Latest Science and Adoption Trends in the Soil Health Movement€¦ · Latest Science and Adoption...
Transcript of Latest Science and Adoption Trends in the Soil Health Movement€¦ · Latest Science and Adoption...
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Latest Science and Adoption Trends in the Soil
Health MovementShannon CappellazziSoil Health Institute
July 10, 2019
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TODAYS TALK
• Soil Health Intro• US Ag Census• Current SHI Projects• NRCS Tech Notes • Academic Advances
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SOIL HEALTH IS:The continued capacity of the
soil to function as a vital living ecosystem
within ecosystem and land use boundaries, to sustain
biological productivity, maintain the quality of air
and environments, and promote plant, animal, and
human health.
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SOIL HEALTH IS:The continued
capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem
that sustains plants, animals,
and humans
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SOIL HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS
Figure: NRCS USDA Applying Soil Health Management Systems to Reduce Climate and Weather Risks in the Northwest
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USDA CENSUS: “NO-TILL”
• Respondents determine their tillage category
• Acres increased from 96 mill to 104 mill
- 8.3% increase• 37% of arable acres
reported no-till• Tennessee has 78.6%
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CENSUS: PERCENT AVAILABLE CROPLAND WITH “NO-TILL”2017
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USDA CENSUS: COVER CROPS
• Acres increased from 10.3 mill to 15.4 mill
- 50% increase• Number of farms
- 15% increase• People who already cover
cropped, added acres• 11 states has > ¼ of crop
land planted to cover crops
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CENSUS: PERCENT AVAILABLE CROPLAND WITH COVER CROPS 2017
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SARE SURVEY: YIELD INCREASE
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SOIL HEALTH INSTITUTEACTION TEAMS
Communications and EducationPublic Policy
Economics
Research Measurements and Standards
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• NAPESHM• Cotton Training• Decision Support AWHC• Research Landscape Tool• Ecosystem Services Market Consortium• Soil Health, Human Health Connections• National Association of Conservation Districts
SHI INITIATIVES
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NORTH AMERICAN PROJECT TO EVALUATE SOIL HEALTH
MEASUREMENTS• 120 Long-Term Sites • 2000 Experimental Units • Management History • Yield and Economics • 31 Measurements • 16S, ITS, and Shotgun Metagenomics Sequenced• SMAF, CASH, and Haney Systems Compared
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VISUALS MATCH LAB RESULTS
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BOTTOM LINE BUSINESS CASE
• Economic tools needed for adoption
• Decision support tools• Enterprise Budgets
• Compare BAU to Soil Health Practices
• Economic risk to evaluate resilience
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EDUCATION AND TRAINING
• Soil Health Training program for Cotton
• Farmer-mentors • NC, GA, AR then
MS, TX, and CA• Living Soil Film
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntJouJhLM48• Highschool and college lesson plans• Soil Health Research Landscape Tool
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“SOIL HEALTH” IN ARTICLES FROM GOOGLE SCHOLAR
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Num
ber o
f Pub
licat
ions
Year Published
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NRCS RECOMMENDED SOIL HEALTH INDICATORS AND LAB PROCEDURES
Soil Process Soil Health Indicator Recommended Method
Organic Matter Cycling & C Sequestration Soil Organic Carbon Dry Combustion
Soil Structural Stability Aggregation ARS Wet Macroaggregate Stability
General Microbial Activity Short-term C mineralization
4-day Carbon Dioxide Respiration
Specific Microbial Activity Enzyme Activity Suite of enzymes for C, N, P, S
Carbon Food Source Readily Available C Pool Permanganate oxidizable C
Bioavailable Nitrogen Available Organic N Pool Autoclaved Citrate Extractable Protein Content
Microbial Diversity Community Structure Phospholipid Fatty Acid
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A MICROBES VIEW
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FUNCTIONS OF BIOFILMS
Flemming 2016. EPS Then and Now
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Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationTri-Societies
Conservation Technology Information CenterNational Association of Conservation Districts
Soil and Water Conservation SocietyGlobal Soil Security
The Fertilizer Institute
COORDINATING COALITION
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SubscribeApply
Action TeamsAnnual Meeting
Collaborate
ENGAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIESwww.soilhealthinstitute.org
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New Technology
• Saturo by Meter Group• Saturated Hydraulic
Conductivity• SeqWell Multiplexing
• Functional genomics • Slakes with iPhone• visNIR