latest proposal lab 2.docx

8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx

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BODY IMAGE

(SELF ACCEPTANCE)PROPOSAL ON GROUP COUNSELING LAB 2

LECTURER : DR SALMI BINTI AHMAD SUDAN

SECTION : 1

MASRIJAH BINTI MASIR 1110902

SITI HAJAR BINTI MOHD RAIS 1115836


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1.0 Introduction

In Malaysia, both genders male and female are very concern about their body image and

most them having body image dissatisfaction. Body image issues are associated with concern

about shape and weight, although they may also relate to concerns about other physical features

or body parts. Moreover, weight lost is widely believed to be the solution to body image

problems and indeed, one of the sources of unhappiness in life. Most of the people suffering this

issue want a quick result by quick fix fad diet (any techniques that will help person to lose their

weight) solutions and etreme weight loss behaviors that bring another issues which is health

issues, ineffective and associated with the development of eating disorders such as binge eating,

bulimic disorders and obesity.

!he connection between physical health and body image is fundamental because how we

feel about our bodies affects how we will ultimately treat out bodies, particularly in what we

choose to eat. !he study conducted by Mc"arland # $aminski, %&&'livardia, *ope,

Borowiecki, # +ohane, %&& indicated that there is significant relationship between body image

dissatisfaction and dietary restraint, overeating, over eercising and the development of eating

disorders.

-owever, in this issue we cannot easily blaming those who are suffering because the

distress associated with body image is related to our societys rigid beauty ideals. Both society

and media have portray a thin women as ideal body and beautiful for women while an athletic

and lean body are ideal for men. *eople believed that this physical appearance attributes to bring

happiness, attractiveness, success, control, moral virtue and career in life.


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*sychological research confirms that /niversity students are the most group of people

who are suffering in body image tend to do not perform well in academic, have low self0esteem,

high self0critiques, lack of confidents and do not sociali1e with others. !his is the reason, this

program is proposed to help the sufferers to overcome their issues and have a good impression

towards themselves.

2.0 Literature review

Both teenagers and early adult are concern with their appearance. 2fter gone through

many developmental changes in life including physical and emotional changes, they try to

manifest their self in interesting ways, also factors like emergence of dating relationships, school

transition and contradictory gender role epectations. 2ll that factors seem to develop their

thinking in negative ways. 2s a result lead to body image dissatisfaction, which can the lead to

another issue which is eating disorders. -owever, there are several interventions can be used to

overcome this issue.

3esearch conducted by wade, 4avidson, # 4ea, in %&&% and Bardick et al in %&& has

shown that the primary prevention is crucial to keep students from developing wrong

interpretation about body image and also decreasing the risk factors and at the same time

increasing the protective factors. Moreover, prevention through education might be more

effective if it focuses on the development of thinking skills, from that they are enable to eamine

or differentiate media messages and unhealthy behaviors instead of influenced by it. (Bardick et

al, %&&).


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"urther, preventive education efforts should also on other risk factors, include low self0

esteem and self0worth. (*helphs et al, %&&&). !he main goal of preventive education program is

to develop positive self0esteem, self0efficacy and a healthy body image, in addition to the

personal and socials skills needed in teenagers to counter the risk factors for developing body

image dissatisfaction.

5essions from !he body *ro6ect in %&&7 by 83I+ 5tice and $atherine *resnell were used

to improve body image satisfaction and acceptance. !his is based on cognitive dissonance theory

based intervention that designed to reduce the pressure to conform to a thin body type and to

reduce the use of unhealthy weight control behavior. !his intervention proposes to reduce

dissonance or uncomfortable feeling. In this intervention, participants are encouraged to question

and critique thin ideal through a series of eercises that produce cognitive dissonance, which is

resolved by decreasing the intensity of the belief that thin is ideal and beautiful. ("eldman,

!orino # 5wift, %&99)

3.0 Rationale

!he philosophy of this specific group is to raise the awareness on body image

dissatisfaction and teach self0worth for clients. !he goal is to help sufferers overcome obstacles

with eating, body image, self0confidence, and control along with other personal and group issues

also to minimi1e their self0critiques regarding their body image. 5ufferers will be able to gain

support from peers as well as professionals. !he target groups are from undergraduate students,

who are often dealing with image dissatisfaction issue.


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Moreover, this group counseling proposed due to many factors, not only focuses on

awareness but also the preventive part. !his issue is getting crucial and time by time many

female students seem to be affected by this issue. 2lso, this thing affect their daily life, including

their health issue.

4espite that, this thing is one of the factors that affecting female student in academic

achievement and their social skills. :ith this group counseling, we can improve the life of

sufferers.

4.0 Objectives

By the end of this group counseling,

9. !o support clients to reassess and change dysfunctional thoughts, attitudes, feeling and

behavior.

%. !o foster more positive body image satisfaction and attitude to weight and shape with

encouragement for weight gain and healthy eating.

;. !o develop clients self0esteem, self0awareness, self0motivation and self0worth.

.0 !tructure and or"ani#ation of t$e "rou%.


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!o ensure privacy and clients comfortable, the group meetings should be held in quiet and

private location. !his group counseling will be conducted in +*4 in Institute of 8ducation,

II/M.

>.% Membership

In group counseling, si1e of group is an important aspect. 5ince this is counseling group, the

maimum number of members is not more than eight members to have a conducive sessions and

all the members feel comfortable. 4uring the screening process, = members will be selected but

only of them will 6oin the session. !he reason for select = members and choose only so that

the group counseling still can be conducted if there is members withdraw and replace with the

reserved members, and they will be informed regarding this.

>.; . ?round rules

In this group counseling, there are few rules should be followed by the members to achieve the

goals, to protect the members and also to ensure the sessions are going smoothly.

?round rules to be followed by all members@


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9. +onfidentiality is to be honored at all times ecept for the purposes of ethical or legal

issues.%. +lients are epected to attend all sessions and be on time because their absence affects

the entire group.;. +lients are epected to be respectful of others and to share their feelings, thoughts, and

reactions in an appropriate and sensitive way to create an environment of trust in which

work can take place.

. +lients must refrain from using drugs and alcohol during meeting times.

>. +lients are epected to participate to the etent that they feel comfortable and safe in

doing so.

=. +lients are epected to engage in 6ournaling during and between sessions.

>.> Informed +onsent

!his is crucial for clients to be aware of the potential risks and benefits of counseling

(2?*2, %&&=). +lients will be advised of both the right and responsibilities of being group

members during the pre interview. 4uring the initial interview participants will be asked to sign

the consent form. Members should feel they have enough information to determine to continue

the session. (2ppendi 9)

>.= +ounselor +ompetence

2ccording to +orey # +orey (%&&=), it is important to consider is Awho is qualified to

lead this type of group with this type of population. It is necessary for the group leader to be

knowledgeable on this issue, have eperience dealing with female adults. In order to ensure the

ethical standards of competence are met. Moreover, group leader must have adequate skills and

speciali1ed eperience in body image issues.


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>.7 !arget *opulation

In order to qualify for this group, participants must be female and undergraduate students

of International Islamic /niversity Malaysia, II/M. +onsideration will be only given to

participants who are able enough to benefit from group work.

>.C 3ecruitment procedures

It will be held in early of March %&9 and the deadline of recruitment will be on % ndweek

of March %&9.

pen recruitment@ *oster will be posted in center of university, in Mahallah and ID5!84

building.

Intake by phone for the members enrolled

Intake interview in office will be arranged if needed.

>.' 5creening procedures

!he pre group interview is the essential aspects on this group counseling. 8ach

prospective member will meet during the first two weeks of March. !his is because to ensure the

maimum level of safety, confidentiality, functioning and achieving goals. !he ma6or parts of

conducting pre group interview are to assess the most appropriateness individuals for the group.

!he leader or co0leader will shape the interview to obtain general demographic background,

psychological and developmental history and some understanding of the clients views of group

counseling services.


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>.9& 5essions

&irst !ession

'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objectives of t$e session

& minutes :elcome #

check in

Introduce yourself,

welcome participants #

discuss the focus of the

group today.

+reate ground rules and

review confidentiality

information on flipchart while addressing

how to avoid

comparisons within the

members.

Ice+breaker

8ngage the clients in an

ice breaker activity to

facilitate relationship

building and increase

comfort among

members (2ppendi %)

*rocess the activity

after completation

using questions such as

@9. -ow did it feel to share

information about

yourselfE

%. 4o you feel you know

anyone a little betterE

9. +reate ground rules

and review

confidentiality.

%. 2ll members get to

know one another.

;. *rovide an

overview of what

can be epected

over the remaining

sessions.

. 8plain group

process and

uncover member

epectations.


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;& minutes 4escribe how group

counseling can be

beneficial for group

members

4iscuss members

epectations

8plain the role of

leader

4iscuss reflection and

self0reporting

%& minutes :rap up -ave participants

complete session

evaluation (2ppendi;) 2ddress any questions

or comments

!ession 2

'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objective of t$e session

9& minutes :elcome #

+heck in

:elcome members #

discuss the focus of the

group

3eview ground rules

#confidentiality

information from the

"irst session interview.

-ave each member

introduce herself#

complete the phraseAwhen I think about

being in this group for

the net > weeks, Ifeel..

2ddress any questions

that arise

9. !o develop

cohesion among

members.

%. !o create group

and personal goals

for the remaining

session.

;. !o identify labels

that can hold us

back from

succeeding.

%> minutes 8ducation #

*ersonal goals

"acilitate a discussion

on some facts # myths

about body image


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based on handout

(myth# realities of

body image )

(2ppendi )

2sk questions such as

9. -ow does this material

apply to youE

%. 4id you learn anything

you didnt know

beforeE

%& minutes )


or comments.

!ession 3

'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objective of t$e session

9& minutes :elcome #

check in

:elcome participants

# provide a brief

overview of the ground

to be covered in the

session, leaving it

fleible for any issues

that arise.

Brief review of ground

rules # confidentiality

-ave each membercomplete the phrase

AIm feeling FFFFFFF

about being here this

morning

9. !o learn about

body image and

the connection to

our thoughts and

feeling.

%. !arget perfectionist

thoughts with

+B!.

%> minutes Dobodys perfect 8ngage the girls in a

discussion about the


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logistics of being

perfect # where they

acquired their beliefs

about perfectionism.(2ppendi =)

!o illustrate the

consequences of

perfectionism # then

work to recreate more

appropriate thoughts,

feelings, # activities

around these beliefs.

*rocess this eercise as

a group. /se questions

such as9. :hat did you learn

about yourself from

this activityE%. :hat did you learn

from others in the

groupE

;. -ow does it feel to

share this eperience

with othersE

. :hat impact does

perfectionism have on

your body imageE

%& minutes 5elf0Image :ork through the

material in the handout

on Abody image,

answering questions

that arise.(2ppendi 7)

5how the video clip

from the 4ove

campaign for realbeauty site

[email protected]

mGwatchE

vHpa6MyJ?k

9& minutes :rap0up -ave participants

complete session
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGk


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evaluation

(2ppendi C)


or comments.

,.0 Li(itation

!here are two things lack in this group counseling. "irst is the target group, in tertiary

education, students are busy with their study and assignment, to give commitment for = weeks

will not make them interested to 6oin this group session. +onfidentiality aspects one of the reason

they do not want to 6oin. 5tudents have developed understanding that counseling for problematic

person only, also they might be ashamed to admit that they have body image issue. Because

those who are engage with certain issue are in denial with their issue and try not to accept it.

5econd is time constraint, = times session is a short term period to conduct a session.

!hose are lingerie with this issue for years will not get easily change their perspectives towards

their body image

-.0 valuation

!he evaluation of group counseling is fundamental for both the individual group

eperience and the ongoing development of this group program. 2ccording to !rot1er (%&&=), the

effectiveness of individual sessions and the overall effectiveness of the group eperience can be

accessed through member evaluation, group process evaluation, self and other reports of

outcome, and co0leader evaluation. In the every session, the leader will distribute a weekly self0


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report evaluation. But in the last session, the leader will distribute different kind of evaluation

form.

/.0 onclusion

2s a conclusion, the etremely rigid weight and body shape ideals prevail, a large

proportion of the large population.


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)%%endix 1

INFORMED CONSENT

!he benefits from group therapy can be many. 8nhancement of basic social skills (body

language, engaging peers, impulse control, decision making skills.), increased awareness of how

ones behaviors impact relationships, better coping skills and a sense of validation amongst peers

are all possible outcomes.

?roup counseling may involve the risk of remembering unpleasant events and arouse

intense emotions of aniety, sadness, anger, depression and catharsis might be happened during

the session .:ithin certain limits, information revealed by participants in group counseling will

be kept strictly confidential by the leader (counselor) and will not be revealed to any person

outside of the group or to any outside agency without your written permission. 2n inherent risk

with group counseling is the confidentialit* of infor(ation disclosed, as all group members

verbally agree to hold information disclosed as confidential but law and ethics do not bind this

agreement.


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!here are certain situations in which, as a counselor, I am required by law to reveal

information obtained during any form of therapy to other persons or agencies. !hese situations

are as follows@

9) if you are a threat of grave bodily harm or death to self or another person,

%) if I become aware of a situation of neglect or harm of a minor or an elderly individual,

;) if a court of law issues a legitimate subpoena, andGor

) you are a court0referred client.

If I believe there is risk of you harming someone else or self0inflicting harm, I am not

mandated, but have an ethical responsibility to give this information to appropriate persons in

order to obtain the best care for you and those you may harm.

2dditionally, information may be shared with others therapists associated with this

corporation andGor with supervisors, all of whom are bound by the same confidentiality laws.

2 licensed counselor or a counselor assistant may conduct groups. 2 licensed counselor

will provide supervision tocounselor assistants. If there are any concerns or questions regarding

counselor assistants please contact me at &9'>CC>779.


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)%%endix 2

Adolescent Consent for Group Participation

I FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, give my consent for participation and any necessary assessment for

membership in the FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF group beginning I have been made aware of the

purpose of the group as well as the potential risks and benefits of my participation. !he

importance of confidentiality and its limits have been discussed with me. I am aware that

participation in this group is voluntary and that I have the right to withdraw at any time. I further

consent to the sharing of information between the groups facilitator and my counselor, for the

purpose of giving me the best possible care. I agree to follow the guidelines and ground rules

discussed with me during the pre0group meeting, promise to respect others in their sharing, and

work hard during and between sessions on my counseling goals.


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*articipant 5ignature @ 4ate @

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

)%%endix 3

1. I made progress toward my personal goals in group counseling. 5 4 3 2 1

2. I can work more effectively on my personal problems. 5 4 3 2 1

3. I can better understand my problemsGissues. 5 4 3 2 1

4. I can better communicate my thoughts and feelings. 5 4 3 2 1

5. I am more sensitive to, and accepting of, differences in others. 5 4 3 2 1

6. I feel that I can better handle my feelings and behavior. 5 4 3 2 1

7. I have healthier relationships with others 5 4 3 2 1

valuation &or(

:e would like your feedback on your group eperience. !his information is voluntary and willbe kept confidential. :e appreciate your honesty and ask that you do not put your name on the

sheet so that your responses will remain anonymous. Kour feedback will help us improve our

group counseling services. "ill out the form and return it to your group leader.

Session :

D!"e :

C.:hat didnt you like or how might the group be changedEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

'.-ow could the group counselorGleader improveE

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF




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9&."urther comments on any of the above scales or about your group eperience at the counseling

sessionE


FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

!hank you for completing the form.

)%%endix 4

valuation &or(

Please fill in as honestly as possible.

No names are needed - it is totally confidentialand anonymous.

Your answers will help us to make changes to improve the sessions.

5ession @ FFFFF 4ate @ FFFFFFF

1) Have you enjoyed the sessions?

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

What in particular have you enjoyed

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

What in particular have you notenjoyed

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

2) Do you feel you have benefited from the sessions?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________


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!f Yes,can you try to say in what way

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

!f No,can you try to say why

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

3) f the sessions !ere run a"ain, !hat !ould you chan"e?

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

#) f the sessions !ere run a"ain, is there anythin" else you !ould include?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

$) %ny other comments on the session?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

&) s there anythin" that you !ould li'e the "rou( to do, follo!in" on from these sessions?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

) *hat !ould you, as an individual, li'e to do, follo!in" on from these sessions?

_________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

"hank You for taking the time to complete the form.


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)%%endix

valuation &or(

RO 5)L)'IO6

2nswer these questions as honestly and unbiased as possible. 2ny area for which you checked

ADo indicates that it is an area that might need improvement.

7eetin" Location 8

9. Is the meeting location convenient and safeE LKes L Do

%. Is the meeting time consistent and convenientE LKes L Do

;. 4o you usually begin the meetings on timeE LKes L Do

. 4o you usually end your meetings on timeE LKes L Do

>. Is the meeting site comfortable and conducive to group discussionsE LKes L Do

=. Is the meeting site free from stigma and triggersE LKes L Do

Relations$i%s 9etween 7e(bers 8

9. ?roup members generally trust and respect each other LKes L Do

%. !here is honest, open communication between members LKes L Do

;. 4o group members avoid cliquish or eclusionary behaviorE LKes L Do


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. 4o members call each other for support between meetingsE LKes L Do

>. 4o members practice good active listening skills with each otherE LKes L Do

=. 4o members let others to finish speaking before 6umping in with adviceE LKes L Do

7. 2re both new and old members needs taken into accountE LKes L Do

rou% :iscussion ; rocess 8

9. Is your meeting format fleible when it needs to beE LKes L Do

%. 2re new members greeted at the doorE LKes L Do

;. 4o you have ground rules or group discussion rulesE LKes L Do

. 4oes each member have an equal amount of time to talk if necessaryE LKes L Do

>. 2re the meetings positive and constructiveE LKes L Do

=. 2re group discussions open to new ideasE LKes L Do

7. 2re group discussions meaningfulE LKes L Do

C. Is confidentiality always observedE LKes L Do

'. 4o members epress caring attitudes towards each otherE LKes L Do

Leaders$i% 8

9. 4oes the group feel as though it belongs to all of the membersE LKes L Do

%. 2re difficult behaviors dealt with in a timely mannerE LKes L Do

;. 2re problems solved with a sense of balance and fairnessE LKes L Do

. 4oes the leadership remain neutral during disputesE LKes L Do

>. 4o the same rules of conduct apply to both members and leadershipE LKes L Do

=. +an group members take an active role in running the groupE LKes L Do

7. +an all members of the group share responsibility for the groupE LKes L Do


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