras—who can lay claim to ancient origins and

laying leading roles in both the early history of the commune of

Genoa and the first crusade, and is furnished with a records

earch (D. Gambino) into unpublished documents stored in state

nd parish archives in Savona, Genoa, Albisola and Cádiz.

Ligurian by birth and Spanish by choice, Giovanni Battistachiappapietra died in Monterrey in 1695, but makes a virtual

eturn here to his native land—as pointed out by Israel Cavazos

n his foreword. ✥

The Tournament, the single largest fundraiser event for The Hispanic Heritage Center of Texas, will take place a

The Westin La Cantera Resort in San Antonio, Texas on Saturday, July 20, 2013.

It will be a four-persoscramble with a shot gun start at 8:00 a.m. Breakfast and lunch are provided with the entry fee of $195.00

Higher level sponsorships are available and they include prominent ad space and recognition at our event, go

brochure, and website. The Tournament also features a hole-in-one contest that offers an opportunity to wi

$10,000!!! Additionally there will be a drawing for fabulous prizes that will be available to golfers and others fo

a small fee. ✥

CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THEGOLFTOURNAMENT

http://www.hispanicheritagecenteroftexas.org/news-events/hhctx-announces-hispanic-heritage-cup-4th-annual-golf-tournament/











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Los Bexareños Genealogical and Historical Society will celebrate its 30th

Anniversary on Sunday, August 25, 2013 , at the DOUBLETREE BY HILTON

HOTEL. You are cordially invited to attend the 30th Anniversary of Los

Bexareños. Parking is complimentary. The buffet style lunch will be $25.00

per person. There will be volunteers to serve those who need assistance.

Please be mindful that seats are limited, and they will be filled on a first-come-

first-serve basis. If you are a charter member, or if you know a charter

member of Los Bexareños , please contact the ANNIVERSARY COMMITTEE. If

you have questions or if you wish to volunteer to assist the Hospitality

Committee, please contact Sandra Benavides at (210) 735-8717 or at

ANDRA [email protected] T. ✥

30th AnniversaryLuncheon

L os Bexareñ osGenealogical and Histrical Socie

SundayAugust 25, 2013

Social Hour(Silent Auction)

12:30 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.

Lunch

1:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m.

Program

2:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m.

DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel

502 W. César E. Chávez Blvd.San Antonio, Texas

(210) 224-7155

Little ItalyBuffet Style Lunch

Beef Lasagna

Chicken Parmesan

Grilled Marinated Veggies

w /Balsamic Glaze

House Salad

Garlic Bread SticksCoffee, T ea, or W ater

$25.00 per person



























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The Los Bexareños Genealogical and Historical Society held its monthly membership

meeting on June 1, 2013, at the Main Public Library in San Antonio, Texas.

The guest speaker was María Teresa Cadena de Everett. We are proud to say that MaríaTeresa is a member of Los Bexareños, and that she is extremely knowledgable of the history of

he Islas Canarias, España.

Her slide presentation described the Guanches of the Canary Islands. Their clothing,

ood, and their way of life on the islands. She took us on a journey to the lands of many of

ur ancestors.

María Teresa also discussed Mayor Capitán Bernabé de las Casas and Capitán Francisco

Báez de Benavides, both from the Canary Islands. She shared her extensive pedigree charts

nd family lineages.

Although she said she was nervous, the teacher in her kicked in and she gave a great presentation. She could have talkenother two or three hours. Ahhhhhh...so much knowledge—so little time! ✥


Los Bexareños at the June MeetingThe Guanche Connection to the Canary Islanders

P h o t o s c o u r t e s y o f L u i s a n d S y l v i a M o r a l e s .

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CAMP JOHN WISE

This site is marked by a granite monument located in an areaordered by the southeast quadrant of the intersection of McCullough

Avenue and Basse Road, near the municipal baseball fields. CampWise was originated during World War I and requires a bit of historyo better understand its significance.

Its background follows: Elementary Warfare tactics dictate that, if t all possible, you should have a promontory or elevated naturalocation such as one provided by a hill or a ridge to give you aosition overlooking the terrain. This gives you an edge in that you

re then both able to see the immediate field of action before you, andt offers an excellent site for artillery spotting and corrections. Addi-onally, if initiating a charge on the ground, it is always easier to goownhill rather than uphill, particularly with the added burden of arrying arms and other gear necessary for carrying out the mission.

Of course, a natural elevated position was not always available so thehought was that you could create one of your own; and thus wasorn the Balloon Air Service, which actually had its beginnings in the

Civil War. The technique then used tethered balloons filled with

hydrogen gas, carrying a gondola normally occupied by two Each man wore a parachute in case of an emergency requimmediate egress (e.g., bullets puncturing the balloon, fire offlammable gas, etc).

! Over the years numerous experiments took place, somprivate companies, dealing with the size and shape of the balloowas soon learned that the use of a highly flammable gas hydrogen) and other factors required rigorous safety standEffective training also dictated good flying conditions. Sexperiments even involved the use of a small engine to gand steer the balloon. In this case, a place for the pilot then alsoto be provided. The use of balloons ended shortly after WWI, wit was determined that the balloon occupants were too vulnerabfire from both the ground and air.

! Initial training for World War I took place at Omaha, Nebrhowever, this location was soon ruled out because of prevaweather conditions. The site in San Antonio, was then selected area of some 300 acres, now largely occupied by the City of OPark. A balloon company normally consisted of 250 enlisted menofficers. Training included the usual close order drills, basket

balloon fabric repairs as well as balloon launching and guidSeveral companies trained here and at other sites with scontinuing on to serve in France with the American ExpeditioForce (AEF).

! The monument was erected by the National AssociatioAmerican Balloon Corps Veterans in 1961, an organization that is

defunct due to the aging out of its members who were all veterans.

! The Barrage balloons of World War II employed virtuallysame techniques with some improvements notably in the ushelium gas instead of hydrogen gas, and the use of a winch to and lower the balloons. These balloons were used to prevent flying aircraft from penetrating into certain sensitive areas ahigher flying bomber could not aim as well at the higher altitudes

200th Anniversary of the Battle of Medina

The public is invited to attend the two day ceremony commemorating the 200 th anniversary of the bloodiest battle in Texas history! The Battle of Medina occurreAugust 18, 1813, between the Royal Spanish Army and the Republican Army of the North.

Since August 18th is on Sunday this year, we will hold an all day seminar at the Church of Christ (located at 1003 North Main Street in Pleasanton, Texas) beginnin

10:00 a.m. on Saturday, August 17, 2013, courtesy of Norman Porte r, Atascosa County Historical Committee Chairman. We will have several speakers you will want to h

including award winnin g author, Robert Thonhoff — Frank de la Teja, PhD., head of the history department from Texas State University — historian and author, Dan Arel

— Will iam McWhor ter from the Texas Historical Commission — Doc L'Herisson f rom Louis iana and others. Then at 6:00 p.m. Saturday evening, we will gather u nde

large Oak trees on Old Applewhite Road, where we have held a memorial ceremony for the past 12 years.

At 10:00 a.m. Sunday morning, August 18, 2013 we will gather again under the large Oak trees on Old Applewhite Road to hold a memorial ceremony on the a

200 th anniversary of the Battle of Medina. Everyone interested in history is invited to attend.

The Battle of Medina was between approximately 1,800 men in the Royal Spanish Army and approximately 1,400 men in the Republican Army of the North, which incl

Spaniards, Tejanos, Native Americans, and men from the United States.

Signs will be placed on US Highway 281 where you turn to the west on to the Old Pleasanton Road. Signs will also be where Bruce Road branche s off of the

Pleasanton Road. Signs will also be where Old Applewhite Road branches off Bruce Road, but contact Tom Green at or (713) 340-1965 if you

additional directions. ✥








COMMEMORATIVEEDITION

Los Bexareños Genealogical [andHistorical] Society was founded duringhe late summer of 1983, by Gloria

Villa Cadena and a small circle of riends. Their first meeting was held in

eptember of that year, and by Decem-er, the club had signed up 35 members.

The LBGHS Membership Directory -

Commemorative Edition will be pub-ished to commemorate the foundingf Los Bexareños. A 30th Anniversary

Luncheon is being held on August 25,013; and hopefully, the directory wille ready for purchase at the luncheon.

SHARE YOUR RESEARCH

The founders encouraged everyoneo research their Hispanic roots and to

ell theirs stories of family long gone.Mrs. Cadena would host small groupswhich grew larger over time) at her

home on a regular basis. They wouldundertake small genealogy projects,which were printed in a biweeklynewsletter. Eventually, the informative

newsletter became the Quarterly Regis-

ter, and now it is an Annual Register.

The Society published genealogy books.Over the last 30 years, her vision of Los

Bexareños has grown dramatically. Herdream was to share the beautiful culture

and values, and the love and sacrifices of our Hispanic ancestors.

THE DIRECTORY

! Many members have been asking for

a membership directory.

! The directory will be designed tohelp the members with their genealogy

research. The primary objective is toidentify fellow LBGHS members whoare researching the same family lineages,so they can communicate with each

other and share their research.

! Members are encouraged to set upan LBGHS Research Group, where a few

members get together and research aparticular family (see example below).

! If you have paid your 2013 mem-

bership dues, PLEASE email yourDirectory Form with your photo (largestformat possible) to:

LOUSYL@ICLOUD .COM

EXAMPLE of ENTRIES

LUIS AND SYLVIA MORAL

3543 BYRON STSAN ANTONIO TX 78247-3

(210) [email protected]

Cantú (Elmendorf, Texas - 1800s) • Casanova (Canary Islands, Spain and Vde San Fernando de Béxar - 1700s) • Made los Santos Coy (Elmendorf, Texas -1800s) • Galán (south Texas - 1800s) •

García (Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila d Zar ago za, Méx ico - 1880s) • Griego (WCounty, Texas - 1800s) • Emeteria Lugo 3 M arch 1904 (San Carlos, Tam aul ipas, México) • Morales (Elmendorf, Texas -1800s) • Morales (Monterrey, Nuevo L México - 1870s- 194 0s) • Herculano

Rodríguez and María Sán che z (México1800s)

LBGHS Directory - Commemorative Edition

LBGHS Genealogy Research Group

CANTÚs FROM ELMENDORF, BEXAR COUNTY, TEXASIf you are a descendant of José Miguel Felipe CANTÚ (1821-1874) , or if you are researching Miguel CANTÚ’s ancestors, we ne

you. We are gathering and analyzing all the information we have. We will share this information with this group. We nesource information to verify each entry (birth, marriage, death records - photos - etc).

Miguel CANTÚ and his wife had the following children: Lisandro (b. 1842) , Ángela (b. 1843) , Catarina (b. 1844) , Alvino (b. 1846) , Mig(b. 1849) , Santa (b. 1851) , Jesús (b. 1853) , Faustino (b. 1855) , and Ubaldo (b. 1857). They lived near Elmendorf , Texas. If any of these namsound familiar and you are interested, you are a candidate for this research group.

For more information, please contact Anthony Delgado at: [email protected]

Members OnlyOnly paid members are going to be

included in the membership directory

Only paid members are going to be abto purchase the membership directory

Join NowPay your 2013 membership dues to b

included in the commemorative directo

2013 MEMBERSHIP FORM

DIRECTORY FORM







http://www.losbexarenos.org/2013%20MEMBERSHIP%20DIRECTORY%20FORM.pdf

http://www.losbexarenos.org/2013%20MEMBERSHIP%20DIRECTORY%20FORM.pdf

http://www.losbexarenos.org/LBGHS_-_Application_Form_-_2013.pdf

http://www.losbexarenos.org/LBGHS_-_Application_Form_-_2013.pdf











Please fill in or provide us with the following information. Please PRINT.

Full Name ___________________________________________________________

Mailing Address _______________________________________________________

City and State ________________________________________________________

Home Phone or Cell ___________________________________________________

Email _______________________________________________________________

List of the names, surnames, cities, states, country and the years you are researching.

Example:! Herculano Rodríguez and María Diega Sánchez (Hacienda de la Paz, Coahuila,! ! México), Griego - 1800s (Wilson County, Texas), Alvina Segura !- b. Abt. 1875 (México )

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Please sign your name giving us permission to print the above information in the LBGHS

Membership Directory - Commemorative Edition. You can scan and email to

[email protected]

or snail mail the completed form to 3543 Byron St, San Antonio, TX 78247-3193.

Signature ____________________________________________________________

LBGHS Membership Directory Project

INSTRUCTIONS

You can print this page. When the PRINT dropdown menu appears, choose CURRENT PAGE or choose PAGE 10. Fill in the requested information and m

to the address above. If you cannot print this page, just send the requested information to the email address above.

We are accepting information from members, friends, and guests of Los Bexareños. However, only currently paid members will be included in the comm

morative directory and only members can purchase this directory.

If you have questions, please call Sylvia Morales at (210) 291-7702 or email her at LOUSYL@ ICLOUD .COM .







The Horror of La QuintaAftermath of 1813

Not too long ago, at a presentation onhe Battle of Medina, I was asked by my host

why I did not give more details about theattle and the cruel atrocities committed byhe Spanish against the Republican Army of he North. Instead, he asked, why did I talk bout the importance of the Battle of Medinan both American and Mexican history? I didot answer his question but rather ponderedis comments. Now, it is a well-known facthat every Texas historian has their ownersion of the Battle of Medina and because I

was addressing an audience of historians Ielt a new approach to the subject would beefreshing. Unfortunately I failed in myttempt, or so it would seem.

The most prominent battle story thatwas accepted as the factual, was the storywhich described that the Republican Army of he North was lured into a death trap by

General Joaquín Arredondo, and that the

Americans” were betrayed by a Tejanoamed Menchaca. I did not want to repeat

he story of the stripping of corpses, theorture of prisoners, the capture of runawayoldiers, nor the hanging of dead bodies.

Rather the result of this battle had conse-uences that affected foreign policies of the

United States, the Spanish empire, France,nd that led to the resettlement of Native

American populations in Texas.

The year 1812 was a year of worldwideerror as European and North American

rmies found themselves waging war onand and at sea. All European monarchs,long with the United States President, wererightened by the victories compiled by

Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon was the newerror and civilized nations had to contend

with his desires. An enemy of the CatholicChurch and royalty, Napoleon tore into the

ld institutions of Europe and ravaged theand as he supplied his army and France withood and material riches.

!But, why all this death and terror? Thekilling of unarmed or wounded prisoners

was not a practice committed by armies. Theanswer can be found in the Viceroy of NewSpain. Discontented Spanish Royalists, thesupporters of the monarchy, were disap-pointed in the viceroy’s failure to suppressthe insurrection in México. These conser-vative monarchists wanted the rebellion to beput down and royal order to be reestablished.Newcomer to the scene, Félix María Callejadel Rey Bruder Losada Campaño y Monterode Espinosa, as a brigadier of a cavalry

division defeated rebel forces on the plains of San Jerónimo Aculco. Félix María Callejafollowed this victory with another at theBattle of the Bridge of Calderón on January17, 1811. Commander Calleja through hismilitary victories was reestablishing order inMéxico.

! Calleja’s forces became the foundation of the Spanish Royalists Army in México. Thelocal authorities took notice of Calleja’svictories and complained that the old vice-roy, the Count of Revillagigedo, had failed to

defeat the insurgents. Not long afterward,the Regency in Cádiz, Spain recalled theCount of Revillagigedo. On January 28, 1813,Calleja was appointed Viceroy of México, andon March of that year he took the post. Hewas discouraged with the sad state of affairsleft behind by his predecessor, the treasurywas empty, and the government was under alarge debt, over two million pesos were owedto the troops. Soldiers who had fought forSpain lacked adequate uniforms, boots,armaments, and there was a shortage of horses. Calleja arrived in New Spain with

and fought with the old viceroy, the Count of Revillagigedo in México. Calleja ascommander of the infantry from San LuisPotosi subdued the Indios of the area. Hefought against Anglo-American filibustersand is known for his success in killing theleaders of the Mexican revolution, FatherHidalgo, Allende, and Morelos

! As viceroy, Calleja reinstated theInquisition, which had been abolished by theSpanish Constitution of 1812, he solicited a

loan from the commercial sector, reorgansales taxes along with the public treaand established an accounting of viceroy’s income and expenditures. Duhis tenure as viceroy, the money raised bgovernment was used to form a powarmy. Viceroy Calleja has been describea determined, unscrupulous, cruel rulerallowed his commanders to commit abuthe battlefield. Viceroy Calleja as commafought with severe cruelty and a hated dmination against all enemies of Spain. such a commander in chief it can be un

stood why General Arredondo showemercy at the Battle of Medina. Caaccording to his biography found onlinWikipedia, “was feared and also hated,

by some of the more liberal royalViceroy Calleja’s terror tactics and dictamethods caused his recall to Spain whewas given the title of Conde de CaldCalleja died in Valencia in 1828.

! In 1812, all of Europe at this time, wturmoil over the French general, NapoBonaparte. In June of 1812, the Grand A

of the Republic (600,000 men) prepared Russian invasion. Napoleon was the leof the largest army, at that time in hisNapoleon had conquered all of WeEurope, and those whom he had not quered would sign treaties with this dneering dictator. At this time in history, was a great debate among men, whethcontinue with monarchies or allow Reputo be ruled by the elected?

! This monarchy versus republic waquestion at that critical moment in hisNapoleon answered the question at a In May of 1812, Napoleon gave a ball.noblemen, princes, and the monarchEurope were invited, well rather requireattend. So when the guests were assemin the ballroom of the King of SaxonDresden, Napoleon appeared and the crquieted, and then a loud voice annou“the Emperor.”2 In that one grand gesNapoleon proclaimed himself EmperoEurope. The Catholic Church, oncemaker of European kings, claimed Napo


“Go Ahead, Guys” vs. The Spanish Royal Army;

Battle of Medina, Texas, August 18, 1813

“Be sure you’re right, then go ahead.”— Davy Crocket 1

Continue on p





was the anti-Christ, so with all this confusion, warfare, and turmoil,Viceroy Calleja may have seen the Texas invasion by the Republican of he North as French influenced and gave General Joaquín Arredondohe green light to handle the situation any way he deemed necessary.

At this time, the United States was also invaded, Washingtonurned and over 3,000 Congressional documents loss to the British.ngland refused to believe that the United States was a sovereignation; and therefore, treated this nation with contempt and

isrespect. Starting with the impressment of American sailors by theritish Navy and the domination of the sea-lanes by both Britain andrance.3 The people of Britain could not understand why Americans

wanted to live beyond the English monarchy. In America there wereTories who cheered the British Army’s entrance into Washington.4

Indeed the year 1812 saw difficult times for the citizens of nationss anarchy continued to spread throughout the world. France lost itssland of San Domingue [Haiti] as slaves rebelled and chased their oldwners off the island. American slave owners soon became very waryf strangers among their slaves, especially from the West Indies.

American slaveholders were scared the example of San Dominguewould result in the feared slave revolt in the United States. So with

he loss of San Domingue, France had extra military personnel andhips it could use in the quelling the guerrilla war on the Iberianeninsula. The Battle of Medina has its place in history among the

world turmoil of 1812 as New Spain’s blockade of European andAmerican expansion in Texas.

But back to the story of the battle, the accepted version of theattle was because of the first “Texan historian,” to publish tales of theattle was a writer with the unforgettable name of John Henry Brown.

Mr. Brown printed the stories he had heard and published them in awo volume book aptly titled, “History of Texas.”5 !Brown’s story of theattle of Medina described the strong willed Americans rushing into

he battle without fear or concern for their own lives. He does notmention any description of the battle tactics of the Spanish other than

eceit and trickery. His battle story remained the factual truth untilGeneral Joaquín Arredondo’s battle report was published. GeneralArredondo’s battle report, compared to Brown’s story, was objectivend filled in the historical gaps of how the Royalists Army dealt withn insurgent army.

Also, San Antonio’s favorite genealogist and city historian,rederick Charles Chabot, wrote of Arredondo’s triumphant victoryhrough the city’s streets and war abuses of the city’s citizens. “On thefternoon of August 20, 1813, [Arredondo] marched triumphantly intoan Antonio. Then, with all the horrors of war and politics, began theuffering of the republicans. Nearly eight hundred citizens wereeized and imprisoned in the Alamo barracks. Three hundred were

onfined in one small house on the hot night of August 20 th , andighteen died of suffocation. There was not a day when some victim

was not shot. In the old CURBELO HOME were imprisoned about sixundred women and girls of the Republican families; they wereompelled to grind 24 bushels of corn a day, and make tortillas for

Arredondo’s army.”6

In this next description, Chabot made an error in his story whene reported on the arrival of Joaquín Elizondo and his prisoners. “Byeptember, Elis[z]ondo, with his 500 dragoons, returned from pursuitf the fugitives, driving before him on foot the widows and orphansf those whom he had slain.”7 At this time, the Curbelo house was

called in mockery by the Spanish Royalists, “La Quinta.” The swhere the house was located was called Dolorosa, in the Spalanguage meant, ‘sorrowful, painful.’ “After,” Chabot continued,ravages of war, beautiful and flourishing San Antonio was lestarvation and the Indians. By 1816 the place was almost enabandoned.” The error in Chabot’s narrative is the mention of aElizondo, who we now know, was killed by one of his junior ofand buried along the San Marcos River. In the case of both of

historians they were not there at the time of the battle and relying on the stories told by living citizens of San Antonio. Ascan read, history is depended on the person telling it. For the BatMedina new facts and documents show that the battle was a foattempt by undisciplined troops to defeat a well-trained army.

! The bloody aftermath of Battle of Medina destroyed any UnStates ambition to invade the supposedly weakly defended SpaColonial territories; and, the battle finally ended any French effoestablish a foothold in Spanish Texas. However, the battle did afor the settlement of Native Americans along the very rich desirable agriculture lands in East Texas. The Spanish hope wasthe indios would defend Spanish Texas from illegal migrating ofsettlers. But the indios had become too dependent on manufactgoods, and before long, the old trails into Louisiana were once aopened, and trade flourished between Spanish Texas and the UStates. ✥

1 Daugham, George C. 1812, the Navy’s War. (Basic Books, New York, 2011) pp. 31-32.

2 Ibid, p. 32.

3 Meacham, Jon. Thomas Jefferson, The Art of Power. (Random House, 2012) p. 461.

4 Ibid, p. 462.

5 Brown, John Henry. The History of Texas, 1685 to 1892. (The Jenkins Publishing Company, 1970) 2 v

reprinted from the original 1892 edition.

6 Chabot, C. Frederick. The Alamo Altar of Texas Liberty. (Naylor Printing Co., 1931), p. 25.

7

Ibid.

—Santiago Esco

The map of the United States and what it has gathered in its Manifest Destiny q

This map is just an add-on I thought would give readers an ideahow the country appeared, and why it appears the way it does to

—Santiago Esco

http://www.mysanantonio.com/default/article/Paula-Allen-Curbelo-House-likely-on-Dwyer-788510.php






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