UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science- 1 -

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Quantum Computing Capabilities & Interests

Quantum Testbed Stakeholder Workshop

Hosted by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program

February 14 – 16, 2016

Irfan Siddiqi, Materials Science Division (MSD)

Jonathan Carter, Computational Research Division (CRD)

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

LBNL Capabilities and Interests Summary

2

Advanced & Impactful Computing

• National Energy Research Scientific

Computing (NERSC) Facility

• Quantum Computation

• Post-Moore Digital

• Special-purpose computing

(e.g. Neuromorphic)

Creative Interdisciplinary Partnerships

- Cross-division & UC Berkeley

- CAMERA: Math & Light Source Data

- AQuES (Adv. Quantum Enabled Simulation):

Computer Science, Engineering, Molecular

Foundry, Chemical Sciences, & Materials

Science

Core Capabilities in Quantum Computation

- Existing quantum computing hardware based on trapped ions, cold atoms, &

superconducting circuits with well defined pathways for expansion

- Expertise in applied quantum algorithms, verification & validation, coherent measurement,

feedback & control, multi-layer modular software stacks, & high-level user interfaces

- Fabrication of nanoscale integrated circuits

- Complex digital, low frequency, microwave, & optical engineering resources

- Management expertise in successful multi-user computational & experimental facilities

UNIVERSITY OF

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Office of

Science

Quantum Computing Hardware : Summary

3

Irfan Siddiqi Materials Science Division

Superconducting Circuits

Dan Stamper-KurnMaterials Science Division

Ultracold Atoms

Hartmut HäffnerMaterials Science Division

Trapped Ions

• Chemical energies

• Reaction dynamics

• Charge transport

• Photosynthesis

• Superconductivity

• Spin liquids

• Solar water splitting

• Topological Materials

• QCD

• QFT

• Gravity

• Ising-like magnets

• Superfluidity

• Electron-phonon

interactions

Coupled

Electronic/Nuclear

Systems

Fermi Hubbard

at fractional doping

Synthetic gauge

fields,

Relativistic theories

Quantum Ising,

Bose-Hubbard,

Spin-Boson

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

Quantum Computing Hardware : Summary

4

Irfan Siddiqi Materials Science Division

Superconducting Circuits

Dan Stamper-KurnMaterials Science Division

Ultracold Atoms

Hartmut HäffnerMaterials Science Division

Trapped Ions

• Chemical energies

• Reaction dynamics

• Charge transport

• Photosynthesis

• Superconductivity

• Spin liquids

• Solar water splitting

• Topological Materials

• QCD

• QFT

• Gravity

• Ising-like magnets

• Superfluidity

• Electron-phonon

interactions

Coupled

Electronic/Nuclear

Systems

Fermi Hubbard

at fractional doping

Synthetic gauge

fields,

Relativistic theories

Quantum Ising,

Bose-Hubbard,

Spin-Boson

UNIVERSITY OF

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• Identical ions (1-100)

• Individual control

• Long-range interaction

• Long coherence times

• Highly coordinated graphs

• Full characterization

ti

j li

mi

Quantum Computing Hardware : Trapped Ions

UNIVERSITY OF

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Office of

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Quantum Computing Hardware : Trapped Ions

Light harvesting

Sarovar et al., Nature Physics 6 462 (2010)

Irish et al., PRA 90, 012510 (2014)

Olfaction

Solov’yov et al., PCCP 14 13861 (2012)

Directed energy transport

Myers et al., NJP 17 093030 (2015)

Problems scale exponentially

in the number of sites,

difficult to solve for ~ 5-10

sites.

• Energy and

Entanglement

Dynamics

• Impurities in

Crystals

• Dissipation and

Thermalization

• Quantum Phase

Transitions

UNIVERSITY OF

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Quantum Computing Hardware : Ultracold Atoms

• Identical atoms (102 - 106)

• Long coherence times, highly

entangled cluster states

• Single site imaging

• State-dependent readout

• Multi-species experiments;

long/short range interaction

• Versatile lattice geometry

ultracoldgas

(𝑇 ≤ nK)off resonant laser light

image: Greiner lab

off

resonant

laser light

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science- 8 -

Quantum Computing Hardware : Ultracold Atoms

“Very frustrated” quantum magnetism

What is the antiferromagnetic ground state? A quantum spin liquid of some type? (Z2, Dirac…)

Orbital frustration = flat bands

Fate of Bose condensation, superconductivity, itinerantferromagnetism?

Does flat band strengthen localization into Mott insulator?

• Low Energy

Phases of

Frustrated Systems

• Emergent

Excitations

• Non-equilibrium

Dynamics

- energy

- entropy

- entanglement

LiRb

• strong direct interactions: nearest

neighbor exchange ~ 20 kHz

• reconfigurable: photoassociate

into molecules at selected sites

• localized non-destructive

measurement: photodissociate at

selected site and measure atoms

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

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Quantum Computing Hardware : SC Circuits

• Fully engineered quantum

system (10-100,…)

• In-situ tuning

• Fast operating time

• Single qubit addressability,

readout, and control

• QND, pulsed & continuous

measurement

• Variable connectivity

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

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Quantum Computing Hardware : SC Circuits

• Quantum Chemistry:

Statics & Dynamics

• Quantum Ising

Bose-Hubbard

Fermi-Hubbard

• Topological Materials

Partial

Tomography

Prepare

State

Quantum Chemistry (VQE)

Quantum Limited Detection

Topological invariant

Topology (Q-Walk)

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science- 11 -

Fabrication and Characterization Capabilities

Combinatorial Nanoscience

Multimodal Nanoscale Imaging

Single-Digit Nanofabrication and Assembly

Functional Nanointerfaces

Stefano Cabrini

UNIVERSITY OF

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Office of

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Fabrication and Characterization Capabilities

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

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Engineering and Supporting Technology

Wim Leemans (8-10 FTE)Director, Accelerator Technology

and Applied Physics Division

John ByrdHead, Center for Beam Physics

Accelerator Technology and

Applied Physics Division

Larry DoolittleEngineering Division

Berkeley Lab is the lead for development of

the RF controls, conceptual design, and

prototype development. GOAL: RF controller

that maintains 10-4 amplitude and 0.01 deg

phase coherence between hundreds of SC

cavities.

LCLS-II RF system schematic layout (SLAC)

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

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Engineering and Supporting Technology

ComputerEthernet

FPGA

DACArray

ADCs

FiberInterconnect

• Single FPGA board controls and measures 6-8 qubits• Boards connected via fast fiber interconnect• Local DSP for waveform generation and analysis• Low latency for feedback across the entire network• Scalable to arbitrary number of boards

UNIVERSITY OF

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Jarrod McClean

Algorithms

Quantum Computer Science and

Computational Science Capabilities

Joel Moore

Cond. Mat., QVV

Bert de Jong

Algorithms & Control

Umesh Vazirani

QVV

Norman Yao

Cond. Mat., Algorithms

Birgitta Whaley

Chemistry, QVV

Anastasiia Butko

Computer Architecture

Jonathan Carter

Algorithms

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

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Computer & Computational Science Ecosystem

Co-Design

Applied Math

Languages & System

Software

Computer Architecture

Group

NERSC (Advanced Technology

Group)

UNIVERSITY OF

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Applications to Domain Science @ Berkeley Lab

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References:

[1] S. Hacohen-Gourgy et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 240501 (2015).

[2] M. Gärttner et al. (Bollinger), arXiv:1608.08938 (2016).

[3] R. Barends et al. (Martinis), Nature 508, 500 (2014).

[4] R. Vasseur and J.E. Moore, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 146804 (2014).

[5] R. Vasseur, J. Dahlhaus, and J. E. Moore, Phys. Rev. X 4, 041007 (2014).

[6] M. P. Zaletel, D. M. Stamper-Kurn, N Y. Yao, arXiv:1611.04591 (2016).

[7] J. Kemp, N. Y. Yao, C. R. Laumann, P. Fendley, arXiv:1701.00797 (2017).

[8] F. Pollmann, S. Mukerjee, A. Turner, and J. E. Moore, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 255701 (2009).

[9] J. A. Kjall, F. Pollmann, and J. E. Moore, Phys. Rev. B 83, 020407 (2011).

[10] C. Karrasch, J. H. Bardarson, and J. E. Moore, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 227206 (2012)

Fig. 1: Spin-asymmetric Hubbard model dynamics as an example of translation-invariant quasi-

MBL phase.

Fig.2: Schematic of a localized qubit (central spin) interacting with a complex environment,

leading to decoherence.

J!

J’"

Jz"

Figure 4 – Cross Relaxation Dynamics

A

B

Time ( s)

10 0 10 1 10 2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

P (

t)

C

100

101

102

Po

pu

latio

n

( s)

D

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

(2 ) 3 MHz (2 ) 8 MHz (2 ) 20 MHz

100

101

102

( s)10

010

110

2

J/r3

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

1/Weff

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

Po

we

r la

w e

xp

on

en

t

(MHz -1)

( s)

Strongly correlated materials:

Moore, Yao, Whaley

Nuclear structure:

Haxton

Orthology – complex

optimization problem in

biosciences: Brown, Bouchard

Quantum Associative Memory

for HEP particle tracking:

Calafiura, Shapoval

Catalysts - Coupled electron-

nuclear motion; beyond single

reference methods: de Jong,

McClean, Whaley,

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

Investments in Quantum Computing Technology

– As part of LDRD initiative in post-Moore computing

– Productive multi-disciplinary team consisting of Computing Sciences, Materials Science, Chemical Science, Molecular Foundry and campus

18

Project PI

Solving Problems in Materials Theory via Quantum Networks Moore,Joel

Quantum Computing Technology Exploration Siddiqi, Irfan

Design of Quantum Chemistry Simulations for Superconducting

CircuitsMcClean,Jarrod

Quantum Chemistry Simulations for Superconducting Circuits Siddiqi, Irfan

Quantum simulations of magnetism and transport with atomic

systemsStamper-Kurn,Dan

Simulating Excited State Energies and Dynamics with

Superconducting QubitsSiddiqi, Irfan

Nanoscale magnetometry, electrometry, and thermometry of exotic

quantum materials using Nitrogen-Vacancy DefectsYao, Norman

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

Facility Management Experience

• Hosts 2 ASCR, 2 BES, and 1 BER user facilities

• Nearly 10,000 users (remote and onsite)

• JGI, ALS, NERSC, and ESnet staff work exclusively on program activities;

Molecular Foundry staff work 50% with users

• User group meetings, User information systems, Onboarding office, Guest house

JGINERSC Molecular Foundry

& NCEM

ESnet ALS

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

AQuES – Housed with Computing Sciences

- 20 -

• Office & lab space available in

Wang Hall

• Internal funding to develop lab space &

hardware

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science- 21 -

AQuES Partnerships

Quantum Algorithms and

Software

Quantum Nanoelectronics Lab

Ion-Trap Lab

Ultracold Atoms LabCo-design

Molecular Foundry

Advanced Quantum-Enabled

Simulation

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science

External Partnerships

• Google

(FermiLib)

• NASA Ames

• LLNL

• Sandia (GST)

• UC Riverside, U. Rochester,

Chapman U. (continuous error correction)

• U. Sherbrooke, McGill U. (non-classical light and matter)

Cyclotron Road Science Incubator• 6 teams generated over $15M in

public/private partnership funding from $3M initial EERE AMO funding

Innovation and Partnership Office• Patents issued: 80 (65 U.S., 15 foreign)

• Patent applications filed to protect LBNL intellectual property: 167

• New technologies disclosed by LBNL researchers: 193

• Royalties: $ 2,995,865

• Companies / investors / entrepreneurs visiting with IPO staff: 111

• New licenses and options for LBNL technology: 11

• Software licenses: 149 (commercial, collaboration, and government use)

• 46 CRADAs

• NDAs Inbound 95 and Mutual (in/out) 157

22

UNIVERSITY OF

CALIFORNIA

Office of

Science- 23 -

Thank You