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4/3/2018 1 Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion Melissia Larson, North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition About NCHRC • Statewide grassroots coalition dedicated to the implementation of harm reduction interventions • Focus on public health strategies, drug policy transformation, and justice reform • Engage in advocacy and policy development • Provide training to directly impacted persons, law enforcement, and the community. Topics include harm reduction, needle stick prevention, Hep C/HIV, and overdose prevention • Provide direct services for people impacted by drug use, incarceration, sex work, overdose, gender, and HIV/Hepatitis
Transcript of Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion - Partners › wp-content › uploads › 2018 › 04 ›...
4/3/2018
1
Law Enforcement AssistedDiversionMelissia Larson, North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition
About NCHRC• Statewide grassroots coalition dedicated to the
implementation of harm reduction interventions• Focus on public health strategies, drug policy
transformation, and justice reform• Engage in advocacy and policy development• Provide training to directly impacted persons, law
enforcement, and the community. Topics include harmreduction, needle stick prevention, Hep C/HIV, and overdoseprevention
• Provide direct services for people impacted by drug use,incarceration, sex work, overdose, gender, and HIV/Hepatitis
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Year
Motor Vehicle Traffic (Unintentional)Drug Poisoning (All Intents)
α β
Death Rates* for Two Selected Causes of Injury,North Carolina, 1968-2015
*Per 100,00, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. Standard Populationα - Transition from ICD-8 to ICD-9β – Transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10
National Vital Statistics System, http://wonder.cdc.gov, multiple cause datasetSource: Death files, 1968-2015, CDC WONDERAnalysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
1989 – Pain added as 5th Vital Sign
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
Naloxone Kits Distributed by the North Carolina HarmReduction Coalition, 8/1/2013- 12/31/2017
64,990 kitsdistributed*
*87 kits distributed in an unknown location in North Carolina and 18 kitsdistributed to individuals living in states outside of North Carolina;includes 5,657 kits distributed to Law Enforcement Agencies
4/3/2018
2
Opioid Overdose Reversals with Naloxone Reported to theNorth Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, 8/1/2013-12/31/2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
10,000 + communityreversals reported*
*23 reversals in an unknown location in North Carolina and 139reversals using NCHRC kits in other states reported to NCHRC
Counties with Law Enforcement Carrying Naloxoneas of December 31, 2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
192 Law EnforcementAgencies covering 80 counties
Opioid Overdose Reversals with Naloxone Reported byNC Law Enforcement Agencies, 1/1/2015-12/31/2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
900 + LawEnforcementreversals reported
Source: North Carolina Division of Public Health, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
Currently there are 26 active*SEPs covering 32 counties in
NC
Counties currently served by Syringe Exchange Programs (SEPs)as of December 31, 2017
*There may be SEPs operating that are not represented on this map; in order to be countedas an active SEP, paperwork must be submitted to the NC Division of Public Health.
4/3/2018
3
LE Strategic responsesOperation Medicine Drop, 2010
Permanent Drop-Off boxes, 2010
Prescription Fraud & Diversion Investigations
Attend Crisis Intervention Training
Utilize Mobile Crisis
First LE Naloxone Program, 2014
Conduct Overdose Follow-ups
Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion
LEAD is a pre-arrest diversion program that utilizes officer
discretion to divert low level drug offenders and sex workers
from the traditional criminal justice system and into treatment.
This linkage to services operates within a harm reduction
framework to include intensive case management.
Sequential Intercept Model:An Opportunity to Screen, Assess, & Refer
Diversion can take many forms within the cj system
LEAD vs. Incarceration
• Incarceration: State Prison Costs: average $65/day jail &$82/day NC DOC
• Community Based Treatment: average $20/day*
• Imagine a Courtroom…
*(Seattle Washington LEAD Program)
4/3/2018
4
Central Tenets of LEAD
• Harm Reduction Framework• Utilizes Officer Discretion• Improves Health Outcomes• Public Health approach versus Criminal Justice
approach
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
2 active LEAD programs inFayetteville & Wilmington
Counties with Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD)*as of December 31, 2017
*LEAD is a pre-booking diversion program that allows Law Enforcement Officers to redirect low-leveloffenders engaged in drug or sex work activity to community-based programs and services, instead of jailand prosecution.
4/3/2018
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Wrap Around Services withinthe Harm Reduction Model
• Basic Needs• Access to Substance Use Treatment• Access to Mental Health Treatment• Access to Harm Reduction Strategies (Naloxone, SEP, MAT)• Access to Healthcare• Access to Emergency and Long-term Housing
2 Types of LEAD Referrals
Charge Diversion: restrictions alreadyagreed upon by MOU stakeholders
Social Referral: based on history &knowledge
Officer is the referral source who performs warm-handoff to casemanager, no missed opportunities
Requirements for Entry
• Agree to release of information
• Complete intake assessmentwithin 14 days
Process
Patrol Officers are the primary decision maker for diverting anindividual to LEAD pursuant to the criteria on which officershave been trained.
Officers will make a series of decisions about the individualsthey contact to determine whether or not those individualsare arrested or will be diverted to LEAD. Decisions includereviewing previous LE interactions, criminal history, andagency eligibility criteria.
4/3/2018
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LEAD Eligibility
• Adults suspected of a criminal offense (primarily low leveldrugs and/or survival sex work) and addicted to an illicit andlicit substance
• Open to being connected to services
• Willing to sign release of information to allow stakeholdersto share information for treatment purposes
Process for Connecting toCase Manager
During Case Manager Business HoursDuring Case Manager Business After Hours
Fayetteville, NC Experience• Referrals: over 35 from officers• Active clients: approximately 25 (varying levels of engagement)• 57% of referrals were female• 16 Cau. (46%), 13 AA (37%)• Under age 25: 8 (32%)• Age: 26-35: 11 (31%)• Age: 36-45: 8 (22%)• Age: 45+: 7 (20%)• 60% have been social referrals
Fayetteville, NC Experience• At time of officer referral 13 (37%) indicted they were not receiving any
treatment or social services
• Of the 25 active clients, approximately 70% are receiving some type ofLEAD service (treatment, peer support, etc.).
• The most frequent service accessed is peer support/harm reductionservices, the treatment engagement number is low.
• Currently, we have been unable to locate 7 of our participants for morethan two weeks (28%). Mainly homeless population.
4/3/2018
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Fayetteville, NC Experience• Initial Barriers
• Methadone (CURES $)• Transportation• Probation Issues
• Reduction in law enforcement interaction
• Reduction in arrests (176 versus 16!) Point in time review Oct.2017 of 19participants. Prior arrests included: Assaults, Drugs (Heroin & Cocaine),Robbery, Larceny, Prostitution, Fraud,Comm. Threats and Burglary.
• Outcome effectiveness Seattle LEAD: participants were 60% less likely to bere-arrested in first 6 months. Within 2 years, rate was 58%.
Case Management
Removing silos:Dan’s story (DOB 1989, LEADintake Feb. 2017)
Case Manager Process
Provides immediate individual intake and access toclinical assessment to determine
• Factors contributing to the person’s engagement insubstances
• Creation of individualized comprehensive treatment plan
• Referral to services
Service Provision
28
Screening,Intake andAssessment
Intensive CaseManagement
Harm ReductionServices
Development ofIndividualInterventionPlans
Basic Needs, i.e. food, clothing,medical/dental care, enrollment inMedicaid, etc.TransportationHousingTreatment Services (includingmedication assisted treatment)Job training/employmentsupports/education supports
4/3/2018
8
Program Oversight
The LEAD Case Review Committee consists of:• Police Department• District Attorney’s Office• NC Harm Reduction Coalition• Case Manager• Mental Health/Substance Abuse Organization (typically payee)• Any additional member of the Memorandum of Understanding
Meets twice a month to review participant progress and make programmaticdecisions
What does harm reductionlook like to you?
Peer Support
• Overdose prevention awareness/strategies• Identifying barriers and untreated health
issues• Access to services• Motivational interviewing/goal setting• Support• Harm reduction strategies (safe sex, access
to new syringes)
Ryan (DOB 1993), LEAD intake April 2017
Arrest referral, found overdosed in McDonald’s parking lot,was hiding addiction from wife, tried other MAT beforefinding happiness with Vivitrol shot• 2010-2012: minor LE field contacts• 2016: Warrant service for Larceny of Firearm, B&E• 2016: Arrested for Hit & Run Property Damage• 2017: Referred to LEAD in lieu of arrest of narcotics (OD
event)
Not one size fits all
4/3/2018
9
Mary (DOB 1993), LEAD intake April 2017Social referral from SEP, already on methadone but still using, wanted LEAD to helpwith her 2 pending DWI’s, discovered pregnancy while in jail in which we rampedup our HR peer support.• Numerous field contacts for prostitution starting in 2012.• 14 citations since 2010 ranging from traffic to fighting• 2011: victim in 2 reported crimes.• 2012: victim in 4 reported crimes. Listed as suspect in 5 cases (larceny,
robbery, forgery)• 2013: victim in robbery. Listed as suspect (2) larceny & fraud• 2014: victim in robbery. Listed as suspect in 2 larceny cases and 1 drug case.
Arrested in 1 larceny case.• 2015: arrested for parole violation• 2017: victim in 4 cases (all assaults). Arrested on drug charges.
Small positive changes
Barb, (DOB 1974), LEAD Intake Dec.2016Already on methadone, engaged in sex work to pay formethadone, housing need, self-referred!• 2008: arrested on drug charge• 2009: arrested for fraud• 2010: victim of assault• 2011: victim of “all other”• 2012: arrested for doctor shopping• 2013 & 2014: field contacts• 2015: victim of sexual assault• 2017: arrested for larceny/shoplifting
Meeting them where they are
Program Development
• Identify stakeholders• Develop team• Determine criteria for eligibility• Identify local resources• Draft MOU• Develop training for officers
Community Assessment of Resources
• Transportation• Methadone/Suboxone• Case Management• Determining Coverage (insurance or no insurance?)• Identify Barriers
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Promising Public Safety/First Responder Strategies
• Officers carrying naloxone• Overdose Follow-ups by LE/EMS/Peer Support• EMS Kits for Transport Refusals• Needle Exchange by EMS• Providing harm reduction awareness to inmates• Connecting exiting inmates to treatment services (MH
and/or SA)
Collaborate!Brainstorm within the SIM! Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018
Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
6 active Post OverdoseResponse Programs
Counties with Post Overdose Response Programs*as of December 31, 2017
*The Post Overdose Response Programs (or Rapid Response Teams) offer support,recovery resources and links to substance use disorder treatment options, overdoseprevention education, naloxone, case management, and referrals to syringe exchangeprograms.
Source: The North Carolina Office of EMS (NC OEMS) and North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
26 active Emergency Medical Services(EMS) Naloxone Take Home Programs†
Counties with EMS Naloxone Take Home Programs for IDUs*as of December 31, 2017
*Naloxone Take Home Programs provide naloxone to Injection Drug Users (IDUs) whorefuse transport to the hospital after an overdose.† 1 program covering the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Tribe
LEAD Summary• Innovative arrest diversion program• Co-designed by law enforcement, prosecutors, public defenders, public health
experts, and civil rights leaders• Utilizes a harm reduction approach to community-based issues of substance use,
addiction, sex work, mental illness, criminal justice system involvement, andpoverty
• Allows officers to use discretion to divert low-level drugs users or sex workers tocase managers who connect them with treatment/supportive services
• Offers an alternative to incarceration for people who would more likely benefitfrom treatment/supportive services
• Reduces recidivism by 58% and provides cost effectives in the judicial system *
*Seattle, Washington LEAD Program
4/3/2018
11
Learn more about LEAD Program Resources
• LEAD Bureau website• Seattle, Washington LEAD website• Baltimore LEAD videos
www.nchrc.org
4/3/2018
1
Law Enforcement AssistedDiversionMelissia Larson, North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition
About NCHRC• Statewide grassroots coalition dedicated to the
implementation of harm reduction interventions• Focus on public health strategies, drug policy
transformation, and justice reform• Engage in advocacy and policy development• Provide training to directly impacted persons, law
enforcement, and the community. Topics include harmreduction, needle stick prevention, Hep C/HIV, and overdoseprevention
• Provide direct services for people impacted by drug use,incarceration, sex work, overdose, gender, and HIV/Hepatitis
3
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Deat
hs p
er 1
00,0
00 p
opul
atio
n
Year
Motor Vehicle Traffic (Unintentional)Drug Poisoning (All Intents)
α β
Death Rates* for Two Selected Causes of Injury,North Carolina, 1968-2015
*Per 100,00, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. Standard Populationα - Transition from ICD-8 to ICD-9β – Transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10
National Vital Statistics System, http://wonder.cdc.gov, multiple cause datasetSource: Death files, 1968-2015, CDC WONDERAnalysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
1989 – Pain added as 5th Vital Sign
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
Naloxone Kits Distributed by the North Carolina HarmReduction Coalition, 8/1/2013- 12/31/2017
64,990 kitsdistributed*
*87 kits distributed in an unknown location in North Carolina and 18 kitsdistributed to individuals living in states outside of North Carolina;includes 5,657 kits distributed to Law Enforcement Agencies
4/3/2018
2
Opioid Overdose Reversals with Naloxone Reported to theNorth Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, 8/1/2013-12/31/2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
10,000 + communityreversals reported*
*23 reversals in an unknown location in North Carolina and 139reversals using NCHRC kits in other states reported to NCHRC
Counties with Law Enforcement Carrying Naloxoneas of December 31, 2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
192 Law EnforcementAgencies covering 80 counties
Opioid Overdose Reversals with Naloxone Reported byNC Law Enforcement Agencies, 1/1/2015-12/31/2017
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition (NCHRC), January 2018Analysis by Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
900 + LawEnforcementreversals reported
Source: North Carolina Division of Public Health, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
Currently there are 26 active*SEPs covering 32 counties in
NC
Counties currently served by Syringe Exchange Programs (SEPs)as of December 31, 2017
*There may be SEPs operating that are not represented on this map; in order to be countedas an active SEP, paperwork must be submitted to the NC Division of Public Health.
4/3/2018
3
LE Strategic responsesOperation Medicine Drop, 2010
Permanent Drop-Off boxes, 2010
Prescription Fraud & Diversion Investigations
Attend Crisis Intervention Training
Utilize Mobile Crisis
First LE Naloxone Program, 2014
Conduct Overdose Follow-ups
Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion
LEAD is a pre-arrest diversion program that utilizes officer
discretion to divert low level drug offenders and sex workers
from the traditional criminal justice system and into treatment.
This linkage to services operates within a harm reduction
framework to include intensive case management.
Sequential Intercept Model:An Opportunity to Screen, Assess, & Refer
Diversion can take many forms within the cj system
LEAD vs. Incarceration
• Incarceration: State Prison Costs: average $65/day jail &$82/day NC DOC
• Community Based Treatment: average $20/day*
• Imagine a Courtroom…
*(Seattle Washington LEAD Program)
4/3/2018
4
Central Tenets of LEAD
• Harm Reduction Framework• Utilizes Officer Discretion• Improves Health Outcomes• Public Health approach versus Criminal Justice
approach
Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
2 active LEAD programs inFayetteville & Wilmington
Counties with Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD)*as of December 31, 2017
*LEAD is a pre-booking diversion program that allows Law Enforcement Officers to redirect low-leveloffenders engaged in drug or sex work activity to community-based programs and services, instead of jailand prosecution.
4/3/2018
5
Wrap Around Services withinthe Harm Reduction Model
• Basic Needs• Access to Substance Use Treatment• Access to Mental Health Treatment• Access to Harm Reduction Strategies (Naloxone, SEP, MAT)• Access to Healthcare• Access to Emergency and Long-term Housing
2 Types of LEAD Referrals
Charge Diversion: restrictions alreadyagreed upon by MOU stakeholders
Social Referral: based on history &knowledge
Officer is the referral source who performs warm-handoff to casemanager, no missed opportunities
Requirements for Entry
• Agree to release of information
• Complete intake assessmentwithin 14 days
Process
Patrol Officers are the primary decision maker for diverting anindividual to LEAD pursuant to the criteria on which officershave been trained.
Officers will make a series of decisions about the individualsthey contact to determine whether or not those individualsare arrested or will be diverted to LEAD. Decisions includereviewing previous LE interactions, criminal history, andagency eligibility criteria.
4/3/2018
6
LEAD Eligibility
• Adults suspected of a criminal offense (primarily low leveldrugs and/or survival sex work) and addicted to an illicit andlicit substance
• Open to being connected to services
• Willing to sign release of information to allow stakeholdersto share information for treatment purposes
Process for Connecting toCase Manager
During Case Manager Business HoursDuring Case Manager Business After Hours
Fayetteville, NC Experience• Referrals: over 35 from officers• Active clients: approximately 25 (varying levels of engagement)• 57% of referrals were female• 16 Cau. (46%), 13 AA (37%)• Under age 25: 8 (32%)• Age: 26-35: 11 (31%)• Age: 36-45: 8 (22%)• Age: 45+: 7 (20%)• 60% have been social referrals
Fayetteville, NC Experience• At time of officer referral 13 (37%) indicted they were not receiving any
treatment or social services
• Of the 25 active clients, approximately 70% are receiving some type ofLEAD service (treatment, peer support, etc.).
• The most frequent service accessed is peer support/harm reductionservices, the treatment engagement number is low.
• Currently, we have been unable to locate 7 of our participants for morethan two weeks (28%). Mainly homeless population.
4/3/2018
7
Fayetteville, NC Experience• Initial Barriers
• Methadone (CURES $)• Transportation• Probation Issues
• Reduction in law enforcement interaction
• Reduction in arrests (176 versus 16!) Point in time review Oct.2017 of 19participants. Prior arrests included: Assaults, Drugs (Heroin & Cocaine),Robbery, Larceny, Prostitution, Fraud,Comm. Threats and Burglary.
• Outcome effectiveness Seattle LEAD: participants were 60% less likely to bere-arrested in first 6 months. Within 2 years, rate was 58%.
Case Management
Removing silos:Dan’s story (DOB 1989, LEADintake Feb. 2017)
Case Manager Process
Provides immediate individual intake and access toclinical assessment to determine
• Factors contributing to the person’s engagement insubstances
• Creation of individualized comprehensive treatment plan
• Referral to services
Service Provision
28
Screening,Intake andAssessment
Intensive CaseManagement
Harm ReductionServices
Development ofIndividualInterventionPlans
Basic Needs, i.e. food, clothing,medical/dental care, enrollment inMedicaid, etc.TransportationHousingTreatment Services (includingmedication assisted treatment)Job training/employmentsupports/education supports
4/3/2018
8
Program Oversight
The LEAD Case Review Committee consists of:• Police Department• District Attorney’s Office• NC Harm Reduction Coalition• Case Manager• Mental Health/Substance Abuse Organization (typically payee)• Any additional member of the Memorandum of Understanding
Meets twice a month to review participant progress and make programmaticdecisions
What does harm reductionlook like to you?
Peer Support
• Overdose prevention awareness/strategies• Identifying barriers and untreated health
issues• Access to services• Motivational interviewing/goal setting• Support• Harm reduction strategies (safe sex, access
to new syringes)
Ryan (DOB 1993), LEAD intake April 2017
Arrest referral, found overdosed in McDonald’s parking lot,was hiding addiction from wife, tried other MAT beforefinding happiness with Vivitrol shot• 2010-2012: minor LE field contacts• 2016: Warrant service for Larceny of Firearm, B&E• 2016: Arrested for Hit & Run Property Damage• 2017: Referred to LEAD in lieu of arrest of narcotics (OD
event)
Not one size fits all
4/3/2018
9
Mary (DOB 1993), LEAD intake April 2017Social referral from SEP, already on methadone but still using, wanted LEAD to helpwith her 2 pending DWI’s, discovered pregnancy while in jail in which we rampedup our HR peer support.• Numerous field contacts for prostitution starting in 2012.• 14 citations since 2010 ranging from traffic to fighting• 2011: victim in 2 reported crimes.• 2012: victim in 4 reported crimes. Listed as suspect in 5 cases (larceny,
robbery, forgery)• 2013: victim in robbery. Listed as suspect (2) larceny & fraud• 2014: victim in robbery. Listed as suspect in 2 larceny cases and 1 drug case.
Arrested in 1 larceny case.• 2015: arrested for parole violation• 2017: victim in 4 cases (all assaults). Arrested on drug charges.
Small positive changes
Barb, (DOB 1974), LEAD Intake Dec.2016Already on methadone, engaged in sex work to pay formethadone, housing need, self-referred!• 2008: arrested on drug charge• 2009: arrested for fraud• 2010: victim of assault• 2011: victim of “all other”• 2012: arrested for doctor shopping• 2013 & 2014: field contacts• 2015: victim of sexual assault• 2017: arrested for larceny/shoplifting
Meeting them where they are
Program Development
• Identify stakeholders• Develop team• Determine criteria for eligibility• Identify local resources• Draft MOU• Develop training for officers
Community Assessment of Resources
• Transportation• Methadone/Suboxone• Case Management• Determining Coverage (insurance or no insurance?)• Identify Barriers
4/3/2018
10
Promising Public Safety/First Responder Strategies
• Officers carrying naloxone• Overdose Follow-ups by LE/EMS/Peer Support• EMS Kits for Transport Refusals• Needle Exchange by EMS• Providing harm reduction awareness to inmates• Connecting exiting inmates to treatment services (MH
and/or SA)
Collaborate!Brainstorm within the SIM! Source: North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018
Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
6 active Post OverdoseResponse Programs
Counties with Post Overdose Response Programs*as of December 31, 2017
*The Post Overdose Response Programs (or Rapid Response Teams) offer support,recovery resources and links to substance use disorder treatment options, overdoseprevention education, naloxone, case management, and referrals to syringe exchangeprograms.
Source: The North Carolina Office of EMS (NC OEMS) and North Carolina Harm Reduction Coalition, January 2018Analysis: Injury Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit
26 active Emergency Medical Services(EMS) Naloxone Take Home Programs†
Counties with EMS Naloxone Take Home Programs for IDUs*as of December 31, 2017
*Naloxone Take Home Programs provide naloxone to Injection Drug Users (IDUs) whorefuse transport to the hospital after an overdose.† 1 program covering the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Tribe
LEAD Summary• Innovative arrest diversion program• Co-designed by law enforcement, prosecutors, public defenders, public health
experts, and civil rights leaders• Utilizes a harm reduction approach to community-based issues of substance use,
addiction, sex work, mental illness, criminal justice system involvement, andpoverty
• Allows officers to use discretion to divert low-level drugs users or sex workers tocase managers who connect them with treatment/supportive services
• Offers an alternative to incarceration for people who would more likely benefitfrom treatment/supportive services
• Reduces recidivism by 58% and provides cost effectives in the judicial system *
*Seattle, Washington LEAD Program
4/3/2018
11
Learn more about LEAD Program Resources
• LEAD Bureau website• Seattle, Washington LEAD website• Baltimore LEAD videos
www.nchrc.org
